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HEME : Health and Medical Journal pISSN : 2685 Ae 2772 eISSN : 2685 Ae 404x Available Online at : https://jurnal.
id/index.
php/heme/issue/view/76 The Correlation of Body Height Estimation ond Forearm Length of The Mandailing Batak Tribe in Medan City Adriansyah Lubis1*.
Baari Putra Julanda1.
Dedi Andika Septiawan1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Medicolegal Medicine.
Faculty of Medicine.
Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Medan.
Indonesia Email : adriansyah.
lubis@usu.
Abstract The victim identification process is needed to recognize and differentiate the victim from another one.
Formulation height estimation is one of the components that can be identified.
Long bone measurements such as the forearm are determined to have better results for measuring the height estimation.
This study aims to determine the correlation of height estimation with forearm length measurement of the Mandailing Batak tribe in Medan City.
A cross-sectional study was performed using 86 sample people.
Chi-square Pearson and Spearman tests were used for statistical analysis.
There was a significant correlation of height estimation with forearm length with p <0.
Keywords: Anthropometry.
Height.
Identification.
forearm length Health and Medical Journal HEME.
Vol VII No 2
May 2025
INTRODUCTION
Forensic medicine is a medical science that is useful for identifying irregularities and crimes related to the human body, living or The victim identification process is needed to recognize victims and differentiate one victim from another.
There are some identification methods with high accuracy such as DNA testing, odontology .
sing dental medical record.
, and fingerprints.
2 However, not all victims were found with their bodies intact, and forensic identification cannot be done completely for identification the victims.
several cases such as plane explosions, mutilations, bombings, and natural disasters including earthquakes, landslides, and so on, most of the victims only found some parts of their bodies.
These conditions made it Therefore.
Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) was created for mass identification of victims who have died in disaster.
The number of mutilation victims is reported to increase.
It makes the author think that a victim identification process is needed for investigators to reveal the identity of the mutilation victims.
One component that can be identified to distinguish one victim from another is measuring body height.
3 Height is the measurement of a person when he is still alive, while body length is the measurement of a person .
after death.
Therefore, the identification process of estimating a person's height when he was still alive can be done by measuring the body length of the corpse .
he length of the corps.
after death.
Measuring the length of a corpse if it is still intact is easy for identification, but if the corpse is fragmented or very badly damaged, it is difficult for identification.
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For the accuracy of the estimation of height, experts have formulated a formula for determining height based on the length of the long bones.
Some formulas are formulated based on European (Wester.
measurements, so when used on Indonesians, the correction factors must be considered.
The height estimation can be done by measuring the length of one of the long bones that are still covered with muscle and skin, such as the forearm segment which is formed by 2 long bones .
adius and uln.
Based on this background, researchers want to try to identify the height estimation based on forearm length in the Mandailing Batak This study's results are hoped can be useful to support forensic identification.
II.
METHODS
This research method is observational with a cross-sectional The independent and dependent variables are observed at the same time.
This study was performed using 86 people .
otal populatio.
including men and women of the Mandailing Batak tribe in the HIMKATANA (Tanggabosi and Boruna Children Associatio.
organization in Medan City.
The range age is 21-40 years.
Inclusion criteria are men and women, age group 21-40 years, physically and mentally healthy, native Mandailing Batak tribe, and willing to be research subjects.
The native Mandailing Batak tribe are people who are descendants of the Mandailing tribe for three generations without any intermarriage with other tribes.
Exclusion criteria are having experienced a fracture or bone disorder that could interfere with measurement results or having a posture disorder.
The tools and materials used in this study are a height meter (Microtoise / Staturmete.
branded GEA SH-2A with a maximum Heme.
Vol VII No 2 May 2025 length of 200 cm, a sliding caliper branded TABLE 3.
DISTRIBUTION OF AGE.
RIGHT FOREARM
Tricle Brand with a length of 30 cm.
LENGTH.
LEFT FOREARM LENGTH.
AND RESPONDENTS' BODY HEIGHT informed consent and data sheets for the Deviation Variable Min Max Average results of subjects' measurements.
Standard i.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The variables of this study are shown in descriptive data.
The distribution data of respondents is shown in Table 1-3.
The correlation of Age.
Gender.
Right Forearm Length, and Left Forearm Length with Height is shown in Table 4.
The regression formula for the correlation between forearm length in males and females is shown in Table 5-6.
Comparison of Right Forearm Length Conversion Results Against the Researcher's Formula and Several Existing Formulas are shown in Table 7-8.
TABLE
FREQUENCY
RESPONDENTS' AGE.
DISTRIBUTION
Frequency Percentage (%) Age .
Count Variable The largest age group was 36-40 years with a frequency of 31 people .
0%) and the least was 21-25 years with a frequency of 9 people .
5%) as shown in Table 1.
TABLE
FREQUENCY
RESPONDENTS' GENDER.
Variable Gender
Male
Female Count
DISTRIBUTION
Frequency Percentage (%) Age
32,55
5,054
Right
Forearm
Length
26,23
1,479
Left
Forearm
Length
26,05
1,465
Height
161,58
6,411
Table 3 shows 86 respondents with minimum age is 21 years and maximum age is 40 years with a mean of 32.
55 A 5.
054 years.
The shortest right forearm length was 23.
3 cm, and the longest was 31.
4 cm with a mean of 23 A 1.
479 cm.
The shortest left forearm length was 23.
2 cm, and the longest was 30.
cm with a mean of 26.
05 A 1.
465 cm.
The lowest height was 149.
2 cm, and the highest height was 185.
1 cm with a mean of 161.
411 cm.
TABLE 4.
THE CORRELATION OF AGE.
GENDER,
RIGHT FOREARM LENGTH.
AND LEFT FOREARM
LENGTH WITH HEIGHT.
Height Frequency Correlation Variable .
0,009a* 0,280 Gender
0,000
-0,586
Right Forearm Length 0,000b* 0,774 Age Left Forearm 0,000b* Length a Spearman Correlation Test b Pearson Correlation Test *Significant 0,858 The largest gender was male 46 people Table 4 revealed there was a correlation .
5%) and the least was female 40 people between respondent's age and height with p<0.
Spearman correlation value .
5%) as shown in Table 2.
It showed that there is a very weak positive correlation between gender and Regarding the respondent's gender, it is known that there is a correlation between Health and Medical Journal HEME.
Vol VII No 2 May 2025 gender and height .
<0.
The Spearman correlation value .
586 which showed a weak negative correlation between gender and height.
For the right forearm length, it was found that there was a correlation between the right forearm length and height .
<0.
The Pearson correlation value .
is 774, which means there is a strong relationship between the right forearm length and height.
The left forearm length and height analysis showed there was a correlation .
<0.
The Pearson correlation value .
858, which means there is a strong correlation between the left forearm length and height.
TABLE
REGRESSION FORMULA FOR THE
CORRELATION BETWEEN FOREARM LENGTH IN MEN.
Forearm
Regression Right
Forearm
Left
Forearm
87,150 2,905
(Right Forear.
0,000 0,507 66,323 3,700 (Left Forear.
0,000 0,746 Table 5 showed the regression formula for the right forearm has a p-value <0.
meaning that the resulting regression formula is worthy of use.
The r2 value obtained was 507, meaning that the regression formula was able to explain height with 50.
7%, and 3% explained by other variables that were not studied in this research.
The regression formula for the left forearm has a p-value <0.
05, meaning that the resulting regression formula is suitable for use.
The r2 value obtained was 0.
746, meaning that the regression formula could explain 74.
6% of height, and 25.
4% was explained by other variables not studied.
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TABLE
REGRESSION
RELATIONSHIP
WOMEN
Forearm
Right
Forearm
Length
BETWEEN
FORMULA FOR THE
FOREARM LENGTH IN
Regression 88,134 2,717 (Right Forearm Left Forearm 91,540 2,609 Length (Left Forearm Lengt.
0,000 0,540 0,000 0,504 Table 6 revealed the regression formula for the right forearm has a p-value <0.
meaning that the resulting regression formula is suitable for use.
The r2 value was 0.
meaning that the regression formula was able to explain height by 54.
0%, and 46.
0% was explained by other variables not studied.
The regression formula for the left forearm also has a p-value <0.
05, meaning that the resulting regression formula is suitable for The r2 value obtained was 0.
meaning that the regression formula was able to explain height by 50.
4%, and 49.
6% was explained by other variables not studied.
This study showed a significant correlation consistent with the other research which correlated forearm length with height by Trotter-Glesser .
by a regression Height = 3.
48 x (Uln.
5 A 4.
UGM Physical Anthropology with the regression formula.
Height = 819 3.
(Right Uln.
and Height = 847 3.
05y (Left Uln.
, and Amri Amir with the regression Height = 2.
88 x (Uln.
(Male-mal.
and Height = 2.
85 x (Uln.
75 (Femal.
Heme.
Vol VII No 2 May 2025 TABLE 7.
COMPARISON OF RIGHT FOREARM
LENGTH CONVERSION RESULTS AGAINST THE
RESEARCHER'S FORMULA AND SEVERAL EXISTING
FORMULAS.
TABLE 8.
COMPARISON OF LEFT FOREARM LENGTH
CONVERSION
RESULTS
AGAINST
THE
RESEARCHER'S FORMULA AND SEVERAL EXISTING
FORMULAS.
Information :
RS: Research Subject M: Male F: Female Table 7 and Table 8 showed the significant results for the regression formula performed with the actual height estimation.
Therefore, the regression formula created by researchers can add a new vocabulary in terms of determining height estimation based on the forearm length, especially if the forearm is still complete .
till wrapped by muscle and So this researcher's regression formula can be carried out on mutilation victims whose bodies are still intact .
ot only bones/skeleton.
relationship between age and height of There is a relationship between gender and height of respondents with a value .
<0.
and the Spearman correlation value .
586 which indicates a weak negative correlation for the relationship between gender and height of respondents.
From the results of this study, it can be seen that the longer the respondent's right lower arm, the taller the respondent's body, and the same applies to the length of the respondent's left lower arm.
The linear regression formula in women for the right lower arm has a p-value <0.
05 and the r2 value obtained is 0.
540, meaning the regression formula can explain height by 0%, the remaining 46.
0% is explained by other variables that were not studied.
While the left upper arm regression formula also has a p value <0.
05 and the r2 value obtained 504, the regression formula can explain height by 50.
4%, the remaining 49.
6% is explained by other variables that were not The results of this study showed that the length of the lower arm and height in women had a significant correlation, with a very strong correlation.
There is a wide variation in estimating height from forearm length measurements of people from different regions and races.
Therefore, further research is needed and with a larger sample among people from different regions and ethnicities so that height estimation becomes more reliable and individual identity is easy to determine.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS