ISSN 2087-3336 (Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
TEKNOSAINS: Jurnal Sains.
Teknologi dan Informatika Vol.
No 1, 2025, page.
http://jurnal.
id/index.
php/tekno DOI: 10.
Analysis of the strength of the frame construction on the nyamplung bean peeling machine using the finite element method Asep Dharmanto*.
Angger Haris Muzakki.
Hilman Sholih.
Aswin Domodite *Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi.
Cileungsi.
Bogor.
Jawa Barat.
Indonesia.
Jl.
Anggrek.
No.
Perum PTSC.
Cileungsi.
Bogor.
Jawa Barat.
Indonesia Submitted: 14/01/2024 adharmanto@gmail.
Revised: 13/07/2024 Accepted: 21/07/2024 ABSTRACT The frame of the nyamplung bean peeling machine is a very important component in this design, the frame functions as a fulcrum for the mechanical and electrical components.
The problem that occurred during observations was that when testing the nyamplung bean peeling machine at maximum rotation, the frame experienced vibrations.
The aim of this research is to determine the stress distribution and deflection resulting from static loading on the frame of the Nyamplung bean peeling machine and to compare hollow tube materials with angle iron, which of these two types of material is more efficient.
The framework structure was designed and analyzed using Solidwork 2021 software.
There are several tests used, but most often the computational method is used using the Finite Element Method (FEM).
frame 1 calculations using housing and crusher loading of 50kg.
The results of the simulation obtained a bending strength of 18 N/mm2, while manual calculations obtained a result of 19.
94 N/mm2.
Permissible stress in ASTM A36 material 160 N/mm2.
The displacement in manual calculations was found to be 0.
120 mm, whereas using simulation it 077 mm.
In frame 2 the results obtained from manual calculations were with a bending stress of 13.
84 N/mm2.
With simulation, the results obtained were 13 N/mm2, and the displacement in manual calculations was obtained at 117 mm, whereas using simulation it was 0.
08 mm.
Keywords: Framework.
FEM, nyamplung seeds INTRODUCTION In the current era of development, the world energy crisis, which is marked by soaring oil prices, has encouraged the world's population to shift their energy sources to renewable energy which is more environmentally friendly and renewable, one form of energy is biodiesel .
Biodiesel itself is oil from plants that are transformed into diesel oil for vehicles with diesel engines, one of the raw materials for biodiesel is nyamplung seeds .
The frame of the nyamplung bean peeling machine is a very important component in this design, the frame functions as a fulcrum for the mechanical and electrical components .
The problem that occurred during observations was that when testing the nyamplung bean peeling machine at maximum rotation, the frame experienced vibrations .
With this, the frame must have properties that are strong, light, and resistant to vibrations and shocks received from the load of each machine component .
Loading on the frame will affect the occurrence of deflection in frame construction, making it prone to cracking and even breaking .
The frame is a very important part of the nyamplung bean peeling machine, so when designing a frame it must be taken into account carefully and minimize failures in the frame .
Therefore, the safety factor of this frame is of particular concern.
Many testing methods have been carried out to obtain frame design results so that they can meet safety standards .
Based on research carried out, the frame design for the nyamplung bean peeling machine was designed using two different types of materials as an initial comparison before entering the fabrication TEKNOSAINS: Jurnal Sains.
Teknologi dan Informatika is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.
0 International License.
ISSN 2087-3336
(Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
2 Angger Haris Muzakki.
Asep Dharmanto.
Hilman Sholih Design of a welding table as a medium for determining elbow points and joints process .
The materials used for comparison are hollow tubes and angel iron .
It is hoped that by comparing the two types of materials, the resulting frame design will be more efficient in terms of price and strength of the frame itself .
The type of testing used in this design is using a computational method using the element method or FEA (Finite element analysi.
The finite element analysis method is a numerical solution method that uses an approach by dividing .
the object being analyzed into finite and interrelated elements.
FEA itself is widely used in problems in the world of engineering, as a tool for analyzing structural strength, corrosion, heat transfer, and fluid flow .
This research aims to analyze the strength of the Nyamplung bean peeling machine frame construction.
METHOD
Simulation flow diagram using FEM: To determine the construction strength of the frame of the Nyamplung bean peeling machine, analysis was carried out using FEM .
inite element metho.
This method aims to be a comparison between calculations using manual calculation analysis and using software so that construction errors can be minimized as can be seen in the flow chart in Figure 1.
Start Static analysis Material input Input frame support area Loading input Perform mesh and path Safe Framework analysis results Conclusion Finished Figure 1.
Flow chart of FEM analysis RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Von Mises simulation in Framework 1 using the finite element method (FEM) Von Mises stress is a feature used to measure material failure or analyze several stresses or is called principal stress .
With this simulation, we can find out the ductility and elasticity of a ISSN 2087-3336 (Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
DOI 10.
37373/tekno.
material so that when a load is applied to the frame construction it can return to its original shape so the frame can be said to be safe.
We can see in Figure 2 the simulation results of frame 1.
Figure 2.
Von Mises simulation results for frame 1 In the simulation using Solidworks, there is a maximum stress found in the analysis using FEM.
Figure 2, the results obtained by simulation using the finite element method in Solidworks for the maximum stress have a value of 18 N/mm2.
These results can be said to be safe because the stress obtained does not exceed the allowable strength of 160 N/mm2 for ASTM A36 material.
The construction uses hollow tube material 40 x 40 x 1.
Displacement simulation on frame 1 using finite element method (FEM) Displacement is a movement towards the original position of the material under load.
It can help describe the safety of the material you want to use before the production process is carried out.
With this simulation, we can find out the creep that occurs in a material so that when a load is applied to the frame construction it can return to its original shape so the frame can be said to be safe.
We can see in Figure 3 the simulation results of frame 1.
Figure 3.
Results of frame 1 displacement simulation In the simulation in Figure 3, the displacement obtained in the design of frame 1 of the nyamplung bean peeling machine under static loading is obtained.
The results of the displacement in frame design 1, the displacement or change that occurs in the material is 0.
077 mm.
In this simulation, it is said to be safe because the change in shear is not too large.
Safety factor simulation on frame 1 using finite element method (FEM) 4 Angger Haris Muzakki.
Asep Dharmanto.
Hilman Sholih Design of a welding table as a medium for determining elbow points and joints The safety factor is a factor used to evaluate so that the design or design created is guaranteed to be safe.
The value of the safety factor is the most important in a design or design that will be made.
When a system receives a load that is outside the calculation, the aim is to minimize failures during The greater the safety factor, the better the design, or conversely, the smaller the safety factor, the design is said to be unsafe to use.
Figure 4.
Safety factor simulation results for Framework 1 In the simulation in Figure 4, the safety factor obtained in the design of the nyamplung bean peeling machine framework under loading, the safety factor results obtained in the design using hollow tube material are 3.
The minimum safety factor obtained is 1.
2 so this construction is declared safe.
If the safety factors are obtained in the simulation then changes to the construction design must be made.
Von Mises simulation in Framework 2 using the finite element method (FEM) Von Mises stress is a feature used to measure material failure or analyze several stresses or is called principal stress.
With this simulation, we can find out the ductility and elasticity of a material so that when a load is applied to the frame construction it can return to its original shape so the frame can be said to be safe.
We can see in Figure 5 the simulation results of frame 2.
Figure 5.
Von Mises simulation results for Framework 2 In the simulation using Solidworks, there is a maximum stress found in the analysis using FEM.
Figure 5, the results obtained by simulation using the finite element method in Solidworks for the maximum stress have a value of 13 N/mm2.
These results can be said to be safe because the stress ISSN 2087-3336 (Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
DOI 10.
37373/tekno.
obtained does not exceed the allowable strength of 250 N/mm2 for ASTM A36 material.
The construction uses angle iron material 40 x 40 x 5mm.
Displacement simulation on frame 2 using finite element method (FEM) Displacement is a movement towards the original position of the material under load.
It can help describe the safety of the material you want to use before the production process is carried out.
We can see in Figure 4 the simulation results of frame 1.
Figure 6.
Results of displacement analysis of frame 2 In the simulation in Figure 6, the displacement obtained in the frame design of 1 Nyamplung bean peeling machine under static loading shows the results of the displacement in the design using angle iron material of 0.
8 mm.
The changes that occur are not so large that the material is still able to return to its original position.
Because the nature of the material has elastic properties when a load is placed on the construction it can adapt to the conditions that occur.
In frame design 2, it is quite small, no more than 1 mm of creep occurs in the frame of the nyamplung bean peeling machine.
Safety factor simulation on frame 2 using finite element method (FEM) The safety factor is a factor used to evaluate so that the design or design created is guaranteed to be safe.
The value of the safety factor is the most important in a design or design that will be made.
When a system receives a load that is outside the calculation, the aim is to minimize failures during The greater the safety factor, the better the design, or conversely, the smaller the safety factor, the design is said to be unsafe to use.
Figure 7.
Results of safety factor analysis for framework 2 6 Angger Haris Muzakki.
Asep Dharmanto.
Hilman Sholih Design of a welding table as a medium for determining elbow points and joints In the simulation in Figure 7, the safety factor obtained in the design of the nyamplung bean peeling machine framework under loading, the safety factor results obtained in the design using hollow tube material are 3.
The minimum safety factor obtained is 1.
2 so this construction is declared safe.
If the safety factors are obtained in the simulation then changes to the construction design must be made.
Analysis results in both tests using finite element method .
and manual calculations In simulations using Solidworks and manual calculations, results were obtained for frame design 1 with hollow tube material with a load of 490.
With this simulation, we can find out that the construction strength of frame design 1 is safe enough to use with hollow tube material specifications of 40 x 40 x 1.
2 mm.
In this design, the type of steel used is ASTM A36.
In frame design 2 the results obtained are as good as frame design 1, however, this design uses angle iron material with material specifications of 40 x 40 x 5mm so it is safe to use on nyamplung bean peeling machines.
The following are the results of the calculations for the two types of material, which can be seen in Table 1.
No.
Symbol Pk < Pcr Table 1.
Manual calculation results The calculation results The calculation results Framework 1 Framework 2 94 N/mm2 83 N/mm2 120 mm 117 mm 63 N/mm2 307 N/mm2 122,55N < 65.
147,2N
55N < 67.
224,2N
E ASTM A36
Material Ijin 160 N/mm2 160 N/mm2 N/A In Table 2 we can conclude which materials can be used.
The two types of frame designs 1-2, which one is more efficient in making the frame for the Nyamplung bean peeling machine.
From the results of the data that has been made, the use of hollow tubing material is more effective because the thickness is much smaller and the price of the iron is cheaper.
No.
Calculation Von mises Discplacement Table 2.
Simulation results using FEM Framework 1 Framework 2 calculation results calculation results 18 N/mm2 13 N/mm2 0,077 mm 0,08 mm E Ijin ASTM A36 160 N/mm2 In the simulation using Solidworks, there is a maximum stress and a minimum stress found in the analysis using FEM.
The material used in this construction is a 40 x 40 x 1.
2mm hollow tube and the steel specifications used ASTM A36 can be said to be safe because in the simulation it is still below the yield strength of the ASTM A36 material.
CONCLUSION
Calculation of frame 1 using housing and crusher loading of 50kg.
The results of the simulation obtained a bending strength of 18 N/mm2, while manual calculations obtained a result of 19.
N/mm2.
Allowable stress in ASTM A36 material 160 N/mm2.
The displacement in manual calculations was found to be 0.
120 mm, whereas using simulation it was 0.
077 mm.
In frame 2 the results obtained from manual calculations were with a bending stress of 13.
84 N/mm2.
With simulation, the results obtained were 13 N/mm2, and the displacement in manual calculations was obtained at 0.
117 mm, whereas using simulation it was 0.
08 mm.
REFERENCES