MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025
e-ISSN: 2338-3445
p-ISSN: 0853-9987
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH EDUCATION AND ADOLESCENT
KNOWLEDGE: A BIBLIOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE
ON INTERVENTION TRENDS
Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Pengetahuan Remaja: Perspektif Bibliometrik tentang Tren Intervensi Risza Choirunissa1*.
Sri Achadi Nugraheni2.
Cahya Tri Purnami3.
Nur Endah Wahyuningsih4 Doctoral Program in Public Health.
Universitas Diponegoro.
Semarang.
Indonesia Department of Public Health Nutrition.
Faculty of Public Health.
Universitas Diponegoro.
Semarang.
Indonesia Department of Biostatistics and Population Studies.
Faculty of Public Health.
Universitas Diponegoro.
Semarang.
Indonesia Department of Environmental Health.
Faculty of Public Health.
Universitas Diponegoro.
Semarang.
Indonesia Email: riszachoirunissa@students.
ABSTRAK
Permasalahan rendahnya pengetahuan remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi mendorong perlunya pemetaan tren literatur dan intervensi yang terarah.
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain bibliometrik sistematis dengan pendekatan PRISMA.
Sebanyak 856 artikel dipilih dari 3.
020 publikasi .
9Ae2.
yang diambil melalui perangkat lunak Publish or Perish.
Variabel yang dikaji meliputi pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi, pengetahuan remaja, dan jenis intervensi.
Data dianalisis menggunakan VOSviewer untuk memvisualisasikan pola sitasi, kolaborasi penulis, dan klaster tematik.
Temuan menunjukkan tiga tema utama: pendekatan metodologis .
isalnya systematic review, evidenc.
, konteks demografis .
isalnya woman, child.
Nigeria.
Ethiopi.
, dan intervensi pendidikan .
isalnya student, questionnaire, health educatio.
Tema-tema ini menggambarkan fokus penelitian pada program berbasis sekolah, keterlibatan komunitas, dan penggunaan media digital untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja.
Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa riset tentang pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi remaja semakin menekankan pada intervensi yang berbasis bukti, terstruktur, dan sensitif gender.
Namun, isu-isu seperti hambatan budaya, remaja usia muda, dan ketimpangan regional masih kurang mendapat perhatian.
Oleh karena itu, penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk menutup kesenjangan ini melalui pendekatan yang inklusif, kontekstual, dan kolaboratif, dengan mengintegrasikan aspek kesehatan mental serta keterlibatan keluarga.
Kata kunci: intervensi, pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi, pengetahuan remaja
ABSTRACT
The low level of adolescent knowledge about reproductive health highlights the need for mapping literature trends and targeted interventions.
This study employed a systematic bibliometric design using the PRISMA approach.
A total of 856 articles were selected from 3,020 publications .
9Ae2.
retrieved through the Publish or Perish software.
The variables analyzed included reproductive health education, adolescent knowledge, and types of interventions.
Data were analyzed using VOSviewer to visualize citation patterns, author collaboration, and thematic clusters.
The findings revealed three main themes: methodological approaches .
, systematic review, evidenc.
, demographic contexts .
, women, children.
Nigeria.
Ethiopi.
, and educational interventions .
students, questionnaires, health educatio.
These themes indicate a research focus on school-based programs, community engagement, and the use of digital media to enhance adolescentsAo reproductive health knowledge.
This study concludes that https://doi.
org/10.
34011/jmp2k.
MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025 e-ISSN: 2338-3445 p-ISSN: 0853-9987 research on adolescent reproductive health education increasingly emphasizes evidence-based, structured, and gender-sensitive interventions.
However, issues such as cultural barriers, early adolescence, and regional disparities remain underexplored.
Therefore, future studies are recommended to address these gaps through inclusive, contextual, and collaborative approaches, integrating aspects of mental health and family involvement.
Keywords: intervention, reproductive health education, adolescent knowledge INTRODUCTION Adolescent reproductive health remains a global challenge in efforts to improve youth well-being.
The World Health Organization reports that the lack of adequate sexual education can lead to serious consequences, including early pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and gender-based violence.
In Indonesia, similar issues arise due to limited access to comprehensive information, low awareness of reproductive rights, and the prevailing taboo surrounding reproductive health topics in families and schools.
Reproductive health education plays a critical role in enhancing adolescents' knowledge and awareness through comprehensive, accessible, and community-based approaches.
Rochmayani and Zulaekha highlight that educational materials tailored for junior high school students cover a broad range of reproductive health topics .
Likewise, other studies show a strong correlation between the intensity of interventions and increased knowledge among elementary school children, underscoring the importance of early education .
Mikhail et al.
emphasize that youth desire more open communication and easier access to resources such as condoms .
, and Djunaedi and Sulistyorini further support the need for early education to prevent risky behaviors .
Technological innovations, such as digital pocketbooks, have also been shown to increase engagement and accessibility to reproductive health information.
Parental and community involvement is also crucial.
Kusumaningtyas et al.
find that parental support is particularly essential for adolescents with disabilities .
While Netshikweta et al.
note that community-based programs involving teachers and parents significantly enhance adolescentsAo reproductive health knowledge.
This aligns with Rhodes et al.
, who stress the need to build community capacity to address health disparities effectively .
Previous studies on adolescent reproductive health education have mostly been descriptive and context-specific, without systematically mapping research trends, citation patterns, or thematic linkages using bibliometric methods.
date, no bibliometric study has identified dominant themes, research gaps, and evidence-based practices in this field.
Such an approach is crucial for building a stronger foundation for effective interventions.
Therefore, this study aims to systematically map and analyze trends in adolescent reproductive health education from a bibliometric perspective to identify key themes, gaps, and practices that can inform future programs.
METHODS
Data Sources This study employed a scoping review design with a bibliometric approach guided by the five-step framework proposed by Tricco et al .
, .
Including: .
identifying the research question, .
conducting a structured search using Publish or Perish software to access Google Scholar, .
selecting studies through iterative team-based screening, .
charting data through quantitative summaries and thematic mapping, and .
synthesizing and reporting findings.
The search was conducted between September and November 2024, resulting in 3,020 initial records.
After dua After duplicate removal and applying eligibility criteria, 856 articles were retained for analysis.
A purposive sampling technique was applied to select articles relevant to adolescent reproductive health Inclusion criteria: Peer-reviewed articles published between 2019 and 2024, https://doi.
org/10.
34011/jmp2k.
MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025 e-ISSN: 2338-3445 p-ISSN: 0853-9987 written in English, focused on reproductive health education, adolescent knowledge, or educational interventions, and articles based on empirical research or systematic Exclusion Criteria: Opinion articles, editorials, or non-peer-reviewed materials.
Inaccessible full texts.
Studies not involving adolescents or lacking an educational/intervention focus.
Screening Process: Title and abstract screening was conducted by a single reviewer using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure consistency and transparency.
In cases of uncertainty, decisions were guided by consultation with academic supervisors and the review protocol.
The study focused on three main variables: .
intervention types, including schoolbased, community-based, and digital reproductive health programs.
outcomes, referring to the level of adolescent reproductive health knowledge and awareness.
contextual factors, such as delivery methods, educational content, and characteristics of the target population.
To support the analysis.
Publish or Perish software was used to retrieve relevant peer-reviewed literature from Google Scholar, while VOSviewer facilitated the bibliometric visualization of keyword co-occurrence, author collaborations, and citation patterns.
Quantitative summaries were employed to capture publication trends and intervention types, while thematic mapping was conducted to identify recurring topics and research gaps within the included studies.
Selecting Data The data selection process for this bibliometric analysis followed three stages:
identification, screening, and inclusion, as illustrated in the PRISMA flowchart.
Using Publish or Perish, 3,020 articles were retrieved from Google Scholar .
PubMed .
, and Scopus .
based on the keywords reproductive health education, adolescent knowledge, and intervention.
After screening, 2,651 articles were deemed relevant, while 369 were excluded.
In the eligibility phase, 1,966 articles were assessed by title, leading to the exclusion of 1,122 for irrelevance, duplication, or other criteria.
Finally, 844 articles were included in the synthesis, ensuring a rigorous and unbiased selection of high-quality, relevant studies.
Data Analysis Data were analysed using VOSviewer.
VOSviewer is a software designed to create and visualize bibliometric networks.
These networks can include journals, researchers, or individual publications, and are built on citations, bibliographic coupling, co-citation, or co-authorship .
, .
The article selection process followed a simplified PRISMA approach, which includes identification, screening, and inclusion stages.
The detailed flow of article selection is illustrated in Figure 1.
Identification Search from publish or perish, data based on Google Scholar = 1.
PubMed:1.
000, and Scopus 1.
020 possitive, female adolescent .
= 3.
File selected through abstract .
= 2.
Data Excluded .
= .
Screening Data decided on via title.
=1.
Data Excluded .
= 1.
Included Article included in the synthesis .
Figure 1.
PRISMA Flowchart
RESULT
During the identification and screening stages, several exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance and quality of the included studies.
Articles were excluded if they https://doi.
org/10.
34011/jmp2k.
MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025 e-ISSN: 2338-3445 p-ISSN: 0853-9987 met one or more of the following: .
not published in peer-reviewed journals.
not written in English.
published outside the defined period of 2019Ae2024.
lacking a focus on adolescent reproductive health education or interventions.
presenting only opinion-based content such as editorials or letters.
lacking accessible full-text These considerations were made to maintain the methodological rigor and thematic focus of the scoping review.
The VOSviewer network visualization at Figure 2 presents a bibliometric network visualization, likely generated using a tool like VOSviewer, illustrating clusters of keywords related to reproductive health, adolescent girls, and intervention studies.
The network is divided into three clusters, each represented by distinct colors.
The red cluster focuses on research methodologies and outcomes, with keywords like Ausystematic reviewAy.
AuevidenceAy.
AuriskAy, and Ausexual healthAy, highlighting the analytical and outcome-driven aspects of the studies.
The green cluster emphasizes demographic and geographical factors, featuring terms such as AuwomanAy.
AuchildAy.
AuNigeriaAy, and AuEthiopiaAy, suggesting the importance of population-based and contextual analyses.
The blue cluster centers on education and intervention methods, including terms like AustudentAy.
AuquestionnaireAy.
AutrialAy, and Aucontrol groupAy, reflecting a focus on experimental and educational approaches.
The size of the nodes represents the frequency or significance of the keywords in the literature, with larger nodes like AuwomanAy and Auadolescent girlAy indicating central themes.
The connections between nodes .
denote co-occurrences or relationships, with denser connections highlighting stronger thematic links.
This visualization provides insights into the key trends, focus areas, and potential research gaps in the field, demonstrating the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, spanning health education, demographic analysis, and research methodologies.
Figure 2.
Network Visualization To complement the visual output in Figure 2, the table below summarizes the themes identified in each cluster of the VOSviewer bibliometric network.
Each color-coded cluster reflects a distinct thematic focus based on co-occurring keywords, providing insight into methodological trends, demographic emphasis, and educational strategies across the reviewed literature.
Cluster Color Red Table 1.
Keyword Cluster Themes Focus Area Sample Keywords Interpretation Summary Research design & Systematic review.
Evidence-based studies sexual emphasizing and risks https://doi.
org/10.
34011/jmp2k.
e-ISSN: 2338-3445
p-ISSN: 0853-9987
MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025 Cluster Color Green Focus Area Demographics regional context Blue Educational Interventions Methods Sample Keywords Woman.
Ethiopia.
Nigeria.
Student, questionnaire, health Interpretation Summary Contextual focused on the population and region School-based trials using structured interventions Figure 3 presents a bibliometric overlay visualization that displays the evolution of research keywords related to reproductive health and adolescent interventions from 2019 to 2024.
The color gradient indicates the average publication year for each keyword, with darker blue representing older studies .
and yellow indicating recent publications .
Larger nodes, such as AuwomanAy and Auadolescent girlAy, signify frequently occurring and central themes in the research.
Earlier studies, represented by darker nodes, focus on topics like Ausystematic reviewAy.
Ausexual healthAy, and AubarrierAy, emphasizing foundational and analytical research.
In contrast, lighter and more recent nodes highlight emerging topics like AuquestionnaireAy.
Aucontrol groupAy, and Auhealth educationAy, reflecting a shift toward practical and intervention-focused approaches.
The dense network of connections .
represents the co-occurrence of terms, indicating strong thematic relationships and interdisciplinary research.
This visualization offers insights into trends and developments in the field, revealing both established areas of study and new directions for future research.
Figure 3.
Overlay Visualization To further contextualize the overlay visualization.
Table 2 categorizes key themes based on keyword frequency and temporal trends.
It helps map how research priorities have evolved, from methodological foundations to more practice-based interventions.
Table 2.
Keyword Themes Across Visualizations High-Frequency Year Range Theme Category Interpretation Summary Keywords .
rom overla.
Foundational studies Systematic review.
Methodological focusing on outcomes evidence, trial, risk and methods Demographics Woman, adolescent girl.
Population-focused and Region Nigeria.
Ethiopia studies, often regional Health education, student.
Scholl-based, structured Intervention and questionnaire, control interventions are gaining Education https://doi.
org/10.
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MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025 e-ISSN: 2338-3445 p-ISSN: 0853-9987 Figure 4 presents a heatmap visualization that highlights the intensity of keyword occurrences in research related to reproductive health, positive mental health, and female adolescents, with brighter yellow areas indicating higher frequencies of specific Central keywords such as AuwomanAy.
Auadolescent girlAy.
Ausystematic reviewAy.
Auhealth educationAy.
AustudentAy, and AuquestionnaireAy are shown in the most illuminated regions, signifying their prominence and frequent co-occurrence in the literature.
Peripheral keywords like AuchildAy.
AuprevalenceAy.
AuEthiopiaAy.
AubarrierAy, and Ausexual healthAy appear less frequently but remain relevant.
The heatmap reveals thematic clusters, including methodological terms .
Ausystematic reviewAy.
AutrialAy.
AuevidenceA.
, demographic and geographical factors .
AuwomanAy.
AuyouthAy.
AuNigeriaAy.
AuEthiopiaA.
, and interventionrelated concepts .
AustudentAy.
Auhealth educationAy.
AuquestionnaireA.
This visualization underscores key areas of focus in the literature, such as the significance of adolescenttargeted interventions, the use of systematic reviews to consolidate knowledge, and the emphasis on education and geographical contexts, while also pointing to less explored topics that may represent research gaps.
Figure 4.
Density Visualization To complement the density heatmap.
Table 3 presents a categorized summary of keyword intensity and distribution.
It groups keywords by thematic category and describes the brightness and frequency of their occurrence in the visual network, providing a clearer interpretation of their centrality and research prominence.
Table 3.
Summary of Keyword Frequency and Clusters Thematic Category Key Keywords Frequency Intensity Methodological Systematic review.
High for systematic review .
rightest spo.
sexual health Medium for Risk.
Barrier.
Sexual health .
oderately brigh.
Demographics Woman, adolescent girl.
High for women and Adolescent girls .
ery Nigeria.
Ethiopia bright, central term.
Medium for Nigeria and Ethiopia .
isible, but less intens.
Intervention Student.
Health education.
High for the student .
right in cluste.
Medium for health education, trial, control control group group .
resent with moderate intensit.
DISCUSSION This bibliometric analysis provides critical insights into the evolving landscape of reproductive health education, adolescent knowledge, and intervention research.
Highfrequency keywords such as AuwomanAy.
Auadolescent girlAy.
Auhealth educationAy, and AuquestionnaireAy consistently appeared across all visualizations, emphasizing a strong focus on gender-sensitive educational interventions in adolescent health.
This aligns with https://doi.
org/10.
34011/jmp2k.
MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025 e-ISSN: 2338-3445 p-ISSN: 0853-9987 life course theory, which suggests that adolescence is a pivotal developmental stage influencing long-term health outcomes .
, .
Targeted interventions for adolescent girls are crucial not only for individual health but also for broader societal outcomes, including gender equity, delayed marriage, and improved educational retention .
, .
, .
Overlay and density maps show a temporal shift from methodological terms to application-focused terms like Auhealth educationAy and AuquestionnaireAy, reflecting the evidence-based practice paradigm .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
The increasing reliance on structured interventions highlights a positive trend toward institutionalizing adolescent health literacy programs.
Meanwhile, underexplored themes such as AubarrierAy.
AuchildAy, and AuEthiopiaAy reveal inequities and cultural limitations in access to reproductive health services .
, .
, .
Health inequity theory suggests marginalized populations often lack access to education and care due to structural and sociocultural barriers.
Author network analysis revealed limited international collaboration, highlighting the need for cross-national partnerships to enhance methodological innovation and contextual relevance.
Keywords like AuNigeriaAy and AuEthiopiaAy suggest a regional concentration of studies, where cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic realities shape how adolescents receive and interpret health messages .
, .
, .
, .
Experimental designs, evidenced by keywords like AutrialAy and Aucontrol groupAy, are becoming more prominent, reinforcing the need for rigorous, evidence-based policy and programming .
, .
, .
Policymakers should invest in high-quality trials and support adolescent access to confidential, culturally competent health services.
Integration of mental health into reproductive health programs, family engagement, and competent educator training are also critical .
, .
, .
Methodologically, the prominence of Ausystematic reviewAy and Aumeta-analysisAy indicates the fieldAos reliance on research synthesis for policy relevance .
, .
, .
, .
Yet, the studyAos limitation in relying solely on English-language sources and Google Scholar may underrepresent regionally important findings.
Future reviews should incorporate multilingual databases and local collaborations for inclusivity.
In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of strengthening equitable, evidence-informed, and context-responsive reproductive health interventions for adolescents, especially in underserved populations.
CONCLUSION
This bibliometric analysis reveals that adolescent reproductive health research increasingly emphasizes school-based interventions, health education, and gendersensitive approaches, with "adolescent girl" and "health education" emerging as dominant themes.
, .
, .
, .
, .
Despite this, certain topics such as cultural barriers, younger adolescents, and regional disparities remain underrepresented .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
The field is moving toward more structured, data-driven interventions supported by systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and experimental designs .
, .
, .
However, limited international collaboration and the underutilization of non-English and gray literature constrain global applicability.
To advance adolescent health outcomes, future efforts should prioritize inclusive, context-specific, and culturally competent educational interventions that address structural inequities and promote cross-disciplinary collaboration .
, .
These findings support the need for integrative, policy-driven strategies that empower adolescents with knowledge and autonomy in managing their reproductive health.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author thanks this work, ostensibly supported by BPI (The Indonesian Education Scholarshi.
PPAPT (Center for Higher Education Funding and Assessmen.
Ministry of Higher Education.
Science and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia.
LPDP https://doi.
org/10.
34011/jmp2k.
MEDIA PENELITIAN DAN
PENGEMBANGAN KESEHATAN
Vol 35 No 4.
Desember 2025 e-ISSN: 2338-3445 p-ISSN: 0853-9987 (Endowment Fund for Education Agenc.
, and Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia.
REFERENCES