ISSN : p-2720-9938 e-2721-5202 Vocational Proficiency Boarding Schools Education Retno Anisa Larasati.
Iim Wasliman.
Hanafiah.
Waska Warta Nusantara Islamic University.
Bandung.
Indonesia Nusantara Islamic University.
Bandung.
Indonesia Nusantara Islamic University.
Bandung.
Indonesia Email: retno924@gmail.
com, iim_wasliman@yahoo.
com, hanafia@uninus.
waskawarta@gmail.
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Received 23 Juny 2021 Revision 1 July 2021 Approved 10 July 2021 Keywords:
vocational skills education entrepreneurial spirit of sar The purpose of this research is to describe and describe, vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools.
Grand Teory in this study uses the theory from Terry .
dividing the four basic functions of management, namely Planning.
Organizing.
Actuating and Controlling.
The results showed that vocational skills education in an effort to improve the entrepreneurial spirit in boarding schools is still not maximal.
It is proven that only a few Boarding Schools graduates have an entrepreneurial spirit.
Vocational proficiency education in boarding is more likely to provide theory than practice so that the learning stategi provided is less comprehensive, innovative, and creative.
INTRODUCTION
Boarding School is an educational institution that is deeply rooted in society.
general, boarding live, from, by and for the boarding try to educate the students, then can teach it to the community.
The existence of Boarding Schools becomes special because it becomes an alternative education .
education developed by the colonials so that it is expected to grow intellectuals who are insightful with a strong spiritual foundation.
Admittedly or not.
Boarding Schools with various forms and variations of the learning process is part of the nation's civilization that has been firmly attached in the nation's history.
The advantage of Boarding Schools lies in the principle of "humanizing people" in the learning process (Abdullah, 2.
Boarding will still exist as an Islamic educational institution that has a vision of printing human beings.
As explained by Farida Hanun .
: Boarding that initially only educate How to cite:
E-ISSN:
Published by:
students to have skills to religion, now must be able to answer more challenges and more The social problems faced by the Population density and intense competition so that strong skills and personalities are needed to be successful in life.
Life skill education for students is useful as a provision in dealing with and solving life problems.
In addition, life skill education can also reduce dependence on employment or reduce unemployment and increase productivity for the community.
So it is very appropriate if life skill education is included in the curriculum of boarding As explained by (Azra, 1.
that the boarding response to the issue of boarding system renewal in the midst of the current changes to economic issues is to include the substance of education by including general lessons and life skills, renewal of learning methods by changing the bandongan system to classical, as well as institutional reforms that include the repositioning of the role of Larasati.
Retno Anisa.
Iim Wasliman.
Hanafiah.
Waska Warta .
Vocational Proficiency Education Boarding Schools Jurnal Social Science 2.
https://doi.
org/10.
46799/jss.
Ridwan Institute kyai, orientation .
ission visio.
pondok pesanten , as well as its managerial aspects.
Life skill development program has been regulated by Law No.
20 of 2003.
Article 3 on functions and objectives stated: National education serves to develop capabilities and form the character and civilization of a dignified nation in order to educate the life of the nation, aiming to develop the potential of learners to become human beings who believe and fear God Almighty, noble character, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become a democratic and responsible citizen.
The development is contained in Law No.
20/2003
on National Education System (Sisdikna.
Article 26 paragraph 1:
Non-Formal Education is organized for citizens who need educational services that serve as substitutes, enhancers, and/or complements formal education in order to support lifelong education.
Furthermore, paragraph 3 reads:
Life skills education is an education that provides personal skills, social skills, intellectual skills, and vocational skills for work or independent business.
The Government Regulation No.
55 of 2007 concerning Religious Education and Religious Education Article 2 reads:
Religious education aims to develop the ability of learners in understanding, living, and practicing religious values that harmonize mastery in science, technology, and art.
Then in Law No.
18 of 2019 is also explained in article 3 point b which reads:
Boarding held with the aim of:
forming superior individuals in various fields who understand and practice the value of their religious teachings and or become experts in religious sciences who balanced, and moderate.
establish a moderate understanding of religion and religion and love of the homeland and form behaviors that encourage the creation of religious and c.
improving the quality of life of a society that is empowered in meeting the educational needs of citizens and the social welfare of the community.
Based on the above legislation, boarding have a golden opportunity in the implementation of vocational skills so that students in addition to being given a deepening of religious knowledge, also need to be given strengthening skills as a provision of life in the community.
This is in accordance with the educational ideals of boarding schools that produce independent students so as not to depend on others.
When compared to formal educational institutions, boarding schools are seen as able to form independent living students.
According to islamic education statistics data in 2018/2019 from the Directorate General of Islamic Education ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia .
, out of a total of 27,290 boarding spread throughout Indonesia as many as 13,336 ( 87 %) traditional boarding schools and 13,954 .
, 13 %) is a modern boarding.
The socioeconomic functions according to Farida Hanun .
8: .
in the form of life skills activities in the field of handicrafts there are a number of 4825 .
%) boarding which include: webbing as much as 703 .
%) boarding, food as much as 985 .
6 %)
boarding, carpentry as much as 1532 .
8 %)
boarding, brick 859 .
9 %) boarding, and convection as much as 746 .
3 %) Boarding.
Looking at the fact above it turns out that in the boarding school education system both traditional and modern boarding schools students in addition to being equipped with religious sciences are also equipped with a variety of life skills education whose purpose is to create students to create jobs .
specially for students who can not continue higher after graduation, then when returning to the community requires readiness skill.
Life skill education problem is an unsolved problem in line with the complexity of environmental change, both in terms of planning, implementation and assessment especially related to the improvement of Based on data from the Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs Association .
mentioned, until now indonesian youth who engaged or became an entrepreneur turned out to be only three percent of the total population of about 260 million people.
This percentage does not grow, when compared Neighboring countries have reached five to seven percent.
The level of 'entrepreneur' in Indonesia does not rise because there is no government space for entrepreneurial youth.
Boarding that organize life skill activities, by the government is usually called vocational boarding.
Vocational boarding school is one of the program activities of the Ministry of Religious Affairs directed at the participation of boarding schools in following the education of skills or life skills.
However, the reality in the field shows that there are still many boarding that have not been able to develop the maximum vocational skills Some preliminary research on boarding schools in Indonesia causes some differences in life skills education in some boarding.
The first research conducted by (Cahyono, 2.
entitled "Entrepreneurial Education Management" shows the problem that the education model is not running well because it has not met certain conditions, such as the absence of a clear job description in each field, including its rights and authority in the implementation of entrepreneurial The second research conducted by Sopwan .
7: .
with the title "Life Skill in boarding" shows that the problem of life skills education in Pondok Narul Hayah Yogyakarta applies all life skills activities ranging from generic life skills and specific life skills so that students are less optimal to develop life skills that suit their interests and talents.
The third research conducted by (Khamidah, "Entrepreneurship Education in boarding" shows that, the problem of entrepreneurial education in Yayasan Pondok boarding Modern Yatim Dhuafa Madania Yogyakarta is too much to develop various fields so that the process of entrepreneurship education and life skills do not run smoothly and progress because there are less supporting factors than in the Boarding itself.
The fourth research conducted by Farida Hanun .
8: .
with the title "Improving Student Independence Through The Implementation of Life Skills in boarding " shows that the implementation of vocational skills in boarding Sumatra Thawalib Parabek West Sumatra is carried out with several sectors so that this Boarding Schools needs innovative resources.
However, the reality in the field of boarding does not yet have innovative resources.
The reason for the selection of boarding Al Jawahir Soreang and boarding Al Fadlilah Limbangan because these two Boarding Schools are Islamic educational institutions that get the help of OPOP (One Boarding Schools One Produc.
program from West Java Province, have graduates who are mostly entrepreneurial and are Boarding Schools have been established for quite a long time.
METHOD
This study uses qualitative approach with case study design.
The reason for using this method is based on the consideration that the data to be searched is the root of the depiction of the purpose of the program, implementation, and evaluation of vocational proficiency education programs in boarding schools that require researchers to observe the entrepreneurial attitudes that students have and interact directly with them about entrepreneurial spirit so that for that researchers must go down directly to the field like a detekti f, spy, explorer or journalist.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Findings from Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Soreang Bandung Regency Description of the findings in the research conducted at Boarding Schools Al Jawahir related to vocational skills education in the improvement of entrepreneurial spirit of students including vocational skills education developed, education, evaluation of vocational skills education, partnerships, demands and efforts and measures, and development Vocational Proficiency Education .
Types of Vocational Proficiency Education From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation, it can be explained that vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Soreang is a planned and organized effort in providing productive skills and skills according to interests and talents as a provision in an effort to meet the needs of life.
Vocational developed in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Soreang focuses on sewing and processing skills tempeh.
In sewing skills, students are expected to have the ability to understand the basics of sewing theory, make their own clothes and practice them for others.
In addition, students are also invited to develop their skills to the advanced or advanced level and work independently according to their skills as a provision of their While in the tempeh making program, it is expected that students can improve skills in the field of tempe production which will later become a support for the creative economy in the .
Why Boarding Schools Choose This Type of Vocational Proficiency Education From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the reason Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Soreang choose life skills vocational education in sewing skills, namely:
Affordable Initial Capital Sewing business is a business First, the business capital prepared Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Rp 5.
000 only.
This money can be used to buy one sewing machine, chairs, threads, needles, meters, and other sewing .
Basic skills This business can still run even with the most basic skills, such as cutting, measuring, and creating This means that students do not have to take sewing courses and pay for course fees.
Moreover, orders to be sewn are still common, such as tablecloths, curtains, bed linen, and doormats.
Sewing skills will develop by themselves if the students have been sewing for many years.
Because the incoming orders will automatically increase, both in quantity, type, and model.
indirectly students are forced to deepen the science of sewing.
The benefits are decent This business does not need to rent a special place for sewing, paying security, hygiene, and electricity money.
So all the advancement of Boarding Schools, capital to buy materials, as well as saved to grow the business.
For example, the net profit obtained by Boarding Schools is Rp 150,000/stitch.
While in one month, students can get orders as many as 20 pieces.
If totaled, then the profit obtained is Rp 3,000,000/month.
This count is still for small-scale stitching businesses.
If the scale of the seam business is large, then the profit can be up to 5x per month.
The rest of the material can be stitched back If the material or clothing will be from the previous stitch remains, students can use it to make new The rest of the material can be put together until it forms a wide cloth, then sewn as usual.
Promotion of business is simple Sewing business is not like laundry business, photocopying, or food stalls that must print brochures Because, word of mouth promotion alone is powerful enough to bring in new customers.
So.
Boarding Schools do not need to prepare special costs for the promotion of sewing business.
The money that has been set aside is used for other purposes.
For equipment, repairing the machine if there is damage, or hiring students if they want to enlarge the seam .
Fast Growing The time it takes to develop a sewing business is not long.
In just 6 months, this business can grow rapidly as long as the seam quality is Good here is not only durable, but also has a model that is not outdated and comfortable when If the stitching of students has this quality, then the development of the business is faster than imagined.
The reason Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Soreang chose vocational skills education in the business of making tempeh, namely:
Raw Materials Tempe raw materials are quite easy to get.
Students can go to the Traditional Market to get it.
At the beginning of this business, soybeans 5 kg and tempeh yeast 20 grams, and water to taste.
Equipment Equipment in the process of making tempeh is also easy to get such as large slaps, baskets, buckets, wood mixers, molds, boilers, burlap sacks, furnaces or Tempe Rich in Benefits Tempe is a typical Indoesian food that is favored by the public at large.
Tempe is one of the processed products based on Tempe Production Can Be Done Easily Tempeh production can be done easily by using soybeans and yeast as the main ingredients.
How to make it is also easy.
The selected soybeans are then washed thoroughly, boiled for about 60 to 90 minutes, soaked until the skin peels, seasoned with yeast, then wrapped in plastic, banana leaves, or teak leaves.
After going through the process of acidification for 36/48 hours tempeh can be consumed.
Tempe production can be done in small amounts at home to meet their own needs or massively for Tempe production is very suitable in practice in all regions.
Vocational Proficiency Education Success Indicators From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that indicators of the success of vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir see from the activities in the implementation process and after the proficiency education in Boarding Schools.
Indicators of the success of sewing skills are seen when students already have six basic competencies, .
Have ideas in starting basic sewing .
Selecting a needle size .
Create a simple straight stitch .
Add stitch patterns with more complex elements and techniques .
Practicing sewing skills by hand and sewing machine .
Recycle clothes by sewing and transforming them into other Indicators of the success of tempeh making are seen when students already have five basic competencies, namely:
Have ideas in starting tempeh .
Choosing raw materials .
Practice the process of making .
Practicing the fermentation process .
Pay attention to the cleanliness of work and cleanliness of work .
Vocational Skills Education Planning Document From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Soreang has several planning education planning program contained in the Boarding Schools program document consisting of:
Long-term Boarding Schools program or Long-Term Boarding Schools Work Plan (RKPJP).
RKPJP
is between 8-10 years old.
Medium-term Boarding Schools program or Medium Term Boarding School Work Plan (RKPJM).
RKPJM
is between 4-5 years old.
Short-term Boarding Schools Annual Boarding Schools Work Plan (RKT).
CTR is between 1 year.
RKT translates the vision, mission, and objectives of the current school year which must be identified the real challenges.
Boarding Schools program that is prepared should pay attention to several things, namely environmental analysis.
SWOT, vision, mission, and school objectives.
RKPJP.
RKPJM.
RKT
is a series of work plans that are mutually sustainable and are constantly analyzed for achievement.
Sources of Funding in Vocational Proficiency Education From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the source of funds in vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir consists of donors, parents donations, government assistance, and business units Boarding Schools.
Boarding Schools Al Jawahir has donors, namely a Notary in soreang area who regularly provides education, parents who have a middle income and above are also required to make donations for underprivileged students.
Boarding Schools Al Jawahir has worked with the Cooperative and MSMEs Office of West Java Province in 2019 in the OPOP (One Boarding Schools One Produc.
One Boarding Schools One Product (OPOP) program aims to create the independence of the people through the students, the community and the Boarding School itself, in order to be able to be economically, socially independent and also to spur the development of skills, production technology, distribution, marketing through an innovative and strategic Provincial Government of West Java along with the Kukm Office of West Java Province, ensuring that all Boarding Schools in West Java can gain access to government programs in the pemb economic power, technology and production are efficient, precise and modern in today's digital agei.
Entrepreneurial Values .
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Kecakapan vokasional yang From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation entrepreneurial values developed in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir more towards the psychomotor aspect .
ble to realize yourself .
accordance with the potential, interests, and abilities that have so that tough attitude, abstinence from generosity, honesty, independence, and laughter to Allah SWT will be owned by Santri that method entrepreneurial spirit given usually in the form of life skills, simulation, internships, business lytihan, etc.
Boarding School Method in Developing Entrepreneurial Spirit of Santri From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained methods for the improvement of entrepreneurial spirit students in Boarding Schools Al jawahir one of them business For example, by selling the products that have been made in Sabilulungan Sunday Market and internships at the Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Cooperative for example by making cooperative financial The learning methods used are lectures, discussions, assignments.
Q&A, experiments, demonstrations, and simulations.
While the learning media used LCD / screen, whiteboard, markers, wireless and laptop.
Internalization Process Entrepreneurial Values Students Internalization entrepreneurial values begins when students receive and live the learning materials, respond by or being respecting the values conveyed, organizing the values they receive to be applied, so that habituation occurs that gives birth to religious entrepreneurial behaviors.
Vocational Proficiency Education Implementation Process Development of Vision.
Mission, and Objectives From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the process of proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir starts from the development of vision, mission, and The vision of Boarding Schools Al Jawahir "Sowing Islamic morality.
Towards Civil society.
Reaping the happiness of Ukhrowi'.
From this vision was developed on the mission of:
Educating students to be a generation of intelligent and knowledgeable nation.
Educating students to have life skills both soft skills and hard Educate students in a balanced manner religious knowledge and general knowledge in order to form a complete human being (Insan Kami.
Educate students to be a generation that has a strong aqidah and noble character.
Educating students to be a generation of intelligent and knowledgeable nation.
Educating students to have life skills both soft skills and hard skills.
Educate students in a balanced manner religious knowledge and general knowledge in order to form a complete human being (Insan Kami.
Educate students to be a generation that has a strong aqidah and noble character.
Based on the statement of the vision and mission of Boarding Schools is very clearly visible on the 2nd mission yatu educate students to have life skills both soft skills and hard skills so that the purpose of the implementation of vocational proficiency education is expected after graduation students can improve life skills in work or selfentrepreneurship.
Analysis Vocational Proficiency Education Needs From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the analysis of identification of santi needs begins at the preparation of the proficiency education consists of resource identification, program preparation, organizing of program agreements with program partners.
Identification needs is the activity of inventorying the type of skills required by students in accordance with their potential and interests and the surrounding How to identify needs, among others, through interviews to explore the desire of students, observation of superior products of the region, and market share Identification of needs results in determination of the types of skills that suit the conditions of students and the community.
Preparation Vocational Proficiency Education Plan From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation preparation of vocational proficiency identification of resources are two important components.
Resource identification is the activity of materials, tools, facilities, funds, and facilitators .
eachers and or Partners are other parties that can assist vocational skills education activities, both in the training process, the provision of materials, sources of funds, educators, and in product marketing.
Program preparation is the design of pre-vocational activities that will be conducted including socialization, orientation, learning .
heory and practic.
, evaluation and follow-up.
Organizing Organizing structure, personnel determination, division of tasks, and mechanism of The task and function of Boarding Schools leaders is to determine the policy of program determining the policy the principal is expected to: .
Establish vocational programs that have educational and economic value based on the results of identification of needs and deliberations.
Determining policies related to the programs .
issuing Management Decrees, mechanisms of action, cooperation agreements, licensing, and so o.
The head of the program is a skill teacher who has competence in accordance with the developed The duties and functions of the program chairman consist of:
Coordinating all activities covered in the program.
Monitor the implementation of the program.
Report on the progress and results of the implementation of the In the implementation of vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir is the responsibility of the Deputy Leader of Boarding Schools as the Program's Responsibility.
Parties involved From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the parties involved in vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir began with a cooperation agreement with partners.
Cooperation Agreement with Partners.
Program Participant Networking.
Vocational Proficiency Education Procedures From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the vocational proficiency education procedures implemented in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir begin with socialization, orientation and learning.
Socialization Socialization is an activity perceptions about vocational programs to all parties directly or indirectly related.
Socialization can be reached in the form of spread, and so on.
Orientation Orientation is an activity that aims to introduce vocational programs to students, in order to motivate them to actively participate in learning and develop entrepreneurial insights.
Orientation activities are carried out both inside and outside the school in the form of the .
introducing the types of skills to be given.
determine the time and place of implementation of learning activities both theory and practice.
explain the process of vocational activities.
Explain the benefits of and .
introduce Learning Vocational program learning pre-learning, learning process, and end of Pre-learning.
At this stage it is following steps:
Identify the type of skills to be taught.
Preparation of learning materials and tools.
Setting the learning schedule.
Preparation Preparation methods.
and Development of evaluation tools.
Learning process The learning process is an interaction between skill participants in order to develop life skills through mastery of learning materials.
Learning .
have with the learning materials to be delivered.
presentation of materials in the form of training and and .
evaluation of learning.
End of learning At the end of each vocational learning, it is necessary to evaluate the This evaluation is focused on measuring the achievement of technical competencies and indicators of life skills mastered by students.
The success of learning is seen from the mastery of learners to both components.
Methods / evaluations that can be used to measure the process and achievement of learning outcomes can be in the form of tests, non-tests, and The instrument can be a writing oral tests and action Non tests in the form of Portfolio is a collection of results from tests and nontests that describe the ability / competence of students.
Evaluation Vocational Proficiency Education Implementation l From interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the evaluation of vocational proficiency education programs conducted in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir is an activity to see the implementation of vocational Evaluation conducted in the form of data collection, study, and information about the implementation of the The evaluation of vocational programs is intended to obtain information about the implementation of the program, which is used to make further improvements or development of the program.
In detail the evaluation is intended to obtain information about .
the suitability of the implementation of vocational programs with the plan that has been drawn up.
factors inhibiting the implementation of the program.
the steps that have been taken by the program overcome the problems arising.
the implementation of vocational programs.
The aspects evaluated in .
Preparation and planning of the program.
In this aspect the evaluation is conducted to see the suitability of the program with local potential, characteristics of students, educational resources.
Socialization.
Evaluation on this aspect is conducted to determine the effectiveness of the delivery of information about the program to related .
Evaluation conducted on the orientation aspect intended to see students' understanding of the purpose, purpose, and From the vocational implemented and know the efforts of the manager in participate in the activity.
Human resources.
Resource evaluation is focused on optimizing various resources programs and ways of .
Evaluation of program is carried out to see program .
earning / trainin.
with the plan that has been program, and the efforts made by Boarding Schools.
Alumni Search In addition to the five aspects above.
Boarding Schools Al Jawahir also every year always routinely conducts the search for alumni who become entrepreneurs by inviting alumni to join the Al Jawahir Alumni Association (IAA).
The iaa managers always routinely help the implementation of vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir.
Vocational Proficiency Education Results Vocational education results show that the education implementation is quite good determined through.
Implementation standards in accordance with the talents and .
Resources consist of students, personnel, as well as adequate facilities and infrastructure.
The organizational relationship between Boarding Schools and the Foundation is very good.
Characteristics competent educators .
Social conditions in the form of good implementing agents, economic conditions, namely the Budget Plan of Boarding Schools.
Partnership Partners are individuals and or institutions that have the potential to facilitate the sustainability of the program.
The most preferred partners are those around the school so that they are responsible for improving the quality and relevance of the programs.
Before program is implemented, it is between Boarding Schools and partners that govern the rights and obligations of each .
Partnerships implemented with the Government Since the start of Boarding Schools Jawahir there has been a Government, namely the Office of Cooperatives and MSMEs Bandung Regency.
Bandung District Agriculture Office, and the Office of Cooperatives and MSMEs Java Province, cooperation with the Office of Cooperatives and MSMEs West Java Province occurred in 2019 when Boarding Schools get assistance OPOP (One Boarding Schools One Produc.
Province.
Partnerships Implemented With Dudi The conducted by Boarding Schools DUDI (Industrial Business Worl.
occurred in 2016, namely Boarding Schools Al Jawahir in collaboration Ampera Gading Soreang Restaurant and Warung Makan Nasi Liwet Ika Soreang Then working together to be a supplier of tempeh with middlemen in Soreang Market Banjaran Market, while for the business of sewing shirts there is no partnership with DUDI, so only receive simple stitches from the foundation family.
Demands Expectations of Vocational Skills Education in The Improvement Entrepreneurial Spirit of Students Boarding Schools Al Jawahir .
Guidance of Vocational Skills Education in The Improvement Entrepreneurial Spirit of Students Boarding Schools Al Jawahir The demands of entrepreneurial spirit of Boarding Schools Jawahir, starting from the lack of trust of the surrounding community in the world of work to the output issued by Islamic institutions Boarding Schools, especially in the world of industrial and office work.
So that the output is marginalized with public educational institutions.
The task of Islamic Boarding Schools particular, trying hard to catch up with the lag and setbacks of this nation by devoting all the ability to and progressively in order to survive the life and meet the demands of education oriented to the development of life skills.
In essence the main task of boarding school is to realize people who believe and trust in Allah SWT.
More boarding school as a production of ulama' with the quality of Islam, faith, science and morals santri expected to be able to build himself and the surrounding community.
schools also aim to create Muslim people who have self-help and self-help.
Vocasional skills are often referred to as vocational skills that are associated with certain areas of work in society.
Therefore.
Boarding Schools Al Jawahir must open itself to read various problems of life so that the result becomes an outcome, because the disappointed while the produces people who are Boarding Schools openness is characterized by openness to the development of science and technology, as well as having the ability to anticipate the future.
It is realized that the tendency to develop non-religious knowledge in Boarding Schools is a real need that must be faced by Boarding Schools graduates in the Precisely challenge to compete to non-religious knowledge is one of the tasks that must be carried out by Boarding Schools.
Hope of Vocational Skills Education The Improvement Entrepreneurial Spirit Santri in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Boarding Schools Jawahir Soreang as one of Islamic institutions seeks to open a global discourse that occurs in the community around the boarding school and the general public and various problems that arise among Boarding Schools, such as the lack of creative santri after graduation in the sense that students do not know what to do, so it can be said that students are less capable in solving their life problems.
In the face of community guidance.
Boarding Schools Al Jawahir educational patterns through various levels and corners in formal schools and outside formal schools, as well as independent living inherent to the daily lives of students that lead to the supply of life Especially in vocational skills such as entrepreneurial learning, agrobusiness that includes the manufacture of sewing skills santri and so on.
Through this skill activity the entrepreneurial interest of the students is raised, to then be directed towards the development of economic business management when the santri returns to the With the aim of output not only master the field of religion or the hereafter but how the output can also survive the life with a variety of skills that it has.
Therefore.
Boarding Schools Al Jawahir strives to develop life skills, especially vocational skills in the hope of helping students .
to have self-esteem and confidence to make a living in the context of opportunities in their environment.
Problems implementation of vocational Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Boarding Schools Jawahir implementation of vocational proficiency education is not internally and externally.
Internal Problems Internal education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir is the availability of equipment skills program seen in terms of the number of equipment and instructors participants turned out to be disproportionate or Other education in Boarding Schools Jawahir, including: the training time available is very short, tutors are not sufficient, especially in the making, and the practice space is inadequate.
Problems vocational proficiency in Boarding Schools Jawahir that the training time is very short only once a week.
It's best to do it every three weeks.
In addition, there are still students who are lazy to participate in this activity.
External Issues External problems that occur in the implementation education in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir is the absence of modules created by the Government for example by the Ministry of Religious Affairs Bandung Regency.
External problems in vocational skills in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir, lack of support from Parents Santri / Wali Santri.
At the time of there are still Santri parents who do not allow their children to participate in this So, just wanting his son to focus on studying In addition, the issue of partnership with the government, such as the issue of assistance of the old OPOP program liquid so as to make vocational proficiency activities are also hampered.
Anticipatory measures taken by Boarding Schools problem of vocational skills in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir .
Efforts made by Boarding Schools in solving vocational skills problems in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir The efforts made by Boarding Schools Al Jawahir in solving the problem of vocational skills in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir is to focus on the process of developing vocational skills.
In addressing internal overcoming student laziness, the Boarding Schools seeks to vocational skills with three stages, namely the teaching, habituation and assignment The teaching referred to here is the provision of material or material about The habituation referred to here is to familiarize students in matters of entrepreneurial spirit improvement such as learning time discipline such as simple things to pray on time, discipline and so on.
The assignment referred to opportunities for students to practice the skills of sewing and making tempeh until the assignment of the sale of their products.
Anticipatory steps taken by Boarding Schools in solving vocational skills problems in Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Anticipatory taken Boarding Schools Al Jawahir with a wide allocation of time, effective, and efficient and integral to the system and Boarding Schools development as a Related to the problem of standard facilities and inadequate practice space.
Therefore, the efforts that Boarding Schools do is to continuous maintenance, pay attention to safety and Meanwhile, problem of funds, efforts and anticipatory measures that Boarding Schools do is to schemes and sharia principles Fund Findings Boarding Schools Fadlilah Limbangan Garut Regency Description of the findings in the research conducted at Boarding Schools Al Jawahir related to vocational skills education in the improvement of entrepreneurial spirit of students developed, implementation of evaluation of vocational skills problems, anticipatory efforts and measures, and development Vocational Proficiency Education .
Types Vocational Proficiency Education From the results of interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained education developed in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah is the provision of basic insights and elementary skills in agriculture and graphic design.
In agriculture for example, there are coffee plantations that Coffee perguji is sold to businessmen coffeshop so that al Fadililah coffee has subscribed with one of the Coffee Cafe in Limbangan so that the Cafe also gave the name cafy Cafe Perguji Coffee.
While in the field of graphic design, students are expected to be able to know the basic material, able to practice the material understood, able to live independently, and able to develop further skills.
Why Boarding Schools Choose this Type of Vocational Proficiency Education From interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the reason Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah chose coffee making programs and graphic design skills, because Boarding Schools since its inception already has a coffee plantation that wants to be mass produced by students and Alumni.
The first reason that makes this coffee business quite profitable is the steady trend of consumer development.
One of the causes of the steady development of consumers is one of the increasing number of consumers choosing to drink coffee in coffeeshops instead of at home.
Even today's coffee culture also gives birth to many coffee consumers who have a unique character.
Even the new generation today rarely consume coffee sachets, because they can get to know coffee directly from the baristas in coffeeshop one of Limbangan Coffeshop Perguji Coffee.
The role of social media to coffee perguji is also so great marketing system that is now making the potential of coffee perguji known even greater.
The reason for choosing graphic design skills, because today's digital era of graphic design position is very important and definitely needed.
Even graphic design job positions do not infrequently promise a sufficient salary.
Can Open New Business Opportunities Students who do not like jobs tied to an agency or design can be an option to open Nowadays many graphic design carrying out their work.
Such as open logo making services, pamphlets, invitations and others.
Or if students find it difficult to promote your own design business, students can visit a graphic design freelance site, then register as a freelance worker on the site.
if anyone is interested in your design, aka the order notification tone.
Exciting, not only will meet with domestic customers, students are very likely to get orders from foreign citizens who access the site and need its services.
Increase Creativity By studying graphic design, santri directly also improves its creative spirit, because the directed to new things, creative and could have not been thought of by others.
Learning graphic design makes students will be more innovative in doing other work as well.
Shorten Work Indirectly, design can make people's work shorter and For example, in making proposals, if students have expertise in design, students no longer need to draw up proposals with a lot of writing and complex.
Simply include important points in the design as attractive as possible, so the proposal will be easier and understandable to the target.
Become a Skill to be proud of in the Digital Age Expertise in graphic design is an important skill in today's Especially completing the CV and work experience of students.
Having graphic design skills is also worth more for many people, because not many people are really experts in this field.
Therefore, it will be more seen hrd when applying for a job if students have this advantage.
It's easier to say something Nowadays most have a low interest in reading, tend to be lazy to read captions or long posts.
Through a design, it can make it easier for people to draw conclusions about a For example, when students sell bag products on Instagram, people will definitely read the picture first rather than the caption.
Especially if the caption is Long, kayanya will skip Through a design in the form of pamphlets or photos, prospective buyers are easier to capture the message delivered and easier to be tempted by the promotion.
Vocational Proficiency Education Success Indicators From interviews, observations, and explained that the indicators of the success of vocational skills education in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah is directed at the understanding concepts and skills, with a greater weight on competencies of the soul of understanding of concepts .
The Entrepreneurship Education in Materials Textbooks Materials/ textbooks is the component to what actually Generalization entrepreneurial values can be done into teaching materials both in material exposure, tasks and evaluations.
Integration of Entrepreneurship Education Through Cultural Boarding Schools Culture / Boarding Schools culture is the Boarding Schools life where students interact with others, ustadz with ustadz, counselors with employees with others, and between members of school community groups.
The development of values in entrepreneurial education in Boarding Schools includes activities carried out by Boarding Schools leaders.
Ustadz/Ustadzah.
Tutors, when communicating with students and using Boarding Schools facilities, such as honesty, entrepreneurial culture in the Boarding Schools environment .
ll Boarding Schools citizens Vocational orientation in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah is to facilitate physical, perception, social, activities on various products This activity starts from identifying the potential around learners to be transformed into a useful product for human life.
Learning designed through the stages of transforming the functionality of existing products towards new, more useful products.
Vocational education in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah Limbangan has the following objectives and scopes:
Purpose .
Able to develop knowledge and skills to make a variety of technological products that are useful for human life.
Have a sense of aesthetics, appreciation of handicraft products, and artifacts from archipelago and the world.
Able to identify potential local areas that can be developed .
Have a professional and entrepreneurial attitude.
Scope .
Craft skills.
Utilization technologies that include cultivation technology, and processing technology.
Entrepreneurship .
Vocational Skills Education Planning Document From the results of interviews, observations, and Boarding Schools Al Jawahir Soreang has several planning documents for planning program contained in the Boarding Schools program document consisting of:
Long-term Boarding Schools Long-Term Boarding Schools Work Plan (RKPJP).
RKPJP is between 8-10 years old.
Vocational education Boarding Schools program Boarding Schools Fadlilah Limbangan only contained in the RKPJP document is not explained again in the middle work plan.
Sources of Funding in Vocational Proficiency Education From interviews, observations, and documentation can be explained that the source of funds in vocational proficiency education in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah consists of donors, government assistance, and business units Boarding School.
Boarding School Al Fadlilah has donors, namely a Coffeshop Entrepreneur in garut area who every year routinely provides education.
Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah has also worked with the Office of Cooperatives and MSMEs of West Java Province in 2019 in the OPOP (One Boarding Schools One Produc.
Entrepreneurial Values .
Vocational Proficiency Education Values developed From documentation can be explained that the entrepreneurial values developed in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah Limbangan namely Creative innovative values and flexibility are one'sorisinilan.
Innovative creative people who are confident in .
Never satisfied with the ways that are done today, although the way is quite good.
Always pouring imagination in his work.
Always want to stand out or make the most of differences.
Boarding Schools Method in Developing Entrepreneurial Spirit of Students From documentation can be explained that the boarding school method entrepreneurial spirit of santri is to balance the functions of the human brain divided into two parts, namely the right brain and the left brain.
humans use the right brain to learn to develop creative skills with the following .
Always ask, "Is there a better .
Always traditions and routines.
Reflect or reflect and think deeply.
Dare to play mentally, try to see the problem from a different .
Be aware of the possibility of many answers rather than one correct answer.
See failure and mistakes only as a way to achieve success.
Correlate problems to produce innovative .
Having a "helicopter planAy, which is the ability to rise above routine habits and see the problems of the wider perspective then focus it on the need to change.
While the left brain is used to develop thinking skills.
There are seven steps of the creative .
Preparation Preparation concerning readiness to think creatively, conducted in the form of formal, experience, internship and other learning .
Investigation In the investigation is required individuals who can develop a problem or decision.
To create new concepts and ideas about a field, one must first study the problem and understand its basic .
Transformation The stage of transformation concerns the similarities and differences of views among the Transformation is to identify existing similarities and differences about the information collected.
this stage it takes two types of Convergent thinking is the ability to see similarities and relationships between diverse data and events.
While divergent thinking is the ability to see the difference between data and diverse events.
Hatching Hatchery is the preparation of the subconscious mind to ponder the The subconscious mind takes time to reflect information.
Lighting Lighting will appear at the hatchery stage, which is when there is a spontaneous breakdown that causes a bright spot.
At this stage, all the previous stages came together and produced creative and innovative ideas.
Testing Testing concerns the validation of the accuracy of the benefits of emerging ideas that can be done during the experiment, simulation prototypes and other activities designed to prove new ideas to be .
Internalization Entrepreneurial Values of Students From documentation can be explained implemented in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah Limbangan is started from the process of forming entrepreneurial spirit using core values that are integrated into the community empowerment process is a learning strategy that is more effectively when using various approaches that suit the needs of the community and in accordance or appropriately with the problem of keh in the community.
This means that the approach used can take the form of problem solving or actual case studies occurring in the community.
The process of internalizing the values of entrepreneurship students in Boarding Schools Al Fadlilah Limbangan seen from the perspective of social influence of entrepreneurship, the findings of research show there is a dependency culture .
ulture of interdependenc.
, pilot culture, tradition and religious culture, culture of success and failure, social network.
On the sociosolytic side of interdependence with business people, we have the principle of helping each other by setting an example with the support of creative ability, holding tradition, and joint commitment to the sociological side, worship with the availability of local resources and government support.
The students studied have a strong pilot culture in an effort to support the existence of social community, with their ability as inspiration in their respective The culture of Javanese tradition and religious religion (Isla.
color the sociological behavior that tidan separated from the individual behavior of the three informant entrepreneurs.
This traditional social behavior color their vision of success and usa-ha, steadfast and persistent, have the ability of self-control, confidence, this can be analyzed that in experience success even tends to several times fail.
Addressing sociologically, for students failure and success has been supported by social networks around the business, precisely encourages fortitude and persistence and strives to be independent, learn from success and failure, make energy and high spirit to strive.
Social security network in relation to consumers, suppliers, associations becomes the core entrepreneurs in Garut.
This social context has formed a vision, a culture of interdependent, conditions of market uncertainty, creativity of policy controllers in industrial centers and independent actors entrepreneurs in Garut.
Social safety networks that mean the synergy of business people appear to be a social fact that can be ignored in forming an entrepreneurial learning model.
Furthermore, when viewed entrepreneurial personality santri.
From the perspective of student personality, the study findings show that the personality values that students have include:
tolerance to risk, tolerance to capacity, creativity, firm internal supervision, stoic and persistent, self-control, confidence, and high energy / spirit.
Tolerance to risk always means that negative risks are faced vigorously by the students.
From the narrative of the students there is a side where tolerance to personality in the context of encouragement to be more persistent, proactive in dealing with problems, precisely generate creativity and make it as an inspiring capacity and learning opportunities in the face of existing risks.
Tolerance to inaccuracies is done basically with different strategies by actors, it could be by strict internal control of students, building networks with established tolerance to the risks faced.
Self-control outcomes because no business does not fall up and this is ultimately related to the growth of confidence in business.
The struggle to give up with the support of different educational backgrounds does not discourage encourages making choices to be independent are the values that exist in entrepreneurs.
Judging conditions of students who will open a business, the research findings show that there are several conditions that form the attitude and behavior of business, namely: changes in market conditions, availability of local environmental facilities, control over the availability of local facilities, financial access, the ability to build partners and aliansi, as well as the role and support This enough meaning in shaping the students who will open a business.
CONCLUSION
Vocational skills education in an effort to improve the entrepreneurial spirit in Boarding Schools is still not maximal.
It is proven that only a few Boarding Schools graduates have an entrepreneurial spirit.
Vocational proficiency education in boarding schools is more likely to provide theory than practice so that the learning stategi provided is less comprehensive, innovative, and REFERENCES