Analysis of APOAeB Serum Level in Balb/C Mice Hypercholesterolemic Against Temulawak Extract (Curcuma xanthoriza Rox.
Ryadatus Sholihah1.
Shofwan Haris1.
Yogi Khoirul Abror1 Department of Medical Laboratory Technology.
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Ngudia Husada Madura.
Madura.
Indonesia Correspondence:
Ryadatus Sholihah.
Jl.
Martadinata.
No.
45 Mlajah.
Bangkalan.
East Java.
Indonesia Zip Code : 69112 Email: ryads.
lpm@gmail.
Received: January 23, 2019 Revised: March 24, 2019 Accepted: March 26, 2019 Abstract APOAeB Serum levels is the most predictive value for the incidence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb contains curcumin, which can be used as an antioxidant, antiAeinflammatory and The mechanism of curcumin contained in ginger to reduce cholesterol is due to its function as a cholagoga or bile stimulant.
This study aims to determine the effect of temulawak extract on the levels of APOAeB Serum in hypercholesterolemia mice.
This research were a true experimental study with a postAetest only control group design carried out in February 2018.
The extraction As much as 25 mice were divided into 5 groups where are group consisted of 5 mice.
Positive control group (K ) were treated with high cholesterol feed and water, negative control group (KA.
were given standard feed and water, treatment group 1 (P.
were given high cholesterol food and 25mg/kg BW of curcuma extract for 14 days, treatment group 2 (P.
were treated with foods high in cholesterol and 50mg/kg BW of curcuma extract for 14 days and treatment group 3 (P.
treated with high cholesterol and ginger extract 75mg/kg BW for 14 days.
Examination of APOAeB levels were measured using the spectrophotometric method.
Data were analyzed using OneAeWay Anova.
The results showed that the average of APOAeB level at (K ) was 209.
7 A 1.
mg / dL, at (KA.
3 A 1.
04 mg / dL, at (P.
4 A 1.
mg / dL, at (P.
6 A 1.
12 mg / dL, at (P.
1 A 1.
mg / dL.
Based on the results of statistical test it was found that there was a significant decrease in APOAeB levels with pAevalue=0.
001 at alpha 0.
<).
Keywords Temulawak
INTRODUCTION
apoAeB mortality rate of coronary heart disease is still Coronary Heart Disease is still one of the high, in both developed countries and diseases feared by most people because the developing countries.
According to the data from the World Health Organization (WHO).
Ryadatus Sholihsh, et al.
in 2012 around 17.
5 million people, deaths in using niacin.
Hepatysis occurs in up to 3% in the world were caused by heart and blood vessel disease.
It represented 31% of the Development of new drugs is needed which causes of death worldwide.
One of the is safer, cheaper and more effective in laboratory markers that can be assessed the improving lipid profiles.
risk of cardiovascular disease is by checking cholesterol levels.
One of the natural ingredients that is widely used in society empirically is Laboratory tests that can be carried out to Curcuma xanthorrhiza is a include blood total cholesterol levels, levels native plant that is growing in Indonesia and of low density lipoportein (LDL), high its resources are very abundant in Madura, especially in Bangkalan.
Bangkalan is a Apolipoprotein B (APOAeB).
Apolipoprotein district that is well known for its richness of B is an amphipatic protein and the only plants that can function as an alternative protein known to require lipids for its The part of this plant that is often secretions.
In humans there are two APOAe used is the rhizome.
This plant can grow well B isoforms, namely APO BAe100 containing and adapt in the open or under the shade of 4536 amino acids and APO BAe48 containing trees to a shade level of 40%.
Several studies 2152 amino acids.
Both types of APOAeB have shown that ginger can be used as a drug, have the function of binding to LDL antimicrobial, antibacterial and antioxidant receptors and also play a role in the .
(HDL),
The The chemical content of the temulawak could be distinguished from the starch nicotinic acid.
Fibric acid.
HMG CoA fraction, which is the largest fraction, in the Reductase Inhibitor .
, and bile acid The use of statins in maximum doses curcuminoid fraction, these oil yellow to such as atorvastatin .
mg/da.
has been reddishAegiving component in the ginger rhizome and essential oil fraction, which is a hypercholesterolemic patients.
The use of component consisting of monoterpenes and niacin at a dose of 3 g/day up to 4.
5 gr/day can reduce LDL up to 25%.
However, the use Curcumin is a fraction of curcuminoids, of statins and niacin can distrub side effects, which have a broadAespectrum biological Curcumin in temulawak can work as LDL yellowishAewhite teratogenic effects on growing cells.
Peptic antiAeinflammatory, gastritis or ulcer is a common reason for not The mechanism of Ina J Med Lab Sci Tech 2019.
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Ryadatus Sholihsh, et al.
curcumin in ginger to reduce cholesterol is cages, sonde, 1 mL syringe, centrifuge, due to its function as a cholagoga or bile The activity of the ginger rhizome photometers, sample cups, micropipets, is characterized by increasing production and Tubes.
secretion of bile.
by increasing excretion of Procedure bile it will reduce high cholesterol levels .
Method of making ethanol extract of Based on the background described above, curcuma rhizome the researcher intends to conduct a research Extraction was carried out by maceration on the effect of temulawak extract on APOAe method, by means of 75 grams of dried B levels in Hypercholesterolemic mice ginger powder put into maserator.
Then, as much as 96% ethanol solvent 400 mL were MATERIALS AND METHODS This added and shaked for 1 hour to achieve a homogeneous condition in the waterbath experimental, using quantitative analysis shaker at a speed of 120 rpm for 1 hour.
The The population of this study was solution was macerated for 24 hours at room male mice (Mus musculu.
of balb/c strain with a body weight of 20Ae30 grams, 2Ae3 After 24 hours, the solution was filtered months of age obtained from the Faculty of or separated using a Buchner filter.
The Veterinary Medicine.
Airlangga University, residue from the filtering process was winded Surabaya.
The reseach was conducted at and remaserated again for 24 hours.
The Samples from this study were maceration was repeated up to 3 times.
Then, mice, male strain balb/c taken from the the mixed solution filtering results 1 to 3 with population randomly as many as 42 tails then the rotary vacuum evaporator at 50 until a grouped into 3 groups.
concentrated extract with a concentration of Material 100% was obtained.
Then, extract made a Curcuma rhizome, quail egg yolk, 96% CMC (Natrium Carboxymethyle Cellulos.
, standard feed, drinking water.
APOAeB reagent kits from dose of 25 mg/kg BB, 50 mg/kg BB and 75 mg/kg BB using Na CMC 0.
5% solvent.
Animal Preparation A total of 25 mice were weighed and Human Companies.
recorded their weight, they are divided into 5 Tool treatment groups.
Positive control group Blades.
Buchner.
Ina J Med Lab Sci Tech 2019.
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drinking water, negative control group (KA.
were treated with standard feed and drinking evaporator, glassware, 30x20 cm mouse (K ) were treated with high cholesterol and Ryadatus Sholihsh, et al.
water, treatment group 1 (P.
were given high cholesterol food and 25mg/kg BW of The negative control group (KA.
was only curcuma extract for 14 days, treatment group given standard feed and drinking water in 2 (P.
were given high cholesterol food and ad libitum 50 mg/kg BB of curcuma extract for 14 days The first treatment group (P.
was given and treatment group 3 (P.
were given high temulawak extract using a sonde to the cholesterol and ginger extract 75 mg/kg BB stomach at a dose of 25 mg/kg BB for 14 for 14 days.
Each group was placed in a cage days, giving standard feed and drinking measuring 30x20 cm cage.
Each cage water in ad libitum.
contained 5 mice and was adapted to be given The second treatment group (P.
was a standard CP 511 feed and drinking water in given temulawak extract using a sonde to ad libitum for 7 days as an acclimati zation the stomach at a dose of 50 mg/kg BB for After 7 days of acclimati zation, the 14 days, standard feed and drinking water mice were weighed again and the object of in ad libitum.
the study were mice weighing approximately The third treatment group (P.
was given 25 grams, mice that fit the criteria in groups temulawak extract using a sonde to the K( ).
P1.
P2, and P3 were given quail egg stomach at a dose of 75 mg/kg BB for 14 yolks using a sonde to the stomach 1 time/day days, standard feed and drinking water in for 7 days.
On the 8th day, one mouse was ad libitum.
taken from each groups to be checked its total The treatment for giving curcumin cholesterol levels.
extract is given for 14 days.
Mice were fasted Mice were fasted for 10 hours before on the 15th day for 10 hours but the mice being examined for total cholesterol levels.
were still given a drink.
Mice were taken in 5 the blood of mice was taken using a 1mL treatment groups or a total of 25 mice in the syringe through the heart, then a total three treatment groups to be examined for cholesterol level was examined using a APOAeB levels.
Mice anesthetized using POCT Mice After losing consciousness, mice are dissected using a scalpel and take the blood.
blood was taken using 1 mL above 82 mg/dL) from the examination of syringe through the heart as much as 1 mL total cholesterol levels, then given the from each mouse.
Mice that have been taken following treatment:
for blood were not used anymore because Positive control (K ) group was given they have been sacrificed .
ice destroye.
holesterol high cholesterol and drinking water in ad Ina J Med Lab Sci Tech 2019.
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Ryadatus Sholihsh, et al.
Examination of APOAeB Levels Lmg/dl, where the total cholesterol level was The blood that has been taken from mice normal in mice ranging from 26Ae82 mg/dL.
then centrifuged to take the serum, then the Based on the average, it can be seen that mice serum was inserted into Prestige 24 i.
have been hypercholesteloremic.
After being Analysis Techniques given treatment in accordance with the Analysis of data used in this study was to treatment group for 14 days, the average compare differences in APOAeB Serum levels examination results of APOAeB levels were in the three treatment groups using SPSS.
7A1.
02 mg/dL in the Positive control the data is normally distributed then it will group (K ).
3A1.
04 mg/dL in the use the Parametric statistical test One Way negative control group (KA.
4A1.
ANOVA test, but if the data is not normally mg/dL in treatment group 1 (P.
distributed, it using the KruskallAeWallis 12 mg/dL in treatment group 2 (P.
and NonAeParametric statistical test.
1A1.
10 mg/dL in treatment group 3 (P.
RESULTS
The lowest average was found in the The results the average, cholesterol level in mice after giving a sonde treatment group 3 given temulawak extract at a dose of 75 mg/kg BB.
of quail egg yolk for 7 days was 128 A 1.
The Effect of temulawak extract to APO-B serum levels APO-B Serum Levels K( ) k(-) Groups Fig 1.
The effect of temulawak extract to APOAeB serum levels DISCUSSION in line with the research conducted by Effect of High Fat Feeding on Total Santiago .
which proved that each mouse Cholesterol Levels given a highAefat feed diet had dyslipidemia or 128A1.
02 mg/dL.
The results of this study are Ina J Med Lab Sci Tech 2019.
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increased levels of lipid profiles.
High fat feed is given for 2 weeks, this In the positive control group (K ) was Ryadatus Sholihsh, et al.
means that the mice remain in a state of through a mechanism of inhibition of the The results of this study enzyme activity HMGCoA reductase and showed a higher lipid profile in the positive ACAT control group (K ) compared to the treatment apolipoprotein B by the liver .
This shows a highAefat diet has an positives effect on lipid profiles.
Fats contained in food will be broken Curcumin ingredient, namely curcumin, curcumin plays cholesterolAe7aAe hydroxylase hepatic enzyme activity.
This phospholipids and free fatty acids when enzyme contained in liver cells catalyzes the digested in the intestine.
These four fat change in cholesterol into bile salts.
The elements will be absorbed from the intestine increase activity of this enzyme shows an and enter into the blood.
the increase in increase in cholesterol catabolism.
The absorption of fat will cause the condition of reaction of 7aAehydroxylase in cholesterol The higher the level of biosynthesis is the first step that must be fat in the food, the higher the level of lipid present in bile acid biosynthesis.
As a result profiles total cholesterol and Apo B in the of stimulation of this enzyme by curcumin, body .
the change in hepatic cholesterol into bile Effect of Temulawak Extract on APOAeB Levels cholesterol levels in the liver.
In order to meet The results of Apo B levels in the positive the cholesterol needs, the number of LDL control group (K ) tended to be higher than receptors in the liver will be increased, so that in the treatment group (P1.
P2 and P.
, there there is an increase in LDL uptake.
The were significant differences in Apo B levels decreased cholesterol levels.
LDL and in each groups, where the higher dose was increased levels of HDL plasma cholesterol given, the value Apo B levels will decrease.
The Temulawak extract dose given is 25 In a previous study conducted by .
, the mg/kg BB, 50 mg/kg BB and 75 mg/kg BB study concluded that ginger extract at a dose This is in line with the statement of 100 mg/kg BB and 400 mg/kg BB could that the content of flavonoids in ginger in the reduce total cholesterol levels by >20% in form of hesperidin can inhibit the secretion of rats given high fat feed, where total Apo BAe100 by the liver, thus affecting the cholesterol consisted of LDL.
HDL and level of Apo B in the blood.
Hesperidin is the main flavonoid in temulwak has been shown to be hypocholesterolemic.
Hesperidin works Ina J Med Lab Sci Tech 2019.
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Ryadatus Sholihsh, et al.
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLADGEMENTS
Based on the results of research that has Acknowledgments are given to several been conducted on the effect temulawak parties who have helped and been involved, extract on APOAeB levels in mice, it can be concluded that there was a significant Dr.
Mustofa Haris as Chairman of the difference in the decrease in APOAeB levels :
Ngudia Husada Madura Foundation in the positive control group (K ) tended to which has provided research funding.
be higher than in the treatment group (P1.
P2 Dr.
Hasinuddin.
Kep.
Ns.
Kep as and P.
, there were significant differences in Chair of the School of Health Ngudia Apo B levels in each groups, where the Husada Madura which has given us space higher dose was given, the value Apo B levels to be able to conduct research.
will decrease.
Where is the lowest decrease The second and third colleagues who occurred in the treated group 3 with an extract have helped in the completion of this dose of 75 mg/kg.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
There are no conflicts of interest.
REFERENCES