p-ISSN 2540-8216, e-ISSN 2654-3745 https://journal.
stibaiec-jakarta/ojs/index.
php/jell Journal of English Language and literature Volume 5.
Issue 2,September 2020
AN ANALYSIS OF DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISODER (DID)
EXPERIENCED BY KEVIN IN THE MOVIE AuSPLITAy Meilina Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Asing- IEC Jakarta meiliana@gmail.
Bejo Sutrisno Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Asing- IEC Jakarta bejo@stibaiec-jakarta.
Meilina and Sutrisno.
An analysis of dissociative identity disoder (DID) experienced by Kevin in the movie AuSPLITAy.
Journal of English Language and literature, 5.
, 49-56.
37110/jell.
Received: 11-07-2020 Accepted: 20-08-2020 Published:01-09-2020 Abstract: This study is under psychology umbrella.
The aim of this study is to analyze Dissociative Identity Disorder experience by Kevin, the main character in the movie Split.
This study has two objectives: .
to find out what are the symptoms or signs of DID on Kevin in the movie Split.
to find out how does Dissociative Identity Disorder effect the main characterAos life.
This study employed a qualitative method since it describing the phenomena of DID.
Moreover, the findings were presented in narrative or textual description.
Some steps in analyzing the data were : watch the movie, taking notes, sorting the data, classifying the data, coding the data, interpretation, and the last drawing conclusion.
This study reveals two findings, first, all of four classification symptoms in Kevin.
Second, three effects of this disorder has coming up to main charcater live (Kevi.
were : depersonalization or derealization, amnesia, identity confusion or identity alteration.
Keywords : Psychology.
Psychological Disorder.
Mental Illness.
Dissociative Identity Disorder INTRODUCTION People as human beings who live in the world will have a life process that started since we are in our motherAos womb, born, live, and ends with a death.
During the process, many feelings will be happening like happy, sad, love.
In every taste of feeling has advantages and disadvantages which give contribution to people characteristics.
Many experiences in people life also give bad or good impact to people life future.
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a mental disorder characterized by at least two distinct and relatively enduring identities or dissociated personality states.
These states alternately show in personAos behavior, accompanied by memory impairment for important information not explained by ordinary forgetfulness.
The cause of DID is unknown and widely debated, with debate occurring between supporters of different The expert Dr.
Jekyl and Mr.
Hyder .
explained about dissociative identity disorder also known as a multiple personality, is basically a condition that causes a person to display multiple personalities that are each distinct and that behave differently in the environment.
As the name suggests, someone with dissociative identity disorder displays very different personalities that take over at different times, and that each personality does not typically remember what the other personality did while Auin controlAy.
Currently DID is defined as Authe presence of two or more distinct identities personality states that recurrently take control of the individualAos behavior, accompanied by an inability to recall important personal Meilina & Bejo Sutrisno An analysis of dissociative identity disoder (DID) experienced by Kevin in the movie AuSPLITAy information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulnes the disorder characterized by identity fragmentation rather than a proliferation of separate personalitiesAy .
The identity of the dominant, or Auhost personality,Ay breaks off sub categorically, and identities begin to develop with Dissociative Identity Disorder 4 separate and distinct sets of memories, behavioral patterns, historical and familial backgrounds, differing physiological characteristics, and cognitive function, refers to the separate and distinct personalities of the individual as Ausub personalities or alternate personalitiesAy.
This disease is definitely going to change someoneAos character in their life.
The main character in this movie is Mr.
Mc Avoy as a Kevin , a regular guy who due to a series of traumatic child hood events .
eAore told he was left by his father and mistreated by his mother ) has created a string of alternative personalities, most of which are mentaly stronger than he was intially (Dissociative Identity Disorde.
The beginning at this movie.
Kevin brings the girls Marcia ( Jessica Sul.
Claire ( Haley Lu Richardso.
Casey ( Anya Taylor Jo.
into a windowless room in an unkown location.
The girls continue to try and find a way out.
They look trhrough a crack in the door and she what appears to be a woman talking to their captor.
Claire and Marcia call to the woman to help, she approaches the door but it just Kevin wearing a kirt and high heels.
This alter is known as Patricia, a polite british In this story Kevin have a therapist.
Dr Karen Fletcher (Betty Buckle.
she is mentions that Kevin has 23 district identities.
Karen mentions a 24 identity, new identity Kevin call AuThe BeastAy and Kevin says is indeed real.
this movie we meet the core personalities are Dennis.
Patricia,Hedwig and Barry.
Denis .
solemn, muscular perfec.
Patricia ( a strict, pious british woman ).
Hedwig ( an energetic 9 years old boy ).
Barry .
designer and have a cool character ).
The movie AuSplitAy is taken as a unit of analysis of physological conflict of DIDAos patient named Kevin, the main character in this The writer needs to find out why this patient has many characters in his life and try to explore more why his story with his family could be give the bad impact for his mental.
Based on the background mentioned, the writers focus on .
the symptoms or signs of DID on Kevin in themovie Split.
How the Dissociative Identity Disorder effect the main characterAos life.
Psychological Disorders A psychological disorder or abnormal behavior is psychological dysfunction that is associated with distress or impairment in function and response that is not typically or culturally expected (Durand & Barlow, 2.
Kaplan and Sadock .
said that psychological disorder also called it as mental illness is as any significant deviation from any ideal state of positive mental health.
Some mental health express define a psychological disorder as behaviors and cognitivr and psychological conditions experienced by an individual as disabling or distressing (Blackwekk,.
It can be concluded that psychological disorder is mental or behavior helath illness that cause either self or other significant Types of Psychological Disorders There are many different conditions that are recognized as mental illnesses.
The more common types include (Goldber.
: .
Stress response syndromes which occur when a person develops emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to a stressful event or situation.
The stressors may include natural disasters, such as an earthquake or tornado.
events or crises, such as a car accident or the diagnosis of a major illness.
interpersonal problems, such as a divorce, death of a loved one, loss of a job, or a problem with substance abuse.
Dissociative disorders.
People with these disorders suffer severe disturbances or changes in memory, consciousness, identity, and general awareness of themselves and their surroundings.
These disorders usually are associated with overwhelming stress, which may be the result of traumatic events, accidents, or disasters that may be experienced or witnessed by the individual.
Factitious disorders.
Factitious disorders are conditions in which a person knowingly and intentionally creates or complains of physical and/or emotional symptoms in order to place the individual in the role of a patient or a person in need of help.
Sexual and gender These include disorders that affect sexual desire, performance, and behavior.
Sexual dysfunction, gender identity disorder, and the paraphilias are examples of sexual and gender .
Somatic symptom disorders.
Journal of English Language and literature Volume 5.
Issue 2,September 2020 p-ISSN 2540-8216, e-ISSN 2654-3745 https://journal.
stibaiec-jakarta/ojs/index.
php/jell person with a somatic symptom disorder, formerly known as a psychosomatic disorder or somatoform disorder, experiences physical symptoms of an illness or of pain with an excessive and disproportionate level of distress, regardless of whether or not a doctor can find a medical cause for the symptoms.
Tic People with tic disorders make sounds or display nonpurposeful body movements that and/or (Sounds that are made involuntarily are called vocal tics.
Disorder is a person have more than two personalities and can changes from one identity to the other identity in seperate time which is this person feel losing time and memories.
Causes of Dissociative Identity Disorder Causes of Dissociative Identity Disorder are linked to recent formulations about psychobiology of the human trauma response and the protective activation of altered states of conscious ness as a reaction to psycholigical It is thought thatoverwhelming traumatic experiences induce an altered state in which the memories and affects relating to the trauma are encoded.
In adition, the person frequently has little conscious awareness that certain basic assumptions about the self, relationships, other people, and the nature of the world have been altered by the trauma (Licthenberg, 1.
Symptoms of Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct or split identities or personality states that continually have power over the person's behavior.
With dissociative identity disorder, there's also an inability to recall key personal information that is too far-reaching to be explained as mere With dissociative identity disorder, there are also highly distinct memory variations, which fluctuate with the person's split personality.
Along with the dissociation and multiple or split personalities, people with dissociative disorders may experience a number of other psychiatric problems, including symptoms (Gunarrsson .
Depression .
ajor depressive disorde.
is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you Fortunately, it is also treatable.
Depression causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed.
Mood swings are rapid and often extreme, fluctuations in one's emotional state, involving alternating between feelings of happiness and well-being and feelings of anger, irritability or depression.
Psychotic-like symptoms .
ncluding auditory and visual hallucianation.
is an abnormal condition of the mind that results in difficulties telling what is Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder .
r Multiple Personality Disorde.
is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states that recurrently take control of the individualAos behaviour, accompanied by an inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfuness.
It is a fragmentation, rather han proliferation of seperate personalities (Ringrose, 2.
Dissociative identity disorder, formerly called multiple personality disorder, is a type of dissociative disorder characterized by more than two personality states .
lso called alters, self-states, or identitie.
that alternate.
The disorder includes inability to recall everyday events, important personal information, and/or traumatic or stressful events, all of which would not typically be lost with ordinary The cause is almost invariably overwhelming childhood trauma.
Diagnosis is based on history, sometimes with hypnosis or drug-facilitated interviews.
Treatment is longterm psychotherapy, sometimes with drug therapy for comorbid depression and/or Austrian .
said that Dissociative identity disorder is chronic dissociative disorder whose cause is most often traumatic event, usually abuse.
It involves a series of at least two alternating identities, each of which claims to be autonomous and determines behavior, appereance and attitude when it is the AudominantAy personality.
These AualtersAy may be unaware of the traumatic experience or they may remember it.
From those definitions above, it can be summarized that Dissociative Identity Meilina & Bejo Sutrisno An analysis of dissociative identity disoder (DID) experienced by Kevin in the movie AuSPLITAy real or not.
Symptoms may include false beliefs and seeing or hearing things that others don not see or hear.
Maslow Theory .
3, 1.
in McLeod .
Based on MaslowAos theory psychological needs( line five from the to.
is meaning a people need love for another people.
Wherever people received much love from friends, family, work.
In this movie split, the main characater Kevin didnAot get love from his parents, since child his parents go away from his life.
By this accident give the bad impact from KevinAos life, his felt alone and then triying to build another character to protect and give his love, the character is only on Kevin mind not in real life.
is not due to the direct physiological effects of a subtance .
, blackouts or chaotic behavior during alcohol intoxciatio.
or general medical condition .
, complex partial Effects of Dissociative Identity Disorder Adah Sachs and Greme Galton .
stated that there are several main ways in which the psychological processes of dissociative identity disorder change the way a person experiences living, including the following:
Depersonalization or derealization.
This is a sense of being detached from one's body and is often referred to as an "out-of-body" Depersonalization derealization disorder occurs when you persistently or repeatedly have the feeling that youAore observing yourself from outside your body or you have a sense that things around you arenAot real or both.
Feelings of depersonalization or derealization cab be very disturbing and may feel like youAore living in a dream Amnesia.
This is the failure to recall significant personal information that is so extensive it cannot be blamed on ordinary There can also be microamnesias where the discussion engaged in is not remembered, or the content of a meaningful conversation is forgotten from one second to the next.
Diagnose of Dissociative Identity Disorder The person with DID essentially lives with various simultaneously active and subjectively autonomous strands of experience that are rigidly and profoundly seperated from each other in important ways such as in memory, characteristic effects, behavior, self-image, body image and thinkingstyle.
The current diagnostic criteria of dissociative identity disorder (Howell, 2.
: .
The presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states .
ach with its own realtively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self ).
At least two of these identities or personality states currently take control of the personAos behavior.
Inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to explained by ordinary forgetfullness.
The disturbance Journal of English Language and literature Volume 5.
Issue 2,September 2020 p-ISSN 2540-8216, e-ISSN 2654-3745 https://journal.
stibaiec-jakarta/ojs/index.
php/jell Identity confusion or identity Both of these involve a sense of confusion about who a person is.
example of identity confusion is when a person has trouble defining the things that interest them in life, or their political or religious or social viewpoints, or their sexual orientation, or their professional In addition to these apparent alterations, the person may experience distortions in time, place, and situation.
Psychological Approach Psychological approach is the view that some psychological relation is both necessary and sufficient for one to survive (Olson, 1.
Psychological approach is a perspective .
, vie.
that involves certain assumptions .
, belief.
about human behavior: the way they function, which aspects of them are worthy of study and what research methods are appropriate for undertaking this study (Sternberg ).
Jex and Britt stated that psychological approach is target the AusoftwareAo, learned faulty behaviors and habits, along with damaging words, thoughts, interpretations, and feedback that direct strategies for daily living.
From these definitions above, the writer conclude that psychological approach is certain assumptions about human behavior and habits in daily life and try to understand it.
the same approach in psychology.
The cognitive approach .
ncluding the cognitivedevelop mental approac.
is try to build up cognitive models of the information processing that goes on inside peopleAos minds, including perception, attention, language, memory, thinking, and consciousness.
The social approach is about understanding individual behavior in a social context.
Social psychologists therefore deal with the factors that lead us to behave in a given way in the presence of others, and look at the conditions under which certain behavior/actions and feelings occur.
Social psychology is to do with the way these feelings, thoughts, beliefs, intentions and goals are constructed and how such psychological factors, in turn, influence our interactions with others.
The biological approach is actually includes areas of study as diverse as the psychology of brain ,the influences of evolution on human behavior and the influence of genes on peopleAos individual characteristic.
METHOD
Qualitative research methods are used to examine quetions that can best be answered by verbally describing how participants in a study perceive and interpret various aspects of their environment.
Meanwhile quantitative research method are used to examine questions that can be answered by collecting and statisically analyzing data that are in numerical form.
Both of them have characteristics to support the researchers to make their research easily running.
The writer use the qualitative approach method, because this thesis analysis about psychological conflict on the film which just can be answered and described verbally.
Qualitative research involves an in depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern human behavior and this characteristic relevant to this research.
Collecting data is the important thing in this study.
The primary Source, the script and scenes of the movie AuSplitAy are used.
and the secondary source, several articles and books of Psychology and DID are used to gather more information to this study.
Types of Theoretical Approaches to Psychology There are kinds of theoretical approaches of psychology has helped us understand human behavior, thought, and feeling (Jarvis, 2.
The behavioural approach is learned, thus all behavior can be unlearned and newbehaviors learned in its place.
is concerned primarily with theobservable and measurable aspects of human behavior.
the psychodynamic approach includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious, and between the different structures of the personality.
The humanistic approach is probably interested in all aspects of MajorieAos life , past and present.
Humanistic, humanism and humanist are terms in psychology relating to an approach which studies the whole person, and the uniqueness of each individual.
Essentially, these terms refer
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The symptoms of Dissociative Identity Disorder on Kevin Meilina & Bejo Sutrisno An analysis of dissociative identity disoder (DID) experienced by Kevin in the movie AuSPLITAy In order to diagnose DID, it is important to know the symptoms.
Based on Logi Gunarsson, the people with DID require have the symptoms that usually occur.
The writer found that Kevin experiences Dissociative Identity Disorder because the causes and the symptoms are appropriate with what happened with Kevin.
Therefore, by analyzing DID portrayed in the movie AuSplitAy, the writer found the symptoms and the problems of DID phenomena.
Depression .
ajor depressive disorde.
is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act.
Fortunately, it is also Depression causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed.
Mood Swings Symptoms.
Mood swings are rapid and often extreme, fluctuations in one's emotional state, involving alternating between feelings of happiness and well-being and feelings of anger, irritability or .
Psychotic-like symptoms .
ncluding auditory and visual hallucianation.
is an abnormal condition of the mind that results in difficulties telling what is real or not.
Symptoms may include false beliefs and seeing or hearing things that others don not see or hear.
Based on MaslowAos theory.
MaslowAos theory about psychological need telling about the person need love from another people .
Kevin didnAot get affection from his family, so he try to build another charcter as his family to get love and protection.
Kevin want to feel save and full of love and also donAot feel alone in his life for the future.
experience , this feeling that the world is not real or looking foggy or far away.
In this scene, kevin have change to the last identity and they called it Authe beastAy.
Kevin crawling on the wall like a lizard and his body also chnged like what he knows and described about the .
:33:02, 1:27:.
Amnesia is the failure to recall significant personal information that is so extensive it cannot be blamed on ordinary forgetfulness.
There can also be micro-amnesias where the discussion engaged in is not remembered, or the content of a meaningful conversation is forgotten from one second to the next.
The proof is by this conversation between Casey and Kevin.
Identity confusion or identity alteration.
Both of these involve a sense of confusion about who a person is.
An example of identity confusion is when a person has trouble defining the things that interest them in life, or their political or religious or social viewpoints, or their sexual orientation, or their professional ambitions.
In addition to these apparent alterations, the person may experience distortions in time, place, and Discussion The symptoms or signs of DID on Kevin in the movie Split According to Logi Gunarsson, the symptoms of DID are depression, mood swings.
Psychotic-like symptoms .
ncluding auditory and visual hallucianation.
, and family figures especially parents how their teach and treat his child.
Depression.
In this movie Kevin had this symptom because her father left him when he is a child on a train.
Since that accident Kevin feel so alone without his father and his mother also treat him with hardness.
This is what causes it Kevin build the other characterisctic in his life, a child character (Hedwig, 9 years ol.
because he still thinks of himself as a child left by his father.
Mood swings.
In this movie show us many scene proof that Kevin always changes his mood in seperate time.
The changes is not only talk about emotion and mood but also the The effects of DID to Kevin In order to diagnose DID, it is important to know the effects.
Based on Adah Sachs and Greme Galton, the people with DID require have the effects not only for him self but also for the people aroud him.
Therefore, by analyzing DID portrayed in the movie AuSplitAy, the writer found the effects of DID Depersonalization or derealization is a sense of being detached from one's body and is often referred to as an "out-of-body" p-ISSN 2540-8216, e-ISSN 2654-3745 https://journal.
stibaiec-jakarta/ojs/index.
php/jell Journal of English Language and literature Volume 5.
Issue 2,September 2020 characters.
Kevin told that Patricia and Dennis take control of all them.
This movie also show us the changes is so significance, when Kevin as Patricia he is totally shift, example he is wearing long skirt, neckless, heels, style and tone of his speech.
Psychotic-like symptoms .
ncluding auditory and visual hallucianation.
Based on this movie, the other chracters said that Kevin is very weak so they are must protect him and keep him save.
that reason Kevin try to build a new character need a person bigger, tall and very muscular.
Family figures.
Based on MaslowAos Maslow told that humans have many needs in their life include belongingness, love needs, and safety This movie proof that Kevin didnAot get it in his life, he has been left by his parents since a child so he didnAot get the much love from them.
Based on this movie Kevin build another character like Patricia ( a british woma.
Dennis.
cool ma.
Hedwig .
boy, 9 years ol.
with the aim of completing his own daily How Dissociative Identitiy Disorder effect the main characterAos life According to Adah Sachs and Greme Galton.
DID give impact for the patient life and and the lifestyle too.
This changes is also significant, not only in main family but also in situasion work or study, friend zone, and the patient carier for the future.
The main impact the patient should face is feeling excluded even considered crazy.
Depersonalization or derealization.
this movie proof that Kevin get this effect to his life.
Kevin AuhallucinationsAy about new identity or 24th character in his life.
Kevin sure about this character can take care and save KevinAos life more than the other identity (Patricia.
Dennis.
Hedwig, et.
Even his psychiatirst told him about this new character is not real, it is just in Kevin mind and this character is so dangerous but Kevin make sure in many times to Dr.
Fletcher that the new character is real and he is on the way to coming up to Kevin life.
Amnesia.
In this movie also proof this effect to Kevin life.
When Kevin come to be another identity, his forget about what he did.
In Indonesian, have a real patient with DID, her name is Anastasia Wella from Medan, she is have nine chracters in her life.
The character not only like a woman, but also to be a man.
The man character name is Andreas .
man who likes violenc.
Wella proof this effects about amnesia, she told when she is in another identity, she forget about what she did (Iffah, 2.
Identity confusion or identity alteration.
In this movie many times show us how Kevin feel confused him self.
In seperate times Kevin as Patricia told to the Casey about Dennis will explain something for you, and after that immediately change his look like Dennis and sure told to Casey what happened to them.
Mostly this chracter change in when the patient feels scared, so he need another character to keep his save interference.
For example, in this movie when Kevin as Hedwig .
boy 9 years ol.
and somebody try to affect his mind.
Hedwig feel disturbed and need a figure that is more mature than him so Hedwig change to be Denis .
cool and muscular
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the result of the both findings and discussions, the conclusions of the research can be drawn as the following: .
Related to the symptoms.
Kevin experience all of the 4 symptoms as according to to Logi Gunarsson.
The most symptoms show in this movie is family figures as according to MaslowAos theory about belongingness and love need.
Kevin didnAot get love form his parents because his father left him on train when he is child, his mother also always being bad and talking to him in angry and highest tone.
MaslowAos theory about belongingness and love need is the important factors that human need, if this factors not fulfilled with good condition can cause a variety psychological disorder or even lead to criminal acts.
Meet all effects of DID as according to Adah Sachs and Greme Galton.
Kevin feel depression, because he only life alone since he is child till he grow up to be Meilina & Bejo Sutrisno An analysis of dissociative identity disoder (DID) experienced by Kevin in the movie AuSPLITAy a man, and always build a communication with his psychiatirst Dr.
Fletcher.
For kevin.
Dr.
Fletcher is someone who cares abouth him and accept him with psychological disorder.
Amnesia, when Kevin change to another identity and come back to real Kevin, he always told that he did it or told what activity he did when he is in Kevin real.
Identity confusion.
Kevin always change his identity in separate times, complete with his clothes and languange and intonation.
REFERENCES