JOURNAL MIDWIFERY (JM)
Jurnal Jurusan Kebidanan.
Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo P-ISSN .
E-ISSN .
8-523X)
http://jurnal.
id/index.
php/JM/index DOI: http://dx.
org/10.
52365/jm.
Effectiveness of Lavender Aromatherapy on Anxiety in SMK Prima Indonesia Girls During PMS Nahdiyatul Mukaromah1 STIKes Prima Indonesia.
Indonesia Email : nahdiyatulmukaromah@gmail.
ABSTRACT
Around 30Ae80% of women of reproductive age experience physical and psychological Premenstual Syndrome (PMS) symptoms, including anxiety, for which lavender aromatherapy is a recommended complementary treatment.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of aromatherapy on the anxiety levels of female students during PMS.
Methods this research employed a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental approach using a Pretest-Posttest design without a control group.
The study was conducted at SMK from August 1 to October 25, 2022.
The population consisted of all female students in grade X who had experienced menarche, totaling 85 students aged 13-17 years old.
Data collection was done using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire, comprising 14 standard questions.
Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using the T-Test.
The results revealed a p-value of 0.
000, which is less than .
, indicating that lavender aromatherapy had a significant effect on reducing anxiety levels in female students during PMS.
Before the treatment, most respondents experienced moderate anxiety, but after the aromatherapy, more respondents shifted to experiencing mild anxiety.
Lavender aromatherapy is significantly effective in reducing anxiety levels in female students during premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Keywords: Lavender Aromatherapy.
Anxiety.
PMS
ABSTRAK
Sekitar 30-80% wanita usia reproduksi mengalami gejala fisik dan psikologis dari sindrom pramenstruasi (PMS), termasuk kecemasan, di mana aromaterapi lavender direkomendasikan sebagai pengobatan komplementer.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aromaterapi terhadap tingkat kecemasan siswi selama PMS.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan quasi-experimental menggunakan desain Pretest-Posttest tanpa kelompok kontrol.
Penelitian dilakukan di SMK dari tanggal 1 Agustus hingga 25 Oktober Populasi terdiri dari seluruh siswi kelas X yang telah mengalami menarche, dengan total 85 siswa berusia 13-17 tahun.
Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), yang terdiri dari 14 pertanyaan standar.
Analisis univariat dan bivariat dilakukan menggunakan Uji T.
Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan nilai p sebesar 0,000, yang lebih kecil dari .
, menunjukkan bahwa aromaterapi lavender memiliki pengaruh signifikan dalam mengurangi tingkat kecemasan siswi selama PMS.
Sebelum pengobatan, sebagian besar responden mengalami kecemasan sedang, tetapi setelah aromaterapi, lebih banyak responden yang mengalami kecemasan Aromaterapi lavender secara signifikan efektif dalam mengurangi tingkat kecemasan pada siswi selama sindrom pramenstruasi (PMS).
Kata kunci: Aromaterapi Lavender.
Kecemasan.
PMS A2024 Nahdiyatul Mukaromah Under the licence CC BY-SA 4.
*Nahdiyatul Mukaromah.
STIKes Prima l.
Raya Babelan No.
9,6 KM.
Jl.
Raya Babelan.
RW.
Kebalen.
Babelan.
Bekasi Regency.
West Java 17610 Indonesia, email Corresponding: nahdiyatulmukaromah@gmail.
Nahdiyatul Mukaromah1/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
2, 2024 .
INTRODUCTION
Around 30-80% of reproductive-age women experience a series of physical and mental symptoms during the premenstrual period, known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) (Heydari Approximately 20% of women experience PMS symptoms that are severe enough to disrupt daily activities, while the rest experience mild to moderate symptoms (Saglam & Orsal, 2.
PMS is a significant clinical manifestation of somatic and psychological symptoms during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, causing significant stress and functional capacity decline(Gudipally & Sharma, 2.
PMS typically occurs around 2-10 days before menstruation and disappears shortly before or after menstruation begins (Kanthi, 2.
The exact cause of PMS is currently unknown, but Progesterone, the primary ovarian hormone, plays a crucial role in PMS.
Its fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle are closely linked to mood-related symptoms associated with PMS (Stefaniak et al.
, 2.
Other studies have also shown several other factors such as hormonal changes, neurotransmitters, prostaglandins, diet, lifestyle, obesity, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal secretion, and environmental factors (Yi et , 2.
PMS can affect not only the individual but also the family, and its causes include changes in women's behavior (Shariati et al.
, 2.
PMS symptoms are categorized into physical and psychological.
Physical symptoms include swelling, breast pain, headaches, increased appetite, and palpitations (Shariati et al.
, 2.
Negative psychological symptoms of PMS include anxiety, depression, fatigue, mood swings, and behavioral changes such as irritability, stress, fatigue, and cravings for food (Iqbal et al.
, 2.
Anxiety or fear is strengthened by the desire to resist physiological processes of menstruation (Andriani, 2.
Teenagers who are too anxious tend to withdraw from activities because they fear (Campbell et al.
, 2.
Teenage girls usually ignore PMS symptoms, therefore.
PMS affects their quality of life more than expected (Al-Shahrani et al.
, 2.
other case PMS encompassing mood swings and diminished concentration, can be severe enough to necessitate rest and recovery, potentially reducing learning quality by up to 50% in some cases (Angrainy et al.
, 2.
There is a need for health support services to reduce anxiety related to PMS in teenagers (Thakrar et al.
One of several therapeutic methods recommended to alleviate symptoms associated with PMS is complementary and alternative therapy (MachaCa-IwikCa Aromatherapy is a component of complementary and alternative therapy that involves inhaling plant extracts as essential oils (Es-haghee et al.
, 2.
Inhalation through the nose and targeting the brain, is one of the most frequently used methods in aromatherapy trials.
This technique has developed from the practice of inhaling essential oils, where simple inhalation can enhance emotional well-being, promote calmness, relaxation, and rejuvenation of the body (Cui et al.
, 2.
The main components of lavender essential oil are linalool, linalyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, -ocimene, terpinen-4-ol, and Nahdiyatul Mukaromah1/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
2, 2024 .
camphor (Yoo & Park, 2.
, which have a calming effect (Fung et al.
, 2.
Other studies have shown that lavender aromatherapy is hypnotic, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anxiolytic, and analgesic.
The effects caused by strong depression on the central nervous system and, so far, no side effects have been reported (Heydari et , 2.
Other studies have shown that there is lavender aromatherapy has been found to be effective in reducing anxiety in procedures such as cesarean sections (Motulo et al.
, 2.
Onsidering the significant impact caused by women with PMS, lavender aromatherapy is expected to become a strategy in managing anxiety during PMS.
METHOD
This study employs a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental approach using a Pretest-Posttest without control group This involves conducting a pretest on the experimental group without a control group, followed by a posttest immediately after the experiment.
The study was conducted at SMK Prima Indonesia from August 1 to October 25.
The population of the study consisted of all female students in class X who had reached menarche, numbering 85 students, aged 13-17 years.
Respondents were seated in a comfortable and quiet room, and lavender aromatherapy in the form of candles was lit in the room.
When the candle was lit, the aroma of the aromatherapy from the candle spread throughout the room, and it was turned off after one hour, repeated about one week before menstruation .
or five day.
The study has received approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee of STIKes Prima Indonesia with approval No.
202/EC/KEPK/STIKES-PI/VII/2022.
Data collection used the standardized Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire consisting of 14 questions.
The results of the question item total can determine the level of anxiety of an individual, which is less than 14 .
o anxiet.
, 14-20 .
ild anxiet.
, 21-27 .
oderate anxiet.
, 28-41 .
evere anxiet.
, and 42-56 .
ery severe anxiet.
The study's data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analysis.
Univariate analysis was performed to describe the level of anxiety of respondents before and after receiving Bivariate data analysis used the T-Test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Result Table 1.
Anxiety Level Before and After Aromatherapy During PMS in Female Students at SMK Prima Indonesia Before Aromatherapy Treatment After Aromatherapy Treatment Anxiety Level No Anxiety Mild Anxiety Moderate Anxiety Severe Anxiety Very Severe Anxiety Total Nahdiyatul Mukaromah1/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
2, 2024 .
Table 1 shows a change in the level of receiving aromatherapy, more experienced The majority of respondents 48,2%, mild anxiety at 43,5%.
experienced moderate anxiety .
efore Univariate Analysis Table 2.
The Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Anxiety Levels during PMS in Female Students at SMK Prima Indonesia Variabel Mean P Value Before 23,52 5,738 0,622 0,000 After 18,29 4,358 0,473 Based on Table 2, the t-test results yielded aromatherapy on the anxiety levels of a p-value of 0.
000 < .
, indicating female teenagers during PMS at SMK that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted.
Prima Indonesia.
meaning there is an influence of lavender Discussions Based on the results of the study, it was Anxiety in women is a typical symptom of stress, with hormonal changes occurring in administration, the highest level of anxiety various phases of the menstrual cycle, among students during PMS was moderate especially during the luteal phase, which Anxiety is characterized as a can act as neuromodulators that may pervasive fear of potential threats, often induce anxiety in women (Lumingkewas et detached from concrete situations and , 2.
When someone experiences projected into the future.
It is marked by prolonged stress and anxiety, there will be psychomotor agitation and neurovegetative a decrease in serotonin levels.
If serotonin levels are low, it can trigger changes in (Manea Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) frequently patterns, which can lead to the emergence presents with somatic symptoms such as chest pain, headaches, palpitations, and premenstrual syndrome such as breast pain In cases of comorbidity with and bloating, and these symptoms will be (PD), ongoing psychological pressure (Agustin psychological symptoms (Iakimova et al.
& Zulala, 2.
The level of stress and anxiety is one of the factors that cause and exacerbate Nahdiyatul Mukaromah1/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
2, 2024 .
aromatherapy are linalyl acetate and (Agustin & Zulala, 2.
High levels of linalool (C10H18O), which have anti- anxiety or relaxation effects (Kumalasari behavior, thought processes, and mood, et al.
, 2.
impacting their cognitive function (Ahmad Lavender aroma, when inhaled, affects the et al.
, 2.
At the beginning of the olfactory and respiratory systems.
The menstrual cycle, adolescents become more shortest connection between the central vulnerable to experiencing PMS.
This vulnerability may be reinforced by a environment is the olfactory nerve.
Odor decrease in serotonin during the luteal molecules interact with olfactory receptor disturbances (Chandra & Hendrati, 2.
signals sent to the brain and having a Anxiety and stress disorders are the most regulatory effect on mood (Fung et al.
common mental disorders, resulting in 2.
behavior, and physiology.
Through health-related burdens.
With increasing demand and interest in safe and acceptable neurotransmitter pathways that influence anxiolytics, some studies have reported the emotions (Aponso et al.
, 2.
It also stimulates the brain to release chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine, which are physiological and psychological effects safe and viable anxiolytic interventions for (Yoo & Park, 2.
treating individuals with various types of The research findings revealed that after anxiety (Yoo & Park, 2.
administering lavender aromatherapy to In other research findings also indicate that students, the level of anxiety during PMS lavender aromatherapy is effective in decreased, ranging from moderate to mild anxiety levels.
The effect of lavender nervousness, pain, and bloating.
Lavender aromatherapy administration influenced manner, providing a relaxation effect on symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (Es- the body (Pasaribu, 2.
(Es-haghee et al.
haghee et al.
, 2.
Aromatherapy is a therapeutic action that uses essential oils methods are often applied to treat mild beneficial for enhancing an individual's symptoms of this syndrome.
The most physical and psychological well-being.
important non-pharmacological treatments The include lifestyle changes, such as regular Non-pharmacological Nahdiyatul Mukaromah1/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
2, 2024 .
exercise, proper nutrition, regular sleep, feelings of uncertainty and stress.
(Chandra hot baths, and the use of multivitamins & Hendrati, 2.
Adolescents with good (Daneshvar et al.
, 2.
knowledge will exhibit good behavior Premenstrual (PMS) during PMS, while those with poor experienced during adolescence affects the self-confidence of teenage girls, their Lack of knowledge about PMS prevents teenage girls from treating it, and performance, and quality of life.
Women they are unaware of it (Chandra & with PMS complaints generally prefer Hendrati, 2.
analgesic treatment to alleviate PMS The limitations of this study include, symptoms (Elkoca et al.
, 2.
The role firstly, having a limited sample size, so the of healthcare professionals in adolescents results may not be widely applicable to a is crucial as it influences mental health larger population.
Secondly, not measuring status, which can be associated with the severity of PMS symptoms, thus anxiety and depression symptoms during PMS.
Poor menstrual health has been adolescents during PMS.
Research on linked to serious illnesses, including reproductive and urinary tract infections, yields potentially beneficial results in and its impact on quality of life cannot be ignored (Mann & TS, 2.
Adolescents who have little knowledge about PMS tend Combination to feel more anxious.
This is due to the approaches and further research can help fact that not understanding the symptoms clarify its effectivenes.
PMS
and how to manage PMS can create BIBLIOGRAPHY