Briliant: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Vol.
No.
February 2026 pp.
E-ISSN: 2541-4224.
P-ISSN: 2541-4216
DOI: http://dx.
org/10.
28926/briliant.
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Right Interventions: A Systematic Review Cherlys Tin Lutfiandini.
Retno Indarwati.
Praba Diyan Rachmawati.
1,2,3Faculty of Nursing.
Universitas Airlangga.
Jl.
Dr.
Ir.
Soekarno.
Mulyorejo.
Kec.
Mulyorejo, 60115.
Surabaya.
Indonesia Faculty of Vocational Studies.
Universitas Airlangga.
Jl.
Srikana 65.
Surabaya Indonesia60286.
Surabaya.
Indonesia Email: 1cherlys.
lutfiandini-2023@fkp.
Available Online http://w.
php/briliant History of Article Received 31 December 2024 Revised 13 January 2025 Accepted 19 March 2025 Published 22 February 2026 Keywords:
Innovations, intervention.
SRHR, systematic review Abstract: The interventions are regarding SRHR in different countries vary greatly.
Sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) are important components to ensure that young people are able to prevent pregnancy, prevent sexually transmitted diseases and utilize health The aim of this systematic review is to analyze interventions that have been provided to adolescents about sexual and reproductive health problems in various countries.
The authors conducted a systematic review of research examining interventions to improve sexual and reproductive health at ages 10-35 years using systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
Articles used from 2018 to 2023 database in Scopus.
Science Direct.
Sage Journal, and Pubmed.
The authors screened titles and full texts so that data was extracted and analyzed using a practice-based narrative synthesis The search produced 223 results by entering the keywords "Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR)", "intervention" and "adolescent" in the database.
Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria using the PICOS framework.
Results from the adolescent perspective regarding the interventions provided include education, carrying out HIV tests, easy access to information and health services, communication with parents about SRH, and providing economic The various interventions have been carried out to improve sexual and reproductive health in adolescents in various countries.
The interventions carried out depend about needs and problems in the country regarding SRH in adolescents.
The intervention evaluated programs that had been implementing by the government and providing program modifications because they were deemed effective in the previous program.
Abstrak: Intervensi terkait Kesehatan dan Hak Seksual dan Reproduksi (SRHR) di berbagai negara sangat bervariasi.
Kesehatan dan hak seksual dan reproduksi (SRHR) merupakan komponen penting untuk memastikan bahwa kaum muda mampu mencegah kehamilan, mencegah penyakit menular seksual, dan memanfaatkan layanan Corresponding Author:
Tujuan dari tinjauan sistematis ini adalah untuk Nama:
menganalisis intervensi yang telah diberikan kepada remaja tentang Cherlys Tin Lutfiandini masalah kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi di berbagai negara.
Para Email:
penulis melakukan tinjauan sistematis terhadap penelitian yang lutfiandinimengkaji intervensi untuk meningkatkan kesehatan seksual dan 2023@fkp.
reproduksi pada usia 10-35 tahun menggunakan pedoman tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis (PRISMA).
Artikel yang digunakan berasal dari tahun 2018 hingga 2023 dari basis data Scopus.
Science Direct.
Sage Journal, dan Pubmed.
Kata Kunci:
Inovasi, intervensi.
SRHR, tinjauan sistematis 118 BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 Para penulis menyaring judul dan teks lengkap sehingga data diekstrak dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan sintesis naratif berbasis praktik.
Pencarian menghasilkan 223 hasil dengan memasukkan kata kunci "Kesehatan dan Hak Seksual dan Reproduksi (SRHR)", "intervensi", dan "remaja" ke dalam basis Dua belas artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi menggunakan kerangka kerja PICOS.
Hasil dari perspektif remaja mengenai intervensi yang diberikan meliputi pendidikan, pelaksanaan tes HIV, akses mudah terhadap informasi dan layanan kesehatan, komunikasi dengan orang tua tentang kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi (SRH), dan pemberian bantuan ekonomi.
Berbagai intervensi telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi pada remaja di berbagai negara.
Intervensi yang dilakukan bergantung pada kebutuhan dan masalah di negara tersebut terkait SRH pada remaja.
Intervensi tersebut mengevaluasi program-program yang telah diimplementasikan oleh pemerintah dan memberikan modifikasi program karena dianggap efektif dalam program sebelumnya.
INTRODUCTION
Adolescent girls are population most vulnerable to unplanned pregnancy, early marriage, sexual violence and HIV because risk sexual behavior (Fan & Koski, 2.
HIV is higher among adolescent girls than among boys that caused gender-based gap in Zambia to dropout and financial shortage in adolescents (Mathur et al.
, 2.
The besides have an impact for health, health problem about sexual and reproductive caused adolescent dropping out of school, limiting future potential and reducing job opportunities for adolescent girlsIn the country a low and middle income, there are problems with adolescents' access to SRHR services because weakening health systems, violencing, abusing, forcing marriage and cultural norms (Krugu & van der Kwaak.
There is a need for solutions to overcome problems in adolescents to challenges about sexual and reproductive health and right (SRHR) for expressing and making good decision (Kakal et al.
, 2022.
There is for 7.
3 million girls undering age of 18 years and 10 million girls marry every years, between the girls 46% in Sub-Saharan Africa (Dupas, 2.
There is 12% about girls aged 15-19 years who are not married but actively in sexual behavior and using contraception, that one to five the girls aged 19 years have given birth (NISR.
Ministry of Health (MOH) [Rwand.
and ICF International, 2.
Indonesia faces major challenges about reproductive and sexual health issues, the birth rate for adolescent age 15Ae19 years is 47.
4% of 1,000 female adolescent (Organization & others, 2.
Indonesia created a regulation about adolescent stipulates that cannot engaging in sexual activity outside of marriage (Pinandari et al.
, 2.
This resulted adolescent sexual carried out in The challenge experienced by respondent who cannot be open to discussions with other people because of shame when discussing sexual and reproductive health and myths about contraception (Chilambe et al.
, 2.
Urban adolesent in East Africa often use the internet and social media to access information about sex along contraception to meet information needs, but the quality of the information sought is not necessarily valid information (Wadham et al.
, 2.
The lack of understanding about aspects of sexual and reproductive health can be a suporting factor in attitudes, behavior and practices wrong (Slabbert, 2.
The mechanisms limited knowledge regarding for implementing interventions regarding sexual reproductive health and integration processes.
This resulted in an increased need for further research regarding appropriate Research interventions on sexual and reproductive health (SRHR) often use a risk-based approach rather than an approach to adolescent sexuality due to dominant socio-religious norms, provoke much moral, and legal (Cammock et al.
, 2.
Adolescents are unable to make choices about sexual behavior such as when or whom they will have sex and use of contraception.
This results in sexually transmitted infections (STI.
, adolescent pregnancies, abortion and even death, and maternal disability, as well as gender-based violence including child marriage which occurs in Africa (Wadham et al.
, 2.
There is a need for interventions for easy access to information and services about sexual and reproductive health for adolescents as well as support from family, community and policy so that the young generation can make the right decisions about their actions (Kakal et al.
, 2022.
Based on the explanation above, the researchers want to write a BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 systematic review of adolescent perspectives on sexual and reproductive health education METHOD Search strategy and criteria The linkages can occur at various levels.
The researchers are screening articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been determined by using the PICOS framework, which explaine in Table 1.
PICOS framework Population Intervention Comperator Outcomes Study publication type Publication years Language Table 1.
PICOS framework Inclusion criteria Respondents aged 10-24 years The interventions presented relate to Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) issues There is no comparison The results are in accordance with research goals True Experiment (Clustered Randomized Controlled Tria.
, a mix method that has an Experiment or RCT English language Eksclusion criteria Apart from age for inclusion criteria and There is no comparison Systematic qualitative design Before at 2018 Data Analysis The selection was carried out with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review, as explained in Figure 1.
The first step was carried out by searching for articles according to the database and keywords that had been entered.
The articles were selected to remove articles that had the same title.
The next step involves selecting abstracts based on the inclusion criteria that have been determined by the researcher who obtained the full text.
Identification of studies via databases and registers Identif 223 references included for screening Pubmed .
Scopus .
, sage journal .
, scince direct .
Screening by publication years: 71 Screening by language: 0 Screening by type of article: 38 Duplicate documents: 79 Record screened after removed documents by years, language, article, and dublicated .
= .
Excluded inappropriate title .
= .
= .
Screen Record screened after removed documents by title .
Excluded inappropriate abstract .
Reports assessed for eligibility full teks .
Include Studies included in review .
= .
Figure 1.
PRISMA flow diagram 120 BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 Total of articles obtained based on keywords according to MeSh was 223 articles for further review of article eligibility.
The articles were then screened based on year, language, document type and duplicate documents so that 188 articles were produced.
35 articles were obtained, and after screening again based on the suitability of the title, 12 articles were excluded.
There were screening again for 23 articles based on the abstract consisting of research objectives and methods .
esearch design and inclusion criteri.
The excluded for 12 articles, so there are 11 articles left that are eligible for analysis.
The determination of research bias using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for several studies to analyze the quality of each study methodology .
to assess the criteria using the values 'yes', 'no', or 'not applicable'.
The scores are then calculated and added up to qualify for a grade 70% and meet the Critical Appraisal criteria with the cut-off point value agreed upon by the study researchers.
Table 2.
Risk of study bias (Kakal et al.
, 2022b.
Mbizvo et al.
, 2023.
Muthengi & Austrian, 2018a.
Namukonda et al.
Nolan et al.
, 2020.
Pinandari et al.
, 2023a.
Renzaho et al.
, 2022.
Todesco et al.
, 2023.
Yakubu et al.
, 2019.
Zulu et al.
, 2018.
(Renzaho et al.
, 2.
(Namukonda et al.
, 2.
(Mbizvo et al.
, 2.
(Yakubu et al.
, 2.
(Kakal et al.
, 2.
(Pinandari et al.
, 2.
(Todesco et al.
, 2.
(Zulu et al.
, 2.
(Muthengi and Austrian, 2.
(Nolan et al.
, 2.
Table 1.
Theme analysis of full text assessment (Kakal et al.
, 2022b.
Mbizvo et al.
, 2023.
Muthengi & Austrian.
Namukonda et al.
, 2021.
Nolan et al.
, 2020.
Pinandari et al.
, 2023a.
Renzaho et al.
, 2022.
Todesco et al.
Yakubu et al.
, 2019.
Zulu et al.
, 2018.
Author/ Country Populatio SRH component Design Key Finding (Nolan Rwanda Aged Level of adolescent sexual Randomized Human-centered design, and reproductive health Cluster randomized controlled 12 until 19 .
nowledge, intention, selftrial (RCT) trial.
Adolescent sexual and efficacy, social norms, reproductive health.
Family employment, education, and planning and reproductive trainin.
HIV testing, health.
Rwanda.
Digital contraceptive use health.
Hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation study.
Uptake of modern contraceptive methods (Muthen Kenya School Experience of marriage and Randomized Adolescent girls.
Randomized childbearing, experience of trial.
Menstrual health.
Austrian menstruation, experience of trial (RCT) Kenya.
Comprehensive , 2018.
grades 6 to physical and sexual abuse sexuality education, and violence, knowledge of Education.
Reproductive reproductive health, health.
Menstrual hygiene.
BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 Author/ Country Populatio SRH component perception of HIV and AIDS risk, sexual behavior Increasing pregnancy at a young age, increasing knowledge of SRH .
ontraception, behavior contro.
Perceived control, attitudes, norms, intentions related to sexual reproductive health and Knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding SRH and personal sexual wellbeing Design (Zulu et Zambia Randomized trial (RCT) (Todesc o et al.
Indonesia aged 16 to 17 years (Pinand ari et al.
Indonesia aged 10 to 14 years (Kakal Uganda aged 15 to 24 years Access to information, knowledge, and attitudes used of health services (Yakubu Ghana aged 13 to 19 years Sexual knowledge, and health belief (Mbizvo Zambia aged 15 to 24 years Knowledge and access to health services Eksperimen (Namuk onda et Zambia aged 15 to 19 years Knowledge, attitudes.
SRH behavior, health services, and communication with parents about sexual and reproductive health Mix method .
Key Finding Sanitary pads.
School Realist evaluation.
Sexual and reproductive health.
Community health systems.
Adolescents.
Zambia Randomized trial (RCT) Sexuality education, socioemotional competencies, sexual and reproductive health and rights, adolescents, evaluation Quasi Eksperimen Sexuality Comprehensive Early adolescence.
Young Sexual Gender norms.
Intervention.
Evaluation.
Indonesia Sexual and reproductive health and rights.
Adolescents.
Youth.
Uganda.
Voice.
Choice Mix methode .
Randomized Controlled Trial Sexual Abstinence.
Adolescent Prevention.
Health belief model.
Ghana Comprehensive education.
Adolescent girls and young women.
Early and Adolescent reproductive health.
SubSaharan Africa Adolescents.
family planning.
HIV counselling and testing.
sexuality education RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Demographic data The articles consisted of articles that met the inclusion criteria determined by the researcher using a randomized controlled trial .
, quasi-experimental .
, and mixed method .
research design.
The articles found were published from 2019 to 2024.
The places where research was conducted on this research article consisted of various countries such as three articles from Zambia (Mbizvo et al.
, 2023.
Namukonda et al.
, 2021.
Zulu et al.
, 2018.
, two articles from Indonesia (Pinandari et al.
, 2023b.
Todesco et al.
, 2.
, two articles from Uganda (Kakal et al.
Renzaho et al.
, 2.
, one article from Rwanda (Nolan et al.
, 2.
, one article from Ghana (Yakubu et al.
, 2.
, and one article from Kenya (Muthengi & Austrian, 2018.
In the research articles reviewed by researchers, several ages and genders were studied.
Gender Table 4.
Frequency distribution based on gender and age .
= .
Variabel
Female 70,4% Male
29,6%
Total 122 BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026
Age
Variabel
10-14 years 15-17 years 12-19 years 13-24 years 18-24 years 20-24 years Total
49,86%
24,65%
6,95%
8,23%
0,30%
The results of Table 4 show that the majority of respondents are women .
4%) because in three out of ten articles, research is only conducted on women.
In Table 4, the age grouping varies for each article depending on each researcher, and the majority of respondents were 10-14 years .
86%).
Table 5.
Results of systematic review articles (Kakal et al.
, 2022b.
Mbizvo et al.
, 2023.
Muthengi & Austrian, 2018a.
Namukonda et al.
, 2021.
Nolan et al.
, 2020.
Pinandari et al.
, 2023a.
Renzaho et al.
, 2022.
Todesco et al.
, 2023.
Yakubu et al.
, 2019.
Zulu et al.
, 2018.
Author Methods Intervention Results (Nolan et Design: randomize control trial (RCT) Time: There are two Digital health interventions , 2.
Sample: 6.
000 respondents don't just focused on Inclusion criteria:
First phase: intervention providing information or The students attended learning school an designing and creating the directing users to health application (July 2016services.
The CyberRwanda Between 12 to 19 years old October 2.
from other applications is Inform consent for participants aged 18Ae19 Second phase:
that teenagers can also years and assent for participants under 18 implementation and access health services.
From years was provided to parents evaluation of CyberWanda the CybeRwanda The willingness to provide valid contact and for 24 months application, adolescent can information for study follow-up.
Intevention: CyberRwanda reporting contraceptive use.
Schematic of the study design:
is a digital intervention for reporting of who have ever Group 1: allocated to cyberwanda facilitated adolescents that combines been pregnant or become .
=2.
story content with access to fathers, and making an HIV Group 2: allocated to cyberwanda sel-service contraceptive orders.
The test for free.
CyberRwanda .
=2.
CyberRwanda can assist was effective in increasing Group 3: allocated to control .
=2.
teens for finding and contraceptive use and Variable: Level of adolescent sexual and accessing information on testing HIV test among reproductive health .
nowledge, intention, selfsocial topics with teenadolescents.
efficacy, social norms, employment, education friendly services, and and trainin.
CyberWanda accepting order Instrument: The instrument was created by the contraceptive products.
researcher himself at stage 1 of the research using interview and discussion methods Analysis: generalized linear mixed model
(GLMM)
(Muthengi Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) Time: The research was The results showed that & Austrian.
Sample: 3.
500 respondents conducted from May 2017 taken were no significant Inclusion criteria:
to December 2018 .
differences between the Adolescent girls class 7 in 2016 study groups .
= 0.
The The school used as a researching location for Intervention: The Nia Nia Program has the class 6 to 7 and minimum occurring adolescents Project is a program to potential to fill gaps in the girl of 25 student provide a package distribution of sanitary Schematic of the study design:
containing ten sanitary napkins to women and Group a: control group .
napkins every month to health education to increase Group b: giving sanitary pads .
adolescent girls and knowledge about sexual and provide education about reproductive health.
It is Group c: reproductive health .
reproductive health.
hoped that this will contribute to guiding policy Group d: giving sanitary pads and makers to combine reproductive health .
menstrual health Variable: Nia intervention, kesejahteraan management programs with remaja, and pengetahuan remaja health education.
Instrument: socio-demographics, education, gender, social assets and networks, self-efficacy, locus-of-control, employment, income.
BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 Author Methods experience of marriage and childbearing, menstrual experience, experience of physical and sexual abuse and violence, reproductive health knowledge.
HIV risk perception and AIDS, sexual behavior Analysis: not mentioned Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) Sample: 4900 respondents Inclusion criteria:
Adolescent girls in class 7 at 2016 in Zambia The adolescents ready to be a respondent for 2 Schematic of the study design:
Group a: control group Group b: the economic which supports paying school fees, financial support to girls every month, and financial support to Group c: the community components for 63 Variable: RISE.
SRHR, and weel-being of adolescent girls Instrument: pregnancies and early marriages, the adoption system, the health system characteristics, and the broader context Analysis: not mentioned Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) Sample: 466 respondents Inclusion criteria:
The adolescents aged 16 to 17 years The adolescent attended high school in East Jakarta Schematic of the study design:
Group a: control group .
Group b: intervenstion .
Variable: CSE.
SEL, journey4life development, and behavior control Instrument: SEL competencies .
elf-awareness.
self-management.
social awareness.
decision makin.
perceived behavioral controls, attitudes, norms, and influencing factors .
ased on Reasoned Action behavior theor.
Analysis: ANOVA (Zulu et al.
(Todesco et , 2.
(Pinandari et , 2023.
Design: quasy Eksperiment Sample: 3.
335 respondents Inclusion criteria:
The school accredited minimum AB Schools are willing to implement the SETARA curriculum Students are in grade 7 in 2018 and have approval from their parents Schematic of the study design:
Groups a: control group .
=1.
Groups b: intervention group .
=1.
124 BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 Intervention Results Time: two years Intervention: AuResearch Initiative to Support the Empowerment of Girls (RISE)Ay aim to reduce adolescent girls pregnancies and marriages through economic support to families and asolescents, as well as adolescent group meetings on reproductive This study documents for relevant values and mechanisms integration for regarding process SRHR interventions at the community level.
The knowledge of mechanisms is essential to guide development of strategies that can effectively facilitate integration processes, improve processes, and sustainable of interventions.
Time: The study consisted of twelve sessions with a duration of 90 minutes over 3Ae5 months Intervention:
Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is an intervention carried out with a curriculum-based teaching and learning process by add a learning framework in the form of socio-emotional learning (SEL) in Indonesia There was nothing significant in this study.
The results analysis variables measured such as perceived behavioral control .
> .
, gender equality attitudes .
> 0.
, socioemotional learning competencies .
> 0.
descriptive norms .
> .
, and intention .
> The conclusion can be drawn about the effectiveness of J4L not statistically significant.
There are various contextual and methodological obstacles that influence design and implementation.
The CSE intervention assessments which are carried out only from statistics alone so that the results are limited.
There was a significant change and value in knowledge about pregnancy prevention in the control group .
=0.
The student received to Teenage World Spirit intervention significantly greater increases in competence, including knowledge about pregnancy.
Time: two years Intervention: The intervention of SEmangaT duniA RemajA (SETARA) regarded sexuality education carried out in classrooms and online due to the Covid-19 outbreak aims to support development of healthy sexuality, improve to health Author Methods Variabel: CSE, sexuality competence, personal sexual well-being Instrument: adaptation of the AoWorld Starts with MeAo curriculum developed by Rutgers Analysis: STATA version 17 Intervention and well-being of adolescents in Indonesia.
(Kakal et al.
Design: mix methode .
ksperiment and Sample: 3417 respondents .
and 45 respondents .
ualittaif: FGD, interview, and key informant intervie.
Inclusion criteria: 15-24 years Schematic of the study design:
Group a: control group .
=1.
Group b: intervention .
=1.
Variabel: GUSO, access to information, knowledge, attitudes Instrument: instruments from the Global Early Adolescent Study and Yes I Do programme Analysis: Stata 15 and coding theme analysis using Nvivo 12 Time: three years Intervention: The Intervention Get Up Speak Out (GUSO) is a program ensures that the younger generation, and especially young women.
They are empowering to realize sexual and reproductive health rights so they can make their own decisions by voicing their rights, increasing access to information, and providing a supportive environment.
(Yakubu et , 2.
Design: RCT (Clustered Randomized Controlled Tria.
Sample: 363 respondents Inclusion criteria:
Research respondents were female students at Tamale City High School.
Northern Ghana Respondent has never been married Participants aged 13-19 years Schematic of the study design:
Group a: control group .
Group b: intervention .
Variable: sexual prohibition, knowledge.
HBM domains, demographics .
ge, economy, class, ethnicity, birth orde.
Time: three years Intervention: educational intervention program is an educational program carried out in Ghana regarding sexual abstinence based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) among adolescent girls in Northern Ghana.
Results good attitudes, and communication compared to control students.
Meanwhile, there was no significant impact on gender roles .
< 0.
There was no influence of intervention on personal sexual wellbeing, except for selfefficacy to prevent Subgroup analysis showed a more significant impact on adolescent girls in Semarang and Denpasar, compared to adolescent boys in Lampung.
There were no significant results on decisions about choosing a partner .
=0.
, decisions about marriage .
=0.
decisions about sex .
=0.
, decisions about using contraception .
=0.
, and use of health services ( p=1.
Even though the results were not significant, there were changes in the intervention group, namely being able to express themselves and expand their decisionmaking about regarding.
However, self-expression is still limited in discussing sexuality because it is considered taboo, especially for adults.
This is influenced by the political and religious climate surrounding SRHR in Uganda which emphasizes sexual abstinence for unmarried young people.
Educational intervention resulted in a significant difference in sexual abstinence between the intervention and control groups with a p value <0.
Educational intervention guided by HBM increased sexual abstinence and adolescent knowledge about pregnancy prevention in the intervention group.
BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 Author (Mbizvo et , 2.
(Namukonda et al.
, 2.
(Renzaho et , 2.
Methods Instrument: six questionnaire items about health belief model, knowledge, intention.
Analysis: SPSS version 24 and ANOVA Design: eksperiment Sample: 986 respondents Inclusion criteria:
The respondents attended school in the Solwezi and Mufumbwe areas due to the high rate of adolescent pregnancies in these The student population, such as age, gender, and pregnancy rates at the school where the research will be conducted, must be comparable to other schools The students' access to health facilities is not far away Aged 15-24 years Schematic of the study design:
Group a: control group Group b: intervention group about CSE Group c: intervention group about CSE and supported to access health services (Health facility workers also receive trainin.
Variable: CSE and access to Health services Instrument: The presence of teachers trained in CSE, government facilities, gender, number of pregnancies each year Analysis: Stata/IC 15.
Design: mix method .
ntervention and kualitati.
Sample: 122 respondents .
Inclusion criteria schools:
The teachers must have been trained in seminars or workshops The students accessed to government health The age/gender distribution of students, geographic residence, number of students and teachers should be comparable The school has recorded at least one pregnancy in the past two years Inclusion criteria respondents:
The participants aged 15-19 years Under 18 years of age by providing written consent before data collection is carried out by parents Variable: knowledge, attitudes, health services.
CSE Instrument: index of CSE knowledge, attitudes and values, sexual behavior, sexual and reproductive health communication with parents, socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics, and experience in utilizing health Analysis: Stata 14.
2 (College Station.
TX.
USA) and theme analysis Design: Clustered Randomized Controlled Trial
(RCT)
Sample: 1.
242 respondents Inclusion criteria:
126 BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 Intervention Results Time: three years Intervention: The comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) carried out in Zambia was carried out to address knowledge gaps and increase access to SRH services to ensure appropriate information, reduce school dropout due to early and unintended pregnancies (EUP).
There was a significant reduction in pregnancies at school in the second intervention group which showed a more significant reduction by recording 74% of pregnancies at the end of the study .
<0.
and group 3 which recorded 34% of pregnancies .
<0.
The result was no significant decrease noted in the control group.
Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) related to access to health services and information about sexual and reproductive health.
The adolescent needed this so that it can reduce pregnancy rates among teenagers and provide a higher opportunity to reduce teenagers dropping out of school in Zambia.
There are differences in results on knowledge, attitudes and SRH values between male respondents .
=0.
and female respondents .
,0.
Significant differences also occurred in behavioral characteristics in accessing health services .
<0.
Alternative service delivery models that directly link school-based CSE activities with SRH services must be implemented both within the school environment and in the community.
Time: three years Intervention: The comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is combination with health services to decrease adolescent pregnancy, child marriage, and sexual risk taking.
Time: four years Intervention: The Urban Program on Livelihoods and Income Fortification and Socio-civic There was a decrease in sexual relations in the treatment group after intervention by 11% .
<0.
and consent to Author Methods The group most vulnerable aged between 13 and 24 years identified as to poverty, deprivation, abuse and exploitation The research was conducted in Makindye and Nakawa.
Uganda Schematic of the study design:
Initial stage: intervention group, 512 respondents, and control group, 151 Follow-up stage: intervention group 456 respondents and control 123 respondents Variable: UPLIFT, public awareness, employability, sexual and reproductive rights Instrument: sexual behavior, sexual awareness/violence, sexual and reproductive Analysis: Stata version 14 (StataCorp.
College Station.
TX.
USA).
Intervention Transformation (UPLIFT) aims to improve young people's SRHR, employability, community engagement, and disability inclusion, and to increase awareness of existing laws and policies regarding risk behavior and child protection, implemented through various youth and empowerment Results sexual relations by 59% .
<0.
There was an increase in knowledge regarding access to contraceptive use .
se of condoms, pills.
IUDs, or implant.
<0.
, knowledge about HIV/AIDS transmission through pregnant women by 61% .
<0.
, and an increase in carrying out HIV/AIDS tests 44% .
<0.
This study highlights the impact of intervention on many aspects of SRHR, including specific cultural beliefs and social norms regarding gender-based Discussion The adolescent can express themselves regarding sexual and reproductive health rights depending on age, gender, and relationship status, support from people around them .
eers and parent.
, and prevailing social norms (Kakal et al.
, 2022.
The increasing availability and ease of access on social media are good methods for conveying information to promote sexual and reproductive health rights among adolescents (Njogu et al.
, 2.
The need for appropriate interventions to change social norms around SRHR to address structural factors such as access to health and education services, laws, and policies (Malhotra et al.
, 2.
The interventions appropriate can be done by providing educational interventions on sexual reproductive health and economic support to reduce teenage pregnancy, marriage, and school dropout.
The educational intervention program given to adolescents based on the health belief model theory significantly increased sexual abstinence in the intervention group (Yakubu et al.
The adolescent who chooses not to have premarital sexual relations because they know the negative impacts of this, such as pregnancy, infectious diseases, and dropping out of school.
The chatbot application intervention was also associated with improved outcomes related to participants' ability to exercise their sexual rights, confidence in discussing contraception with sexual partners, and confidence in sharing sexual information with sexual partners (Njogu et al.
The Nia Project provides sanitary napkins for teenage girls and provides training to teachers on the use and disposal of sanitary napkins (Muthengi & Austrian, 2018.
The parents expressed difficulty discussing sex and contraception with their children, citing lack of knowledge, discomfort, and lack of time (Guilamo-Ramos et al.
, 2.
The community-based health system aims to strengthen sexual and reproductive health by facilitating access among adolescents and inviting parents and the community to take part in helping to reduce health challenges related to SRHR.
Research conducted in Ethiopia among adolescents shows that community-based health systems can play an important role in expanding contraceptive use (Tilahun et al.
, 2.
In low- and middle-income countries, the community-based health system (CBHS) approach is promising in providing better sexual and reproductive health services for (Mulubwa et al.
, 2.
Previous research reported that although comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) had been implemented in the education system with parental support, the material presented was deemed not to be in accordance with norms so much of it was censored (Nyimbili et al.
, 2.
Additionally, information about sexual and reproductive health provided in schools through CSE BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 programs is not enough to motivate adolescents to seek SRH services for fear of poor treatment from health care providers and invasion of privacy (Namukonda et al.
, 2.
The adolescents have limited means to implement some of the practices or behaviors promoted by the CSE curriculum because of the lack of access to health services without access.
The intervention program carried out in Zambia, apart from implementing a comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) program, also provides modifications such as encouraging teenagers to access health services and collaborating with the Zambian Ministry of Health (MoH).
MoGE, and adolescents in the Christian Association.
The significant reduction in early pregnancies and unwanted pregnancies at school after the CSE intervention was carried out with support from health facilities (Mbizvo et al.
, 2.
The pregnancy is an indicator that teenagers are having sex without a condom, thereby increasing the risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases.
The studies show that CSE has great potential to provide young people with the information needed to reduce misinformation and improve their ability to make safe choices about sexual and reproductive health to prevent unintended pregnancies (Hindin et al.
, 2.
The Community-based interventions program in Indonesia collaboration with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education and Culture, is a mandatory program implemented through academic subjects.
The Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) has been proven effective in increasing knowledge and attitudes towards sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR) among adolescents, although there is still little evidence regarding the results of behavior change (Montgomery & Knerr, 2.
Therefore, additional frameworks such as socioemotional learning (SEL) are needed to be combined with comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) to increase adolescent awareness, manage emotions, and make responsible decisions (Todesco et al.
, 2.
The positive impact of sexuality education on knowledge about sexual and reproductive health in adolescents can help them make healthy decisions about sex.
The Get Up Speak Out (GUSO) intervention carried out in Uganda showed results in increasing knowledge and relationship status (Kakal et al.
, 2022.
Adolescent men have sexual relations without coercion, in contrast to young women who make the decision to have sex if their partner does not use a condom, is not clean, and is able to provide money or goods (Van Eerdewijk et al.
, 2.
The adolescent men said that thanks to the GUSO program, they understand more about the use of contraception, and adolescent women will end their relationship if their partner does not use contraception to avoid disease transmission and prevent pregnancy (Kakal et al.
, 2022.
Digital health interventions are becoming increasingly popular.
there is little evidence regarding the effectiveness of these interventions in facilitating changes in adolescent health behavior, but they can increase adolescents' knowledge (WHO, 2.
The adolescent behavior regarding sexual and reproductive activities does not only focus on preventing activities or providing education, but also on preventing risks such as unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases.
CyberRwanda aims to increase teenagers' knowledge about the use of modern contraception and offers confidential ordering of contraceptive products via the app to provide youth-friendly services.
CyberWanda's intervention not only provides information about sexual and reproductive health education but also facilitates referrals to public health facilities and provides online ordering of health products (Nolan et al.
, 2.
Various interventions have been carried out so that teenagers can engage in risky sexual prevention behavior.
Apart from teenagers, various parties are involved, such as health workers, families, schools, and the The limitations of this study are that the research was conducted in various countries so that the respondents studied had different geographical locations, ethnicities, and customs.
CONCLUSION
This study describes SRHR interventions that have been implemented and modified to maximize outcomes and adapt to the needs of adolescents in each country to significantly improve 128 BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Volume 11 Number 1.
February 2026 outcomes.
The younger generation is expected not only increase their knowledge, but also to be able to maximize the use of health services, be able to carry out healthy behavior, and be able to make their own decisions.
The findings of this review provide several insights into problems that occur in adolescents to be useful for adapting existing interventions.
In addition, it is hoped that this research can provide input for parents, teachers, health workers , and the government in providing interventions and expanding their understanding of what can be done more effectively regarding SRHR for adolescents.
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