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DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES FOUND ON
INSTAGRAM POST OF @POEMSPORN _
Miftah Karisma Wulan Andadari a.
Putu Devi Maharania.
Gde Nova Winartab Faculty of Foreign Language Mahasaraswati Denpasar University mwulan@gmail.
coma, devmaharani86@gmail.
coma, gusdnova@gmail.
ABSTRACT
The study is focused on to find out the types of derivational affixes, the function and the general meaning of each word found in the Instagram Post @poemsporn_.
This study is used theory propose by Brinton .
and Katamba .
The writer used observation procedure method which used before analysing the data.
Then, the writer used descriptivequalitative method.
In addition, for presented the data, the writer used an informal method to present the data.
This study found there are 34 words that indicated as derivational The prefixes are 5 words.
They consist of prefix (Im-), .
-), (In-), and (Un-).
However, there are 29 words that indicated as derivational affixes by adding suffixes (-in.
, (-l.
, (-nes.
, (-o.
, (-fu.
, (-les.
, (-io.
, (-anc.
In addition, for the function of words found are indicated as class changing consist of 33 words, while class maintaining are 2 words.
The class changing functions are from verb to noun, adjective to noun, noun to adjective, and adjective to adverb.
Meanwhile, the class maintaining function is from adjective to Keywords: Derivational Affixes.
Prefix.
Suffix.
Class Changing.
Class Maintaining INTRODUCTION Communication is a bridge for people to deliver their utterance.
need language as a tool to do it.
In the language itself, there is a sentence which a combination of words that already has a meaning.
Learning about how the words are formed is a common thing.
The understanding about a word form which related to the meaning of word itself, could helped to reach a successful of communication.
Based on Brinton .
, morpheme is small pieces in language that already has meaning.
the morpheme may be not same with a word, but it may be smaller pieces.
One word may have more than one morpheme, it may two or even three morphemes.
Morpheme could be divided into two types which are free morpheme and bound morpheme.
A free morpheme could stand alone without adding any morpheme.
Meanwhile, a bound morpheme could not stand alone, it need attached by others morpheme.
Affixes is included to bound morpheme that not carried a core meaning.
It needs to attached to a free morpheme.
Lieber .
mentioned that affix is consisted of two kinds which are prefixes and suffixes.
In English there are two types of affixes which are prefix that place in the beginning of word and suffixes that place in the end of word.
According to Katamba .
, any form that https://traverse.
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Journal of Language and Applied Linguistics Vol 02 No 01, 2021: 46-54 https://dx.
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affixes are attached in word formation named a root.
The root of word could be attached with more than one affix in several words.
According to Brinton .
, derivational affix is one of types that may in affixes.
Derivational affix is to create a new word in a language.
According to Lieber .
, derivation is the progress of word that create and form become a new lexeme, before it the word should the root, because the word could be changed into a new word by adding an affix.
It has two functions such as to change the word classes .
lass changin.
and to change the meaning of the root .
lass maintainin.
The function of affixes is important to create a new lexeme in language.
The attached of affixes may changed the meaning of the root but not the word class.
Based on Brinton .
The classes of word could be changed from verb to noun, adjective to noun, adjective to verb, noun to verb, noun to adjective, verb to adjective, adjective to adverb, and noun to adverb.
As we know, reading is one of necessity in human life.
It helped people to get many new information and knowledge for themselves and others.
this modern era, there are many of platforms that shares new information and knowledge easily.
One the platforms is Instagram.
The dominant users are teenagers and adults.
The platform is place where the users could share their photos, videos, even write comments on other user account.
The user of Instagram provides several contents which are about the user life, news, new knowledge and also new information.
Generally, the contents are provided an information which in form sentences.
The word in a sentence could be analysed by everyone.
The writer chose one account that provided quotes in form of photo.
The account is @poemsporn_.
Based on the phenomenon explained above, the researcher is interested to analyze about derivational affixes.
This research aimed to find out the types of derivational affixes and the intended meaning in each word that found on Instagram Post @poemsporn_.
It helped the researcher and readers to expand the knowledge about derivational affixes and to understand the intended meanings of each word based on the data quote.
The similar study in form of an article was found with title An Analysis of Derivational and Inflectional English Morphemes.
The study was done by Halawa A.
Raflis, and Reni F .
The data were taken from Jakarta Post.
The study is focused on to find out the kinds, the function and principle of derivational and inflectional morphemes in Jakarta Post Article.
The writer used qualitative research.
The writer found 23 kinds of derivational morphemes which are prefix .
n-), .
n-), .
e-), .
is-), while suffixes (-e.
, .
, (-fu.
, (-nes.
, (-tion/-io.
, (-ence/-anc.
, (-abl.
, (-it.
, (-a.
, (-iz.
, .
, (-is.
, and (-l.
In addition.
Inflectional morpheme such as (-s/-e.
, (Ao.
, (-e.
, (-es.
, (-e.
, (-e.
, (-s/-e.
, and (-in.
The second study was proposed by Wulandari A.
with title A Morphologycal Analysis of Derivational Suffixes in Short Stories.
The data were taken from 5 short stories.
The study used descriptive-qualitative research.
the finding, the writer found 205 data that indicated as derivational affixes https://traverse.
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which in noun class, adverb class, adjective class, and verb class.
The study is focused on describing the forms and function of derivational suffixes in the short stories.
Another study in form of an article was proposed by Siboro E.
& Bram B.
with title Morphologycal Analysis of Derivational Affixes in Brothers GrimmAos The Story of Rapunzel.
The paper aimed to explore the types and function of derivational affixes.
the writer used quantitative-descriptive In the finding, he found 33 words that contained derivational affixes which are prefixes and suffixes.
In addition, he also found four function of derivational affixes such as noun formation, adjective formation, verb formation, and adverb formation.
METHODS
The data were taken from Instagram Post of @poemsporn_.
The writer chose several posts that provided a quote in form of photo from April until November.
This study is used theory proposed by Brinton .
about the types of derivational morpheme and Katamba .
about the general meaning of the derivational affixes for analysed the data.
In collected the data, the writer used observation procedure method which use several steps before analysed the data.
After collected the data, the writer used descriptive-qualitative method to analyze the data.
In addition, this study is used an informal method to showed the data, which used an explanation about the finding of this study.
This study is used the theory proposed by Brinton .
about the function of derivation affixes which there are class changing and class maintaining.
Nominalizer is part of class changing.
It is changed the class from verb to noun with suffixes (-men.
, (-e.
, (-atio.
, (-a.
, (-ance/ -enc.
In addition, from adjective to noun with suffixes (-do.
, (-it.
, and (-nes.
Verbalizer is included with suffixes (-if.
, (-iz.
, (-at.
, and (-e.
This is changed the class from adjective or noun to verb.
Adjectivalizer, this is also part of class changing.
The suffixes that indicated as the class changing from noun to adjective such as (-.
, (-ou.
, and (-fu.
addition, the is also from verb to adjective such as (-iv.
, (-abl.
, (-fu.
, and .
nt/ -an.
The last is adverbalizer.
It is changed the class from adjective or noun to adverb with suffixes (-war.
, (-l.
, and (-way.
However, it is also used theory proposed by Katamba .
about the general meaning of several representative of derivarional affixes.
For -Suffix (-e.
used to indicate a person who does whatever the verb means.
-Suffix (-in.
used for the act of doing whatever the verb indicates.
-Suffix (-men.
used for the result or product of the action of the verb.
instrument used to perform the action of the verb.
-Suffix (-nes.
for forms a noun expressing state or condition.
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-Suffix (-ise/-iz.
for bring about whatever the adjective signals.
-Suffix (-l.
used to indicate a forms adverb from adjective.
-Etc.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
RESULT
This part is presented the summaries of the finding in this study.
This study is analysed several Instagram Post from @poemsporn_.
In each of post already have several words that may indicated of derivational affixes.
In 15 Instagram Post there are 34 words that indicated as derivational From 34 words, it is consisted of prefixes and suffixes.
The words found that attached by prefixes are 5 words.
It is consisted prefix (Im-), .
, (In-), and (Un-).
However, there are 29 words that indicated as derivational affixes by adding suffixes at the end of root.
It is consisted of suffixes (-in.
, (-l.
, (-nes.
, (-o.
, (-fu.
, (-les.
, (-io.
, (-anc.
In addition, several of words found is indicated as class changing and class For the class changing is consisted of 33 words, while class maintaining are two words.
The class changing are from verb to noun, adjective to noun, noun to adjective, and adjective to adverb.
However, the class maintaining or the is not change is from adjective to adjective DISCUSSION The data is presented by an explanation in this study.
Some of representative data that found in quote of @poemsporn_ is divided into two types of derivational affixes which are prefix and suffix.
Each the derivational affixes, there would be followed by an explanation about the function and meaning of the word.
It would be explained below.
Prefix A prefix is part of an affix that attached in the beginning of the root of a This is types of bound morpheme which could not stand alone.
It should be added by others morpheme which free morpheme.
The attached of prefix may be changed the meaning of a word, but not a class of word itself.
Prefix (Im-) Data 1:
AuThe attitude of AuthatAos just how I am, take it or leave itAy is still a sign of Ay .
September 2020, @poemsporn_) The prefix is detected in the beginning of a word that underlined The prefix .
m-) is attached to the root of AumatureAy.
The general meaning of prefix .
m-) is not and it is indicated as negative https://traverse.
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The word AuimmaturityAy means the characteristic of not mature of wise.
In addition, the word found above is attached by suffix (-it.
Prefix (In-) Data 2:
AuYou cannot be interested and inconsistent.
Ay .
October 2020, @poemsporn_) The word found is AuinconsistentAy.
It is attached by prefix .
n-) in the beginning of the root of AuconsistentAy.
Generally, the prefix .
is attached to class of adjective.
it is showed a negative class which bring a meaning AunotAy.
The word means you cannot be not consistent about a thing.
Prefix (Un-) Data 3:
AuDear best friend, thank you for being my unpaid therapistAy.
November 2020, @poemsporn_) The word AuUnpaidAy is formed from Au(Un-)Ay which the bound morpheme and AupaidAy a free morpheme.
The prefix is part of negative prefix that means not.
The general meaning from the prefix is reversive and it is attached with verb.
However, the word is also indicated as inflectional affixes which past tense (-e.
, it used to correct the grammar that something has done.
The word found above means must not pay for something good that best friend did.
Suffixes It is a bound morpheme that attached in the end of root of the word.
After attached a suffix, the word may have different class of the word.
There are several types of suffixes that would be explained above such as (-o.
, (-l.
, (-in.
, (-fu.
, (-les.
, (-tio.
, (-anc.
, and (-nes.
Suffix (-in.
Data 4:
AuWhen your mental health is bad, give yourself a break.
DonAot make yourself feel guilty for things you canAot do.
DonAot feel bad about eating bad, about not doing as much as you normally would.
YouAore human.
ItAos okay to Look after yourself, and your mind.
ItAos important.
Ay .
May 2020, @poemsporn_) The word AuEatingAy in the data above is derived from verb to the word found is attached by suffix (-in.
Based on Katamba .
, the general meaning of suffix (-in.
is the act of the verb is signified.
The intended meaning of that word is feeling bad to eat something or not has interest to eating.
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Data 5:
AuThe best feeling in the entire world.
Ay .
August 2020, @poemsporn_) AuFeelingAy is the word found that indicated as derivational it derived from verb to noun.
The word AubestAy is described the word AufeelingAy, because that is the core in that sentence.
addition, the word found is combined from two morphemes such as free morpheme which the root of a word AufeelAy and the suffix (-in.
is included to bound morpheme.
The AufeelingAy in the data is the Data 6:
AuYou cannot see your reflection in boiling water.
Ay .
October 2020, @poemsporn_) The underlined word above is type of derivational with suffix .
The suffix is attached in the end of the root of a word which is AuboilAy.
The word is derived from verb to noun.
it derived, because the word AuboilingAy is modified or supported the word AuwaterAy which is the class is noun.
the general meaning of suffix (-in.
is the act of doing whatever the verb is indicates.
The word found means about the boiling water.
Suffix (-l.
Data 7:
AuWhen you realize you could walk directly into your best friendAos.
Ay .
August 2020, @poemsporn_) The root of a word AudirectAy is attached by suffix (-l.
Commonly, the suffix is added to the adjective class and derived to adverb class.
The general meaning of suffix (-l.
is forms of adverb from adjective.
The word AudirectlyAy based on data above is direct or without intermediary or media.
Data 8:
AuAs an adult, itAos your responsibility to figure out which of your traits are toxic and are negatively impactful towards other people and the ones you love, and to eventually learn how to fix them.
Ay .
September 2020, @poemsporn_) The word found is marked by underlining the word.
It is derived from adjective to adverb class.
The word is consisted of two morphemes, the first is AueventualAy which is a free morpheme and second morpheme Au(-l.
Ay which a bound morpheme.
The word found means a description of time which is finally or at the end.
Data 9:
AuTalking to someone with an open mind is seriously one of my favorite things because thereAos never an end to what you can talk about and learnAy.
October 2020, @poemsporn_) AuSeriousAy is the root of the word found in data above.
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is attached by suffix (-l.
The word is derived into adverb formation.
The word means the expression of saying something that truly Suffix (-fu.
Data 10:
AuIt took me a long time to realize that not everything in life is meant to be a beautiful story.
Ay .
September 2020, @poemsporn_) The word found in data above is AuBeautifulAy.
There are two morphemes which are AubeautyAy as the free morpheme and Au-fulAy as the bound morpheme.
The general meaning of suffix (-fu.
is filled with the noun which is beauty in the word found.
The word is derived from noun to adjective.
however, based on the data, the word found is indicated as noun, because it is described or modified the word AustoryAy.
The meaning of data above is everything in life may not ending with a story that full of good memories.
Suffix (-tio.
Data 11:
AuSometime you have to put aside what you feel for them, and pay attention to what their actions are saying they feel for you.
Ay .
September 2020, @poemsporn_) The data above showed a word that indicated as derivational suffixes by adding suffix (-io.
The words AuattentionAy is derived from verb to noun.
The general meaning of suffix (-io.
is derived noun of condition or action from verb.
However, the word found means to give an interest to something.
In addition, there is also one word more that indicated wit suffix (-io.
which is AuactionsAy.
It is also derived from verb to noun.
That word is also attached by suffix (-.
that indicated as inflectional affixes.
The word AuactionAy means the behavior of someone.
Suffix (-les.
Data 12:
AuHonor the friendship that allow you to pick up from where you last left off, regardless of how long itAos been since you connected.
September 2020, @poemsporn_) The formed of AuRegardlessAy is from two morphemes such as AuregardAy which free morpheme and Au(-les.
Ay which bound It derived from noun to adjective.
The general meaning of suffix (-les.
that attached to a word found which AulessAy is the act of does not has or without the noun.
Based on the data, it means the act of not paying attention to something.
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Suffix (-nes.
Data 13:
AuDonAot put your happiness on hold for someone who isnAot holding on to you.
Some chapters just have to close without closure.
Ay .
September 2020, @poemsporn_) The word found in the data above is AuHappinessAy.
The general meaning of suffix (-nes.
is a form a noun expressing state or The word found is formed from AuhappyAy which adjective, to AuhappinessAy which is noun class.
However, based on the data, the word means the expression of happy.
Suffix (-o.
Data 14:
AuAn overthinker must date a great communicator.
Ay .
October 2020, @poemsporn_) AucommunicatorAy is consisted of two morphemes.
The root is AucommunicateAy and the suffix is Au(-o.
The general meaning of suffix (-o.
is a person who does whatever the verb means which the verb is communicate.
The class is derived from verb to noun by adding the suffix at the end of the root.
The word means the person who do a communication.
Suffix (-anc.
Data 15:
AuDonAot force your importance in someoneAos lifeAy.
November 2020, @poemsporn_) The underlined word is attached by suffix (-anc.
The word is derived after adding a suffix from verb to noun.
The general meaning of suffix (-anc.
is derived noun of action from verb.
However, the word means donAot force your interest on something.
CONCLUSION
Morpheme could be divided into two types such as free and bound Free morpheme could stand alone which does not need any help from other morpheme.
Meanwhile, bound morpheme is the opposite of free morpheme that could not stand alone and need attached by the other Derivational affixes is included of bound morpheme and it is have two kinds of affixes such as prefix and suffix.
Prefix is place in the beginning while suffix is in the end of the root.
Based on the finding in this study, there are more than 30 words that indicated as derivational affixes.
The words found are consisted of prefixes and suffixes.
The prefixes are (Im-), .
-), (In-), and (Un-).
Then, for the suffixes are (-in.
, (-l.
, (-nes.
, (-o.
, (-fu.
, (-les.
, (-io.
, (-anc.
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addition, for the function there are found as class changing and class The writer hope that this study is useful and helpful for the reader to understand and expand the knowledge about derivational affixes.
However, more know about how the word is formed and reduce the error of the use of affixes in forming a word.
REFERENCES