Nursing Journal Volume x.
Issue x.
Page 153-157 e-ISSN: 2354-6050 https://ejurnal.
id/index.
php/JKep/article/view/x DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
32668/jkep.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND BLOOD
PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS IN ELDERLY WOMEN WITH A HISTORY
OF HYPERTENSION
1st Yeni Candra Tiyaswati1 2 Mia Fatma Ekasari 3rd Raden Siti Maryam3 4th Siti Badriah 5th Puspita Hanggit Lestari Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Jakarta i Jatiwarna.
Bekasi.
West Java email: raden.
maryam@poltekkesjakarta3.
Keywords:
Elderly Hypertension Sleep Quality Abstract The elderly population is particularly vulnerable to various health issues, including sleep disturbances and hypertension.
Poor sleep quality can lead to increased blood pressure by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system and elevating stress hormones.
This study explored the relationship between sleep quality and blood pressure among elderly women with hypertension.
This study uses a quantitative method with an analytical descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach.
The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling with a sample of 67 elderly women with hypertension.
The instruments used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to measure sleep quality and a digital sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure.
The data analysis in this study used the Chi-Square Most of the elderly had poor sleep quality as many as 50 elderly .
and degree II hypertension as many as 44 elderly people .
7%).
The results of statistical tests showed a significant relationship between sleep quality and blood pressure in elderly women with hypertension, as evidenced by obtaining a p-value of 0.
000 (<0.
Poor sleep quality in people with hypertension can lead to memory impairment, cognitive abilities, and decreased health.
It is hoped that the role of the family and the community health center will be to carry out monitoring and evaluation and motivate the elderly to control blood pressure and sleep regularly.
Received: July 2025 Accepted: October 2025 Published: November 2025 A year The Authors.
Published by Published Jurusan Keperawatan.
Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Jakarta i.
This is Open Access article under the CC-BY-SA License .
ttp://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by-sa/4.
0/).
DOI:
https://doi.
org/10.
32668/jkep.
INTRODUCTION
Law Number 13 of 1998 states that the elderly are someone over 60 years old.
According to WHO, in 2025 the number of elderly people in the world will reach 1.
billion and this number will increase to 2 billion by Based on the 2023 Indonesian Population Census, nearly 12% or around 29 million Indonesians are already classified as elderly.
The Central Statistics Agency projects that Jakarta will have 1.
2 million elderly people by 2025.
The largest elderly population in DKI Jakarta is East Jakarta with a population of 250.
thousand elderly people in 20222.
As they age, the elderly will experience various health problems, one of which is sleep disorders.
The efficiency of sleep time in the elderly is decreasing so that it does not achieve adequate sleep quality and will cause various kinds of sleep complaints.
At night, these elderly people often wake up and usually wake up too early, causing the elderly to experience poor sleep Several factors can affect sleep quality, such as age, activities performed, diseases suffered4.
In 2020.
WHO reports that approximately 18% of the global population experiences insomnia and this number continues to rise to one-third of the population.
Indonesia, around 67% of the elderly aged 65 years and older are estimated to also experience insomnia 5.
(Sakti et al.
, 2.
Poor sleep quality can increase hormones that affect stress, namely the hormone cortisol and brain JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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November 2025.
Page 153-157 e-ISSN: 2354-6050 activity, especially in the sympathetic nervous system.
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire.
making people with hypertension more susceptible to The PSQI questionnaire has been used in research to relapse of high blood pressure .
measure a person's sleep quality.
The questionnaire consists of 18 questions across seven components: sleep Epidemiological surveillance by the DKI Jakarta duration, sleep latency, sleep disturbances, sleep Provincial Health Office, it shows that the majority of efficiency, use of sleeping medication, subjective sleep hypertension patients in DKI Jakarta province in 2024 quality, daytime dysfunction and using a digital will be women, namely 66.
9% compared to 33.
1% men.
sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure.
The prevalence of hypertension at the Cakung Health Center in April-May 2025 reached 1,164 and most of The research began by identifying respondents them were women as many as 729 people, this is according to the inclusion criteria.
The researcher then because elderly women experience a menopausal phase explained the purpose and objectives of the study, after which causes a decrease in estrogen hormones which which if the respondents agree, they will sign an can affect psychological conditions such as unstable informed consent.
Data analysis used the chi-square test emotions and anxiety, this is what makes elderly women to analyze the correlation between variables.
This more susceptible to suffering from hypertension than research has ethical approval from Poltekkes Jakarta i with number DP.
03/F.
XIX.
13/3476/2025.
It was shown that most of the elderly in the elderly RESULTS AND DISCUSSION posyandu in Cipaku village had poor sleep quality as Table 1.
Distribution of Elderly Characteristics .
many as 96 respondents .
0%) and stage 1 hypertension as many as 59 people .
2%) so that poor Characteristics of the Elderly sleep quality is linked to an increased risk of developing high blood pressure with pvalue 0.
000 (<0.
Poor sleep quality in people with hypertension can lead to memory impairment, cognitive abilities, and decreased This, if it occurs over a long period of time, will Age 60 Ae 69 Years Old Ou70 Years Education Level Poor (Elementary.
Junior Hig.
High (Senior High.
Universit.
Work Status Not working Working have an impact on an increase in high blood pressure that can cause to heart attacks, strokes, and psychological problems such as depression and other emotional disorders9.
History of Hypertension in Family Yes
METHOD
This study used quantitative methods.
The research It shows that the majority of respondents are 60 Ae 69 design was descriptive analytical with a cross-sectional years old, namely 55 .
1%), this is in line with the This research was conducted in April-May research that the majority of respondents aged 60 Ae 70 2025 at the Cakung District Health Center.
East Jakarta.
years are a total of 92 .
4%)8.
As we age, the body The sample in this study amounted to 67 elderly undergoes physiological changes that affect the function hypertension patients who were selected using of the heart, blood vessels, and hormones.
In the elderly, purposive sampling techniques.
Data collection in this the walls of the arteries thicken due to the accumulation study was conducted using primary data through the of collagen substances so that blood vessels narrow and JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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This can increase the risk of e-ISSN: 2354-6050 Table 3.
Distribution of Frequency Based on Blood Pressure in Elderly Women with Hypertension .
Variable The majority of respondents in this study had a low level Blood Pressure Hypertension Grade I .
-159/90-99 mmH.
of education, 42 .
7%) and the same with the result that the majority of respondents have the last elementary Hypertension Grade II (Ou160/100mmH.
education of 47 .
7%).
Low education can affect awareness and knowledge about health4.
A person with a low level of education generally has a limited The results of the study showed that most respondents understanding of blood pressure management, so the had 44 .
7%) degree II hypertension, this is the same elderly with low education are more at risk of with the research that most respondents have 26 .
developing hypertension.
hypertension 26 .
3%).
There are several factors that can cause hypertension in the elderly, such as age, health Most of the respondents are not working, which is as conditions, and lifestyle12.
In this study, it was found much as 60 .
6%).
Parents who don't work tend to that several elderly people with hypertension admitted have a sedentary lifestyle, which can affect sleep quality that they were stressed thinking about their illness and and blood pressure.
In addition, a person who is not said they lacked sleep because they often woke up at working may have more time to rest, but may also experience stress or loneliness that can affect sleep Table 4.
The Relationship between Sleep Quality and Blood Pressure in Elderly Women with Hypertension Table 2.
Distribution of Frequency Based on Sleep Quality .
Variable Sleep Quality Good Bad .
Blood Pressure Sleep Degree Quality It was shown that most respondents had poor sleep Good quality, which was as much as 50 .
6%).
The same as Poor previous research, the results showed that the majority Total of respondents were in the poor sleep quality category.
Degree Total Value .
% CI) 0,00 .
which was as much as 53 .
8%).
As we age, the efficiency of sleep time decreases so that it does not Table 4 shows that there is a significant connection achieve adequate sleep quality and will cause sleep between sleep quality and changes in blood pressure in The elderly experience poor sleep quality elderly women who have high blood pressure .
<0.
because they often wake up at night and wake up too People who have poor sleep quality are 8.
5 times more Poor sleep quality can increase the hormone likely to develop grade II hypertension than older adults cortisol and sympathetic nervous system activity so that who have good sleep quality.
The results of interviews it can cause hypertension6.
using the PSQI questionnaire showed that most elderly people had poor sleep quality due to poor sleep duration.
JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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complained of stress, did not feel sleepy, often woke up to the bathroom and felt pain
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT