International Journal of Health and Medicine E-ISSN: 3047-793X P-ISSN: 3047-7948 Research/Review Evaluation of Resources Development and Installation Techniques to Reduce Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Women Victims of Domestic Violence: A Single Case Study Yudi Kurniawan 1*, Agung Santoso Pribadi2, Vriska Putri Rakhmasari3 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Semarang, Indonesia; yudikurniawan@usm.ac.id 2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Semarang, Indonesia; agung84@usm.ac.id 3 Soepardjo Roestam Regional Eye Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia; vriskaputrirakhmasari@gmail.com * Corresponding Author : Yudi Kurniawan 1 Received: September 16, 2025; Revised: September 30, 2025; Accepted: October 29, 2025; Published: October 31, 2025; Curr. Ver.: October 31, 2025. Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Submitted for possible open access publication under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY SA) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the Resource Development and Installation (RDI) technique to reduce symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in female victims of domestic violence. Domestic violence (which falls under the category of intimate partner violence/IPV) is a global public health problem that contributes significantly to women's mental health disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent systematic evidence shows a strong association between various forms of IPV and adverse mental health outcomes in women, with large variations in prevalence across contexts. Resource Development and Installation (RDI) is a psychological stabilization procedure within EMDR aimed at generating positive resources in individuals exposed to traumatic experiences. The research method used in this study was multiple baseline with a single case (single case research), namely research conducted on subjects with the aim of determining the magnitude of the effect of treatment given repeatedly over a certain period. This study involved three adult female participants who experienced trauma symptoms due to violence perpetrated by an intimate partner in a domestic context. The data analysis technique used in this study was visual inspection by comparing changes in trauma scores in respondents between the baseline and intervention phases. Trauma symptoms were measured using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). There was a decrease in HTQ scores from an average of 2.9 (presence of PTSD symptoms) before the intervention to 2.1 (minimal). Resources Development and Installation were effective in reducing trauma symptoms in female victims of violence. This was evident in the decrease in trauma symptom scores between before and after the provision of Resources Development and Installation to female victims of violence. Keywords:EMDR; IPV; Multiple Baseline; PTSD; RDI. 1. Introduction Domestic violence (which include the category of intimate partner violence/IPV) is a global public health problem that significantly contributes to mental health disorders in women, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent systematic evidence demonstrates a strong association between various forms of IPV and adverse mental health outcomes in women, with significant variation in prevalence across contexts (White et al., 2024). Several field studies report high rates of PTSD symptoms in female victims of IPV. For example, a mixed-methods study in a victim services facility reported that a PTSD diagnosis was maintained in 40 of 67 participants (59.7%). These findings confirm that PTSD is a common clinical consequence in the domestic violence victim population (Roland et al., 2024). Clinically, PTSD in IPV victims is often complex (combined with dysfunctional emotion regulation, interpersonal relationship problems, and comorbid depression or anxiety), and therefore not always effectively treated with a single approach. A recent literature review emphasizes that PTSD is a heterogeneous disorder that requires a combination of stabilization DOI : https://doi.org/10.62951/ijhm.v2i4.535 https://international.arikesi.or.id/index.php/IJHM International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 33 of 42 interventions, adaptive capacity building, and, where appropriate, focused trauma processing therapy (Burback et al., 2024). Based on interviews conducted by researchers with psychologists at the Integrated Service Unit for the Protection of Women and Children in Semarang City, data showed that the initial counseling process for victims is often hampered by emotional instability. This makes it difficult for female victims of violence to make decisions and resolve their problems. Victims frequently change their minds and experience negative emotions. Feelings of depression, fear, and confusion about the future are common complaints among victims. Victims also frequently re-access memories of the violent incident. Some of these symptoms are part of post-traumatic stress disorder, which, if left untreated, can negatively impact victims' mental health. Traumatic events do not always develop into disorders. Chronological age and maturity are factors that influence how a person copes with traumatic events in their life (Davey, 2008) .However, as previously explained, individuals with limited coping capacity, as well as conditions where individuals are repeatedly or continuously exposed, increase the risk of developing broader mental health problems, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (Fuadi, 2012). One intervention that can be used to treat trauma is exposure techniques (Durand & Barlow, 2012). Exposure aims to reduce and eliminate reactions to traumatic events or objects. Through a series of studies and comparisons, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies has recognized Eye Movement Desentization and Reprocessing (EMDR) as a therapy with a strong evidence base for treating trauma. In EMDR practice and the broader trauma-informed approach, the Resource Development and Installation (RDI) procedure and its variations (e.g., Instant Resource Installation/IRI) are used in the preparation/stabilization phase to strengthen the client's adaptive memory network and integrative capacity before engaging in traumatic memory processing. The primary goal of RDI is to increase affective tolerance, a sense of safety, and access to positive experiences or internal/external resources, thus making trauma processing safer and more effective (Hase & Brisch, 2022). EMDR is recognized as a therapy that is equally effective in helping research respondents with trauma issues. EMDR is a comprehensive and multidimensional approach that utilizes various individual modalities to process various aspects of experience (Sarid & Huss, 2010), such as cognitive aspects, emotions, and bodily sensations. EMDR therapy emphasizes processing information from memory networks containing images, sensations, emotions, thoughts, voices, and beliefs. EMDR is considered efficient in treating trauma cases because research respondents are not required to perform tasks outside of therapy sessions. Furthermore, with EMDR, research respondents are not required to recount their trauma in detail, a traumatic event that can trigger distress for them. Furthermore, all research respondents' memories and perceptions are valid and can be processed regardless of whether the event is true or false (Wilson et al., 2012). Several studies on EMDR therapy have shown positive progress in traumatized respondents with relatively short sessions (2-4 sessions), and in some cases, PTSD symptoms have significantly reduced after just one session. Although considered relatively safe due to the absence of direct confrontation with traumatic material, reprocessing traumatic memories can have detrimental emotional, physical, and psychological effects if the respondents' positive resources and coping abilities are not sufficiently strong (Wilson et al., 2012). To achieve these abilities, respondents can be prepared by providing stabilization, one of the stages/phases in trauma management. The basic principles of trauma management are divided into three phases: stabilization, resolution of the traumatic experience, and reintegration and rehabilitation. Research by Korn and Leeds also indicates that increasing internal resources can help reduce or even eliminate traumatic symptoms. Treatment of trauma cases, especially complex trauma, should emphasize a sense of safety and stabilization before confronting the traumatic material. EMDR also establishes a stabilization phase as one of the stages in therapy, aimed at developing affective coping skills and increasing positive thinking, which will assist in subsequent stages (Wilson et al., 2012). Resource Development and Installation (RDI) is a psychological stabilization procedure within EMDR aimed at awakening positive resources in individuals exposed to traumatic experiences. In the RDI procedure, research participants also learn to create a safe place, combined with bilateral stimulation, to increase feelings of calm. Through RDI, positive memories about themselves are revived and strengthened, ultimately replacing negative thoughts from previous traumatic experiences. This helps children feel safe, capable, and calmer. The use of International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 34 of 42 RDI offers benefits by enhancing positive/functional memories, and RDI can even help reduce symptoms of disorders arising from trauma (Sumera, 2013). Based on this explanation, researchers observed problems in the initial treatment and counseling process for women victims of violence. Victims still experience negative emotions and symptoms of PTSD. The RDI technique can be a psychological intervention to reduce PTSD symptoms in victims. Therefore, researchers were interested in measuring the effectiveness of the RDI technique in reducing PTSD symptoms in female victims of violence. Although RDI is widely recommended in practice guidelines and case reports, strong quantitative empirical evidence—particularly controlled trials in populations of female victims of IPV—is limited. Initial studies and case reports indicate a promising stabilization effect, but further systematic research is needed to evaluate whether RDI specifically reduces PTSD symptoms in female victims of violence compared to, or in addition to, other interventions (Korn & Leeds, 2002). Given the effectiveness and efficiency of the EMDR intervention, researchers used the resource development and installation (RDI) technique as a psychological stabilization phase to help develop feelings of safety and increase positive resources. The RDI technique was implemented considering that in the treatment of developmental and complex trauma, children's capacities and positive experiences that can be used as resources are still limited (Hornsveld et al., 2011). RDI is expected to develop positive resources, thereby increasing feelings of safety and self-control, thereby helping to reduce developmental trauma symptoms. 2. Literature Review Posttraumatica Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a type of anxiety disorder that stems from a traumatic event that includes death or life-threatening injury, serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of an individual or others (APA, 2013). PTSD is a disorder with several clusters of symptoms that can develop following an extreme traumatic experience (APA, 2013). According to Durand and Barlow (2012), PTSD is a response to an event that causes feelings of helplessness and distress for both the individual experiencing it and those who witness it. Traumatic events can be categorized based on the number of incidents and the intensity of their occurrence (Davey, 2008). Based on the number of incidents, traumatic events can be single trauma or repeated trauma. Traumatic events can also be continuous trauma. Meanwhile, based on the intention of occurrence, traumatic events can be divided into: (1) intentional human events, (2) unintentional human events, and (3) natural disasters (Vernberg et al., 2008). Events included in single trauma are certain events that only occur once, such as natural disasters, accidents, and criminal violence. Meanwhile, repeated trauma or ongoing trauma are traumatic events that occur more than once, such as violence that is carried out continuously or repeatedly. Intentional human events are types of events that occur because of the intention of a party to carry out such actions, these events can be in the form of violence, crime, terrorism, or threats. Meanwhile, unintentional human events are events such as traffic accidents, technological accidents, fires. Meanwhile, natural disasters are events that occur due to natural causes such as earthquakes, tsunamis, or floods. A traumatic event can be viewed from various perspectives, just as the type of repeated or ongoing trauma is also an intentional event by humans. Repeated or ongoing trauma usually occurs between two individuals, individuals with groups, or between groups. Trauma that falls into the category of events that are intentionally inflicted by humans is a traumatic event that has the worst impact and is more difficult to handle (Davidson, 2010), this experience is also often referred to as complex trauma. The following is the consensus result for the diagnostic criteria for developmental trauma, as outlined in the proposed developmental trauma disorder diagnosis in the DSM-V (APA, 2013). 1. Exposure: Direct experience or witnessing of repeated or severe interpersonal violence. 2. Dysregulation of affect and physiology a. Inability to regulate, tolerate, or return to a state of calm after exposure to conditions that evoke extreme affect (such as fear, anger, shame), which includes extreme or sustained tantrums that can also lead to immobilization. International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 35 of 42 b. Problems regulating bodily functions (e.g., persistent disturbances in sleep, eating, and elimination; overreactivity or underreactivity to touch and sound; difficulty transitioning between routine tasks). c. Loss of awareness/disassociation of sensations, emotions, or bodily states. d. Inability to express emotions or describe bodily states. 3. Attention and behavioral dysregulation 4. Self- and relationship dysregulation a. Inability to regulate empathy, as evidenced by a lack of empathy or intolerance, feeling the same problems as others, or feeling excessively responsible for others' problems. Resources Development and Installation Resource Development and Installation (RDI) was first introduced by Leeds and is used in the preparation phase of EMDR. It aims to develop affect regulation skills, access positive and adaptive resources, and increase the capacity to cope with anxiety and strong negative feelings that may be experienced during EMDR therapy (Wilson et al., 2012). The term "installation" in RDI has the same meaning as the term "positive thought installation" in the EMDR phase. RDI stabilization aims to enable research respondents to identify positive memories so that these positive memory networks can be strengthened. A strengthened positive memory network will help research respondents develop positive resources within themselves. By strengthening the positive memory network, experiences containing negative images, sensations, feelings, and beliefs will become less vague and invalid if positive images, sensations, feelings, and beliefs are strengthened and enhanced (Shapiro, 2019). In the RDI stabilization technique, respondents' positive memories are used in visualization (visual imagery). While participants visualize, they also receive or receive bilateral stimulation. The purpose of bilateral stimulation is to increase the association or connection between dissociative (low-association) memories. During the intervention, the therapist/intervention provider can use information about the respondent's history, current social, and personal resources to help identify their resources. These resources are grouped into three types: 1) Proud experiences associated with positive affect and feelings. If these proud experiences cannot be identified, an attempt is made to find other resources. 2) Relational resources. The respondent is asked to recall someone who effectively handled the situation or who possessed desirable qualities. The respondent can be asked to identify someone they see as a good person or supportive figure, currently or in the past. 3) Metaphors and symbols. The child is asked to imagine positive images. Hypothesis The hypothesis in this study is that there is a difference in PTSD scores in female victims of violence before and after the RDI intervention. PTSD scores before and after the RDI intervention are lower than those before the RDI intervention. 3. Proposed Method Research Variables a. Dependent Variable: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) b. Independent Variable: Resource Development and Installation Intervention Operational Definition The operational definition of PTSD is a score obtained from the 40-item Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. The aspects examined are intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal. PTSD scores will be measured using the 40-item Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. RDI is an intervention technique that involves identifying positive memories to strengthen these positive memory networks. A strengthened positive memory network will help research respondents develop positive internal resources. By strengthening the positive memory network, experiences containing negative images, sensations, feelings, and beliefs will become less vague and invalid if the positive images, sensations, feelings, and beliefs are strengthened and enhanced. In the RDI stabilization technique, the respondent's positive memories are used in visualization (visual imagery). While the participant is visualizing, they also receive bilateral International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 36 of 42 stimulation. The purpose of bilateral stimulation is to increase the association or connection between dissociative (low-association) memories. During the intervention, the therapist/intervention provider can use information about the respondent's history, current social, and personal resources to help identify their resources. Respondents and Research Location The criteria for respondents in this study were: a. Women who experienced violence in domestic settings (physical, psychological, verbal, and/or sexual) b. Have experienced repeated acts of violence c. Have a high to moderate PTSD score Respondents in this study were selected using non-random sampling, meaning they are not representative of the general population due to the unique clinical case categories, the difficulty of obtaining a large sample, and the need for in-depth investigation. In accordance with the research context, the respondents were women who were victims of violence. Members of the control and experimental groups were determined using screening and matching techniques. The research location will be the Integrated Service Unit for the Protection of Women and Children in Semarang City. The research is located at Jl. Dr. Soetomo 19A, Semarang City. This location was chosen because it is convenient for the researcher, who already has a relationship with the Integrated Service Unit for the Protection of Women and Children in Semarang City. Research Design The design used in this study was single-subject research, which aims to determine the effect of repeated treatments over a period of time (Neuman, 2014). Single-subject research aims to determine the effect of repeated treatments over a period of time. This research design employed multiple baselines on different individuals. A pre-test was administered before the intervention. The respondents' PTSD levels were measured using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Respondents with moderate to high PTSD scores were recruited into the experimental group. Follow-up was conducted to assess the effects of the RDI therapy. Data Collection Techniques Data collection in this study was conducted through interviews, observation, and psychological scales. PTSD variables were measured using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. The scale uses four response alternatives: never, rarely, somewhat often, and often. The scoring range for each item ranges from 1 to 4. A score of 1 corresponds to never, a score of 2 corresponds to rarely, a score of 3 corresponds to somewhat often, and a score of 4 corresponds to often. The lowest possible score for respondents is 40, and the highest possible score is 160. The higher the score, the higher the level of PTSD. The researcher then categorizes the scores into three categories: low, medium, and high. Intervention Details Some of the tools and materials used are as follows: a. Informed consent. This document contains research procedures and guarantees confidentiality of respondents' identities during therapy. Respondents are asked to complete the consent form and participate voluntarily. b. HTQ (Question Questionnaire) c. RDI (Research Inquiry) technique module, which contains a complete explanation of therapy procedures as a guide for therapists. Each unit and session includes an explanation, objectives, procedures, methods, time, equipment, and materials. d. Respondent worksheets, which can be used as therapy guidelines for respondents, as well as a medium for psychoeducation, sharing, and reflection. e. Observation guides for each session used by observers, containing several assessment indicators representing the facility, therapy process, therapy quality, and the respondent's condition. International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 37 of 42 f. Therapy process evaluation sheet Intervention Procedures Table 1. Intervention Procedures. Session 1 Time 10 minutes 1 10 minutes 1 50 minutes 1 50 minutes 2 50 minutes 2 50 minutes 3 45 minutes Activity Introduction to respondents training research Measuring the knowledge aspects of research respondents using pre-tests Objectives To create a warm atmosphere, foster cohesiveness among research respondents, and foster a friendly atmosphere within the group. so that researchers can obtain information regarding the abilities of research respondents regarding the training material that children are given. Presentation of material and cases related to early detection of psychological problems, trauma, and stabilization of victims of violence. Stabilization of trauma in victims of violence using roleplay techniques and case simulations (deep breathing, grounding). To ensure that training research respondents understand the concept of early detection of psychological problems, trauma, and stabilization. Stabilizing trauma victims of violence using role-play techniques and case simulations (resource activation techniques and problem drawing) Discussion and evaluation with research respondents Training respondents completed post-test measurements and training closures so that training research respondents are able to carry out and apply early detection and stabilization for victims of violence. To ensure that training research respondents are able to conduct and apply early detection and stabilization techniques to victims of violence. to obtain feedback from training research respondents. to measure changes in respondents' trauma scores between before and after the stabilization implementation. Data Analysis The main data analysis technique used in this study is a quantitative approach with visual inspection analysis to see changes in trauma scores experienced by research respondents. 4. Results and Discussion Research Results The intervention provided in this study was the Resources Development and Installation (RDI) technique. The trauma assessment process for respondents was conducted twice, on June 25 and 28, 2019, at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children in Semarang City. The intervention process was carried out three times, on July 2, 5, and 16, 2019. The facilitator in this Resources Development and Installation was a clinical psychologist assisted by the researcher. The explanation of the therapy process is as follows: Assessment Process I (June 25, 2019) In this meeting, researchers observed and recorded participant characteristics based on initial information from the support team for female victims of violence at UPTD PPA. The researchers, assisted by a team of psychologists at UPTD PPA, administered the HTQ scale to four victims of violence. The HTQ scale serves as a tool to detect trauma symptoms in victims. The study respondents were victims of violence who fell into the category of ≥ 2.5. Based on the assessment results, the researchers identified one victim with trauma symptoms with an HTQ score of 2.7. The trauma category of the study respondents was determined based on the categories established by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM V): International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 38 of 42 Table 2. Harvard Trauma Questionnaire Category. HTQ Score ≥2,5 <2,5 Category Having trauma symtomps Inadequate trauma symptoms Assessment II and Baseline Determination (June 28, 2019) In the second assessment, researchers met individually with three female victims of violence. They conducted interviews based on the HTQ to determine whether the respondents exhibited trauma symptoms. Based on observations and the results of the HTQ scale, researchers found that two respondents were experiencing trauma symptoms. Based on these results, three victims met the criteria for RDI intervention. Table 3. Initial Assessment and Screening Results. Date 25 Juni 2019 28 Juni 2019 Baseline II Baseline III Participants HTQ Score A 2,6 B 1,8 C 2,1 D 1,9 E 2,1 F 2,7 G 2,8 A (I) 2,7 F (II) 2,8 G (III) 2,7 A (I) 2,9 F (II) 2,6 G (III) 2,7 Psychological Intervention Session I (July 2, 2019) The first psychological intervention session was attended by three respondents. In this first meeting, the therapy was conducted by two psychologists, acting as therapist and cotherapist. The first session was a process of building trust between the therapist and the respondents. Using emoticons, the therapist asked the respondents to describe their current emotions. Six basic emotions were provided: anger, sadness, happiness, disgust, fear, and surprise. All respondents chose more than two expressions, all of which were considered negative. All five respondents experienced sadness and anger predominantly. After expressing their emotions, the respondents were asked to rate their emotions on a scale ranging from 0 for happiness to 10 for extreme sadness. All respondents scored higher than 5 on the scale, indicating that they experienced significant negative emotions. The next step was a group emotional expression activity using images. Respondents were given A3-sized drawing paper and colored markers. Respondents were then asked to divide the paper into four sections, each section consisting of a specific topic: a picture of what makes them happy, a picture of what they like, a picture of what they fear, and a picture of what makes them strong. After drawing, respondents were asked to describe the emotions they felt. Other Resources Development and Installation participants provided feedback to the participants who were explaining. Intervention Process II (July 5, 2019) The second intervention session focused on continuing the process of expressing emotions through drawing. Respondents were asked to express their feelings through drawing. During the process, other respondents were asked to provide support as they expressed their negative emotions. The therapist then provided breathing and muscle relaxation to all re- International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 39 of 42 spondents to teach them breathing and emotional management skills. These skills are important because respondents have children and need emotional stability in the parenting process. The next session included emotional stabilization relaxation and techniques useful in stressful situations. The education provided explained that everyone experiences challenges, but it's best not to despair, as behind trials there is always wisdom and happiness. The final session focused on discovering the benefits of Resource Development and Installation and providing information on the long-term effects of trauma. The goal was to help respondents understand what to do if a similar event recurs. The therapist explained that trauma is an episode that can lead to relapses of similar feelings or emotions. Then, the therapist provided motivation and provided reminders of techniques to use when trauma symptoms recur. Each respondent's trauma symptoms were compared before treatment (pre-test) and after treatment (post-test) using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Individual comparisons were reflected in increases or decreases, presented in tables or graphs. The results for each respondent are as follows: Table 4. Overall HTQ Score Results. Respondents I Session I Session II Score Category Score Category Score Category 2,1 Inadequate trauma 2,3 Inadequate trauma 2,2 Inadequate trauma symptoms II 2,1 symptoms Inadequate trauma 2,2 symptoms III Session III 2,1 Inadequate trauma Inadequate trauma symptoms 2,4 symptoms 2,1 symptoms Inadequate trauma Inadequate trauma symptoms 2,1 symptoms Inadequate trauma symptoms Visual Inspection 3.5 3 2.5 2.9 2.62.7 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.72.82.6 2.4 2.12.2 Subjek I Subjek II 2.72.7 2.12.12.1 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Baseline I Baseline II Baseline III Subjek III Intervensi I Intervensi II Intervensi III Graphic 1 .Visual Inspection of Trauma Scores in Women Victims of Violence. The post-test scores in the graphic above show that all research respondents experienced a decrease in trauma symptom scores after being given intervention in the form of Resources Development and Installation. Discussion This study aims to reduce trauma symptoms in female victims of violence. This study used a single-subject approach and a multiple baseline cross-subject design. Violence against women can be defined as acts of violence perpetrated against women, manifested in various International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 40 of 42 forms, including: physical violence, the use of physical force; sexual violence, any forced sexual activity; emotional violence, actions that include persistent threats, criticism, and putdowns; and controlling the acquisition and use of money. The results of this case study demonstrate a reduction in PTSD symptoms following the RDI intervention, accompanied by increased emotional regulation capacity and access to internal/external client resources. These findings are consistent with literature showing that resourcing procedures as a stabilization phase can enhance client readiness for trauma processing and reduce symptoms of affective dysfunction (Meneses et al., 2024a). Factors causing trauma can be divided into biological, genetic, and psychosocial factors. Based on several studies, these psychosocial factors include life problems and environmental stressors, personality, repeated failure, and social support. Stressful life events play a major role in trauma, while the environmental stressors most associated with the onset of a traumatic episode are the loss of a partner, prolonged financial hardship, interpersonal conflict, and security threats (Sadock & Sadock, 2011). The Resource Development and Installation intervention focuses on emotional stabilization for female victims of violence, enabling respondents to become empowered, feel better, and think positively. This intervention can be applied to individuals with physical, medical, or psychosocial problems, such as those with cancer, schizophrenia, or those experiencing abuse. The respondents' courage to persist is the basis for the assumption that suppressing defensive thoughts is an effective therapy for some individuals (Wilson et al., 2012). The Adaotive Information Processing Theory (AIP) explains that PTSD symptoms arise from maladaptive storage of traumatic memories—information not connected to broader adaptive memory, thus disrupting processing. RDI functions to increase and strengthen the network of adaptive memories (resource memories) so that when trauma processing begins, there is memory material that can “offset” the negative load and support integration. Therefore, the reduction in PTSD scores in this case study can be understood as the result of two sequential processes: (1) increased access to adaptive memory through resource installation; (2) reduced affective overactivation during processing, resulting in more effective integration of trauma memories. Recent theoretical and narrative studies strengthen the role of the AIP as a suitable framework for explaining the effects of EMDR, including the RDI procedure (De Jongh et al., 2024). In the RDI stabilization technique, the respondents' positive memories are used in visualization (visual imagery). While visualizing, they also undergo or receive bilateral stimulation. The purpose of bilateral stimulation is to increase the association or connection between dissociative (low-association) memories (Hornsveld et al., 2011). During the intervention, the therapist/intervention provider can use information about the respondents' history, current social, and personal resources to help identify their resources. Respondents participating in this intervention may desire to reduce feelings of isolation and learn emotional recovery skills to become more positive. The therapist facilitates the overall and unified implementation of the therapy, actively providing encouragement among members. The therapist not only provides encouragement and advice, but also confronts members with questions about maladaptive coping strategies when facing the respondent's problems. The power of this therapy stems from the feedback all members provide to each other (Sarid & Huss, 2010). The improvements in affective regulation reported in this case align with predictions of Polyvagal theory: an increased sense of safety and social engagement support a shift to a ventral-vagal state that reduces sympathetic reactivity and facilitates emotion regulation. RDI (by embedding resourceful images, memories, and experiences) can reduce neurocognitive threat and enable clients to access more adaptive self-regulation strategies; these changes may mediate reductions in PTSD symptoms (e.g., reduced hyperarousal and intrusive memories). Literature reviews and recent studies recommend measuring autonomic indicators (e.g., RSA/vagal tone) to test this mechanistic hypothesis in future research (Porges, 2025) Survivors of domestic violence in IPV case often experience complications (comorbid depression, impaired emotion regulation, social safety issues) that increase the risk of dropout and reduce the success of trauma-focused therapy. Therefore, a stabilization phase that emphasizes building clinical resources is particularly relevant for this population. Applied evidence and reviews of IPV interventions indicate that interventions that prioritize clients' emotional, social, and material safety tend to lead to better psychosocial outcomes; RDI plays a role in this psychological realm by increasing affective tolerance and coping capacity, thus International Journal of Health and Medicine 2025 (October), vol. 2, no. 4, Kurniawan, et al. 41 of 42 facilitating continued engagement in trauma therapy. This is supported by studies linking resourcing strategies to a reduced likelihood of dropout from trauma therapy for IPV survivors (Hameed et al., 2020). Indicators of changes in physiological reactions include headaches, difficulty sleeping, difficulty concentrating, disturbed appetite, and fatigue. As explained by Wilson et al (2012), most people only recognize the connection between emotions and trauma symptoms, but in reality, trauma is also closely linked to physical symptoms such as headaches, backaches, trouble sleeping, weight changes related to disturbed eating patterns, and pain disorders. Understanding the connection between trauma symptoms and these physical reactions is crucial to focusing on psychological recovery. Reducing a person's trauma symptoms will also reduce their physical symptoms. Respondents are explained that these are the effects of trauma symptoms and the connection between a person's psychological and physical reactions. Therefore, controlled emotions and resolved conflicts are expected to positively impact physical reactions. In general, recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews confirm the overall effectiveness of EMDR for PTSD; however, the specific literature on RDI/IRI remains dominated by case studies, case series, and a few early experimental studies—the same evidence base seen for RDI research in the context of complex PTSD. Therefore, the positive results in this singlecase study add to the converging evidence but are insufficient for generalizable claims—more robust quantitative designs (e.g., RCTs, multiple-baseline single-case studies, or controlled cohort studies) are needed to establish the effectiveness of RDI compared to or in addition to other trauma-focused protocols.(Meneses et al., 2024b). 5. Conclusions The conclusion of this study is that Resource Development and Installation is effective in reducing trauma symptoms in female victims of violence. This is evident in the decrease in trauma symptom scores between before and after the provision of Resource Development and Installation to female victims of violence. Single-case studies have heuristic value but are limited in their generalizability; furthermore, without physiological measurements and a repeated baseline design, it is difficult to establish mechanistic causality. Further research recommendations include multiple-baseline studies or small RCTs comparing EMDR with and without RDI; RSA/HRV measurements to assess autonomic changes; and mediator analyses (e.g., changes in emotion regulation as a mediator of RDI's effect on PTSD scores). Such research would strengthen the evidence base on whether RDI acts as a clinically significant moderator/mediator in IPV survivor populations (Meneses et al., 2024c). 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