Cakrawala: Jurnal Kajian Studi Manajemen Pendidikan Islam dan Studi Sosial
Vol.8 No.1. 2024
ISSN: 2580-9385 (P)
ISSN: 2581-0197 (E)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33507/cakrawala.v8i1.2002

Management of Parenting Activities as an Effort To Improve Early
Children's Development
Finadatul Wahidah1, Anita Fitriya2, Wardatus Soleha3
IAI Al-Qodiri Jember123
fynadatulwahidah@gmail.com1 , anitafitriya16@gmail.com2,
wardatussoleha89@gmail.com3

Abstract
This research describes program management parenting to improve children's
development in Early Childhood Education (PAUD), with focus on how to plan,
implement, and evaluation of parenting programs. Through approach qualitative,
this research involves participant observation, in-depth interviews and document
analysis for dig up data from the object institution study. The research results show
that the process. Parenting activities at TK Dharma Wanita 03 positively impact
increasing parental participation and understanding of effective parenting patterns.
Through a series of activities involving parents, such as seminars and recreation.
The evaluation of parenting programs is also a focus of this research. By collecting
data through surveys and interviews, evaluations are carried out to assess the extent
to which the program has achieved its objectives. The evaluation results show a
significant increase in participation and understanding of parents. The parenting
activity program implemented at TK Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember impacts
children's development, including a. Children's social-emotional development; b.
Moral and Religious Development.
Keywords: Early Children's Development, Management, Parenting Activities

Abstrak
Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan manajemen program parenting untuk meningkatkan
tumbuh kembang anak pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD), dengan fokus
pada bagaimana merencanakan, melaksanakan, dan mengevaluasi program
parenting. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini melibatkan observasi
partisipan, wawancara mendalam dan analisis dokumen untuk menggali data dari
institusi objek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses. Kegiatan
pengasuhan anak di TK Dharma Wanita 03 berdampak positif terhadap peningkatan

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partisipasi orang tua dan pemahaman pola pengasuhan yang efektif. Melalui
serangkaian kegiatan yang melibatkan orang tua, seperti seminar dan rekreasi.
Evaluasi program parenting juga menjadi fokus penelitian ini. Dengan
pengumpulan data melalui survei dan wawancara, evaluasi dilakukan untuk menilai
sejauh mana program telah mencapai tujuannya. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan
adanya peningkatan partisipasi dan pemahaman orang tua yang signifikan. Program
kegiatan pengasuhan anak yang dilaksanakan di TK Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi
Jember memberikan dampak terhadap tumbuh kembang anak antara lain a.
Perkembangan sosial emosional anak; b. Perkembangan Moral dan Keagamaan.
Kata Kunci : Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini, Manajemen, Aktivitas Pengasuhan
Anak

INTRODUCTION
Children are the most beautiful gift from God Almighty. Parents want the
best education for their children. Especially when children are still at an early age,
parents are cautious in choosing education for their children. Early childhood
education is fundamental education through coaching and developing children's
potential. Therefore, early childhood education should be adapted to the stages of
development that early childhood children go through and provide good habits to
children to stimulate their development. Early childhood (toddlers) is the golden
age period. This period is a period of rapid physical and non-physical growth
outside the womb. The golden age is 0-6 years, a period where physical, motoric,
intellectual, emotional, language and social development takes place very quickly,
which only happens once in the development of human life. 1.
Children are raised in family and school; if they know how to work
together, they will form individuals who are determined to be good. Good
cooperation and communication between parents and schools is necessary to find
the best solution for educating children. Nowadays, communication between
schools and parents is realized in the form of parenting patterns filled with various
activities called parenting. Therefore, parenting, in general, can be defined as
raising children, providing medical, educational and welfare services to their
children, and ensuring that their cognitive development requires social, moral,
spiritual and emotional satisfaction. 2.
1

Suyadi, Teori Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini Dalam Kajian Neurosains.
Bidasari, “PARENTING: METODE PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER ISLAM PADA ANAK
USIA DINI DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA (Studi Kasus 3 Keluarga Islam).”
2

2

The role of parents in supporting children's education is stated in Minister
of Education and Culture Regulation Number 23 of 2015 concerning character
development. Article 3 of the regulation notes that the involvement of parents and
the community is required for each educational institution to develop character. One
of them is that parents must play an active role in providing supervision and
guidance to children so that their learning becomes quality. The importance of the
role of parents in education is also stated in Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning
the National Education System Article 7, paragraph 1, which reads: Parents play a
role in choosing educational units and obtaining information about children's
development 3.
Sudah menjadi kewajiban bagi para orang tua untuk mencukupi kebutuhan
sekolah anaknya. Parents must meet their children's school needs. They are also
responsible for accompanying their children to study at home because sometimes
children need help understanding the subject matter they receive at school. So, it is
parents who take a role in helping resolve this problem. Parents must be motivators
for their children to achieve their dreams through education. Good knowledge and
education will make it easier for children to achieve goals, so they must learn. So
that children can carry out suitable learning activities at home, parents must create
child-friendly, comfortable and calm home conditions so that children can
concentrate more on learning.
An educational institution needs to hold parenting activities against the
need for communication between schools and parents. Parenting programs are
critical to implement because they have positive benefits for students. For example,
it can change parents' mindset about child-rearing patterns, from initially the
parenting style that was carried out not by the child's development to a parenting
pattern that is by the child's character and development; parents become confident
in providing supervision to children (Windiyanti & Sayekti, 2022 ). Through this
parenting activity, schools can convey the school's vision and mission, plans and
implementation of school programs, educational patterns carried out by the school
and the academic regulations that will be implemented. If the child's education
pattern implemented at school can be accepted and absorbed well by the parents,
Natasa, Ludfiani, and Salimi, “The Importance of Applying Parenting Education Program for The
Student’s Parent in Elementary School.”
3

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then when they are at home, the parents will know what to do according to the
school's guidelines. In the end, the expected result is the achievement of the
expected educational goals, including strengthening good character and increasing
development in children.
Kindergarten Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi is one of the PAUDs that has
implemented a parenting program and consistently implemented it. Based on an
interview with the principal of Kindergarten Dharma Wanita 03, this program
initially emerged because of the school's concern that it could not maximize student
learning achievement as an educational institution due to a lack of communication
with parents/guardians of students. The aim is for parents to increase knowledge
and attitudes in forming parenting patterns in the family and improve children's
development. Parenting programs have a significant impact on child development
and the education system. This parenting program focuses on nurturing assistance
involving physical, motoric, cognitive, moral, religious, social, emotional and
language aspects. The parenting program at TK Dharma Wanita 03 includes the
following: Eating together every Saturday, Taking field trips, Holding parenting
seminars at the opening of the new semester, and Farewell recreation at the end of
each semester.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Based on the description above, this research uses a qualitative descriptive
approach. Qualitative research is a research procedure that produces descriptive
data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observed behaviour.
In line with this, qualitative research is also defined as research that uses natural
settings to interpret phenomena that occur and involves various existing methods.
Research subjects (informants) who can help researchers describe the problem
topics proposed by researchers are school principals, teachers and parents,
guardians. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation and
documentation. The data analysis technique uses qualitative data analysis; the steps
are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Next, to test the validity of
the data obtained in the field, researchers used credibility, dependability,
confirmability and transferability techniques. The pre-research stages are pre-field,
fieldwork, analysis, and reporting.

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1.

Parenting Program Process Parenting Activities as an Effort to Improve
Early Childhood Development
Parenting is all adults' actions towards children to protect them 4. Parenting

children can be described as a series of actions, deeds and interactions from parents
to encourage the growth and development of children so that they grow and develop
through excellent and correct parenting patterns. Parenting is not a one-party or
one-way activity from parents to protect, nurture, educate, or raise them but rather
a process of interaction between two parties, namely between school and home or
between teachers and parents 5, because it provides a supportive environment.
Children's exploration and self-confidence at every stage of development are
essential things for students to gain 6.
The initial step taken by Kindergarten Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi
Jember in parenting activities is planning activities. Planning parenting activities
involves an in-depth understanding of child development, individual child needs,
and practical approaches to supporting the growth and development of early
childhood. In planning parenting activities at TK Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi
Jember, several things are carefully planned to ensure that the activities are practical
and beneficial for parents and children, namely as follows:
1) Objectives of Parenting Activities: The principal and teachers determine the
objectives of parenting activities at Dharma Wanita Kindergarten 03
Sukorambi Jember. Is the aim to provide information and skills to parents in
supporting children's development, building a support network between
parents, or providing a space for parents to share experiences and challenges in
raising children? In this case, the aim of parenting activities at Dharma Wanita
Kindergarten 03 Sukorambi Jember is often to help the development of early
childhood so that their development runs optimally;
2) Parenting Activity Schedule: The Head and Teachers of Dharma Wanita
Kindergarten 03 Sukorambi Jember plan the schedule and frequency of
parenting activities by paying attention to the time availability of parents and

4

Sri, Psikologi Keluarga, Penanaman Nilai Dan Penanganan Konflik Dalam Keluarga.
Surbakti, Parenting Anak-Anak .
6
Erikson, Childhood and Society.
5

5

children. Parenting activities at Dharma Wanita Kindergarten 03 Sukorambi
Jember are held every two years. Outside of school, recreational activities are
carried out at the end of each semester;
3) Content of Parenting Activities: Head and Teachers of Kindergarten Dharma
Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember determine the content of parenting activities that
will be delivered in parenting activities. This can include topics such as child
development, positive discipline techniques, the importance of reading with
children, how to manage children's emotions, etc. Determining the content of
parenting activities is carried out through deliberation involving parents;
4) Resources: Teachers at Dharma Wanita Kindergarten 03 Sukorambi Jember
ensure the availability of all the resources needed to carry out parenting
activities, including a comfortable classroom, presentation equipment,
supporting materials, and reading materials for parents, as well as consumption.
From the explanation above regarding planning parenting activities as an effort
to improve early childhood development, the planning process carried out by TK
Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember involves much participation from
institutional components. It considers all aspects carried out in deliberation.
Streiner's integrated planning theory emphasizes the importance of integrating
various aspects in the planning process, including goals, resources, and the
external environment. It aims to achieve harmony between the various elements
involved in achieving the goal 7.
The process of implementing parenting activities in schools varies
depending on the goals and approaches used by the school. At Kindergarten,
Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember uses a seminar/training and end-ofsemester recreation approach. Parenting activities can provide resources for
parents to support children's development. This includes learning to manage
emotions, build healthy relationships, and improve communication skills.
Parenting activities allow parents to learn about child development,
effective parenting strategies, and how to support children's educational needs.
Parents become more involved in their children's school life through parenting
activities. This can create a better connection between school and home,

7

Steiner, Trategic Planning: What Every Manager Must Know.

6

contributing to student academic and behavioural success. Parenting activities can
also create an environment that supports collaboration between parents, teachers,
and school staff, helping build a solid and supportive school community. All
teachers and guardians are involved in implementing the parenting program at TK
Dharma Wanita 03. They involve parents actively in the child's education process,
especially in the family environment.
Parenting activities allow parents to learn about child development,
effective parenting strategies, and how to support children's educational needs.
Through these activities, parents become more involved in their children's school
life. This can create a better connection between school and home, which in turn
can contribute to student's academic and behavioural success. Parenting activities
can also create an environment that supports collaboration between parents,
teachers, and school staff. This helps build a solid and supportive school
community.
All teachers and guardians are involved in implementing the parenting
program at TK Dharma Wanita 03. They involve parents actively in the child's
education process, especially in the family environment. This parental
involvement has a significant positive impact on the effectiveness of learning at
school. Apart from parenting training, Dharma Wanita 03 Kindergarten also holds
other parenting activities, as stated by Mrs. Anisa Dwi Hartini. The following is a
statement from an interview with the principal of TK Dharma Wanita 03 regarding
the parenting program: "Some of the parenting activities at TK Dharma Wanita
03 are eating together every Saturday, field trips, farewell recreation at the end of
the semester and parenting training seminars or workshops at the opening of the
new semester. held at school." From the results of the field survey through
observations and interviews that have been conducted, it can be explained that the
parenting program at the Dharma Wanita 03 Kindergarten implements various
routine activities aimed at actively involving parents in educating their children.
One of the parenting programs is Eating Together every Saturday, designed as a
series of activities involving parents, teachers, and children. Teachers, parents,
and children gather every Saturday, creating moments of togetherness, sharing
experiences, and strengthening each other. Sense of community at school. This
event is not just a routine meeting but also a space for discussion, exchange of

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ideas, and a forum for strengthening relationships between parents and between
parents and teachers. Positive collaboration is established to increase
understanding of early childhood development and support children's education.
The final step in the parenting activity process is activity evaluation.
Evaluation of parenting activities must include several important aspects to ensure
that parents provide optimal attention and support to children. Evaluation of
parenting activities at TK Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember refers to the
approach used to evaluate the effectiveness of programs or interventions to
increase parental involvement in children's education in the school environment.
This is based on Sheldon's Empowerment Theory, which states the importance of
empowering parents as partners in children's education. Evaluation of parenting
activities in schools in the context of this theory will focus on measuring parents'
level of knowledge, skills and self-confidence in supporting early childhood
education .
The school will evaluate the parenting program at TK Dharma Wanita 03.
This evaluation is carried out after the event and during work meetings held every
semester to ensure the future sustainability and improvement of the program.
Apart from that, there was an evaluation from parents using interviews, which was
also carried out to determine the level of usefulness of the program. Parents stated
that they applied what was obtained after parenting, such as implementing a more
democratic parenting style after previously tending to be authoritarian. Evaluation
also ensures that parenting program objectives, such as increasing parental
awareness, are achieved optimally. The evaluation assesses the impact of the
parenting program on child development, including improving children's skills,
social and emotional development, and academic development.
2.

Impact of the Parenting Program Parenting Activities as an Effort to
Improve Early Childhood Development
Early childhood (toddlers) is the golden age period. This period is a period

of rapid physical and non-physical growth outside the womb. The golden age is
0-6 years, a period where physical, motoric, intellectual, emotional, language and
social development takes place very quickly and only happens once in the
development of human life (Suyadi, 2014b). Early childhood is an individual
figure undergoing a rapid and fundamental development process for later life. All

8

children are born in a pure state and do not yet know, but God has equipped
children with hearing, sight and conscience; therefore, as parents, you must Direct
children so that children have good character and manners. The parenting activity
program implemented at TK Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember impacts
children's development, including social-emotional, moral, and Religious
Development.
The child's intellectual development influences the development of
religious morals in early childhood. A child's intellectual abilities have yet to reach
the point where he can learn or apply abstract principles of right and wrong. This
impacts the development of religious morals, which needs improvement. The
focus of developing spiritual and moral aspects in early childhood includes the
formation of noble and high ethical behaviour, which can be done through
instilling values related to faith, a sense of humanity, and life in society and the
state. Meanwhile, social development includes two critical aspects: social
competence and social responsibility competence. Social competence describes a
child's ability to adapt to the social environment effectively. 18 Social
development in children is dynamic and greatly influenced by the environment.
Each stage of their development shows their characteristics in social abilities,
which will become essential in subsequent development.
Parenting activities at Dharma Wanita Kindergarten 03 Sukorambi
Jember encourage parental involvement in children's education. Parents who are
actively involved tend to understand their child's needs better and can provide
better support in their child's development. Parents can communicate more easily
with teachers and school staff through parenting activities at TK Dharma Wanita
03 Sukorambi Jember. This allows for a more effective exchange of information
about the child's progress, unique needs, and how best to support the child's
development.

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CONCLUSION
The first step TK Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember took in parenting activities
was activity planning. The process of implementing parenting activities in schools
varies depending on the goals and approaches used by the school. At Kindergarten,
Dharma Wanita 03 Sukorambi Jember uses a seminar/training and end-of-semester
recreation approach. The school evaluates the parenting program at TK Dharma
Wanita 03. This evaluation is carried out after the event and during work meetings
held every semester to ensure the future sustainability and improvement of the
program. Gram in the future.

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