DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
20 No.
2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268
IMPLEMENTATION OF FISHERIES UMKM POLICY
IN SIMEULUE REGENCY
Ikhsan Public Administration Department.
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences.
Universitas Teuku Umar baharudin@utu.
Cut Asmaul Husna Public Administration Department.
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences.
Universitas Teuku Umar cutasmaulhusna@utu.
Agus Pratama Public Administration Department.
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences.
Universitas Teuku Umar aguspratama@utu.
Corespondence Author.
aguspratama@utu.
ABSTRACT
The fisheries sector is one of the leading sectors in Simeulue Regency's economy.
It impacts increasing regional income, opening up employment opportunities, and improving the local community's standard of living, so fisheries micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) policies are an important aspect of Simeulue Regency.
The research method was descriptive qualitative, with field studies and interviews with policymakers and implementers from the Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (DKP), the Department of Industry.
Trade.
Cooperatives, and Small and Medium Enterprises (Disperindagko.
Simuelue Regency, and business actors.
Furthermore, data were obtained through literature studies, which included scientific journals, government regulations, documents, and research This study's analysis employs inductive logic by collecting field data and then analyzing it to conclude.
The findings demonstrated that the government implemented the fisheries UMKM policy by providing business capital stimulus for UMKMs, conserving marine areas to protect fishery products, and limiting foreign ship visits to maintain marine sovereignty.
The study concludes that the implementation of fisheries UMKM policies fails because: .
there is no definite data on the number of fisheries UMKMs.
there is no communication and forum that can mediate the interests of UMKM business actors and the and .
the government has limited budget funds in the form of business capital.
UMKM business assistance and training have been provided, but have not yielded maximum results due to a lack of a market that can accommodate production results.
Keywords: UMKM, fisheries, policy implementation DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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PRELIMINARY
This study aims to determine the implementation of fisheries micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) policies in Simeulue Regency.
So far, the fisheries business is defined as human activity related to managing and utilizing aquatic biological resources (Putri et al.
, 2.
Management and utilization must be accompanied by the presence of a fishing industry center as a process of changing upstream and downstream production systems to increase added value, productivity, and production scale of marine and fishery resources (Nuraisyah et , 2.
The fisheries sector is also said to be one of the leading sectors in strengthening the economy of a region because it is one of the production sectors that can directly or indirectly increase regional income and is expected to open up many jobs and improve the standard of living of the local community (Byny et al.
The fisheries sector has the potential to be developed into an industry as an economic booster for a region (Bellmann et al.
, 2.
Based on data from the Ministry of Cooperatives and Micro.
Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) .
, in Indonesia, there are 65.
47 million business units that contribute to a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 61.
97% of the national GDP which is equivalent to Rp.
8,574 trillion.
In 2020 there will be 34 million business units with a contribution of 37.
In addition.
MSMEs are a sector that plays a role in the country's economic growth because it absorbs up to 97% of the total workforce in the business world and 60.
4% of the entire state However, the Covid-19 pandemic has hit MSME businesses in Indonesia.
Chairman of the Indonesian Association of Micro.
Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM).
Iksan Ingratubun, saw that Covid-19 had caused 50% of business units in Indonesia to close, and 7 million employees lost their jobs.
The government made efforts to save UMKM during the Covid-19 pandemic through various policies such as empowerment and development of the business world, one of which was through the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN), one of the targets of which was to mobilize UMKM.
UMKM
themselves are directed to .
accelerate the recovery of the national economy, .
employment, .
mitigate the impact of the pandemic's scarring effect, and .
create an inclusive economic recovery during the pandemic for all people.
Based on data from the Ministry of Finance .
, the government allocated a budget of Rp.
6 trillion for three program clusters: health, social protection, and economic strengthening.
Specifically for the economic strengthening program cluster .
ncluding UMKM), the allocated budget is Rp.
3 trillion, for health Rp.
5 trillion, and for social protection Rp.
8 trillion.
According to data from the Aceh Province Cooperatives and UMKM Service, there are 2,087 UMKM in Simeulue Regency, which until now have become a fishing industry development area because of their potential, such as abundant natural resources (HR) in the fisheries sector.
And social activities for people who make a living in the fisheries sector (Zulham, 2.
In addition.
Simeulue Regency is one of the five gold ring areas being developed as an Integrated Marine and Fisheries Development Center (PK2PT) (Fazri.
Kurniawa.
Solihin, 2021.
Radiarta et al.
, 2.
Fishery potential in Simeulue Regency is one DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 of the leading sectors, including capture fisheries, aquaculture, coastal seas, and small islands, as well as marketing and processing fishery products.
Still, unfortunately, the utilization and management have not been carried out optimally (Zulham, 2.
This considerable potential for marine cultivation is reflected in the presence of three large bays covering an area of 1,575.
6 hectares which are very potential for fish cultivation in floating net cages (KJA) / Inponding Net with grouper, lobster, sea cucumber, and others.
Cultivation commodity.
Such as pearls, seaweed, and other shellfish (Zamaris, 2.
As an archipelagic country.
Simeulue has a wealth of marine resources, including fisheries.
The production of marine capture fisheries from year to year has increased.
Figure 1.
Marine Fishery Production in Simeulue Regency .
Source: Simeulue Regency Profile Figure 1 above shows that the increase in marine capture fisheries production in Simeulue Regency in 2011 was 8,042 tons and 8,562 tons in 2012.
Furthermore, in 2013, production jumped sharply to 12,539 tons and 12,696 tons and 13,966, respectively.
Tons in 2014 and 2015.
The total output of the fish caught is what fishermen have seen using simple fishing gear.
Furthermore, this fishery production is still tiny, far from optimal, due to the limited ability of the community to procure Floating Net Cages (KJA) facilities and their production inputs, in addition to the still limited Human Resources (HR) in the field of fisheries so that the business carried out is still characterized by "4S".
" namely:
Single Capital.
Single Technology.
Single Management and Single Market (Rachmansyah et al.
, 2.
To support the utilization of the potential for marine culture (Marine Cultur.
in Simeulue Regency in 2003, the BBIP (Balai Seed Fish Beac.
was built, located in Busung Village.
East Simeulue District.
However, until now, its utilization has not been optimized (Radiarta et al.
, 2.
To deal with this situation, the government must be serious in implementing policies in the fishery sector by establishing a fishing industry center to increase productivity and add value to the fishery sector because the fisheries sector can also bring income benefits for people who make a living in the fisheries sector and also the Simeulue Regency Government if it is managed sustainably.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Policy Implementation Policy implementation the government's choice to take policy is based on the emergence of public problems deemed necessary to resolve.
According to DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 Lester & Stewart .
, there are six stages to formulate policies, including .
Setting the Agenda.
Policy Formulation.
Policy Implementation.
Policy Evaluation.
Policy Changes.
Termination of Policy.
The third stage of the policy cycle is policy implementation, where implementation can be interpreted as a process to achieve a goal.
The implementation process is a series of government decisions and actions to carry out a predetermined mandate with visible results (Asyikin, 2.
The implementation's output refers to the means used to achieve program objectives, such as state spending to solve various public problems.
for the results of its implementation, there are changes in social issues that occur as a result of the policies that have been carried out (Lester & Stewart, 2.
Grindle .
suggests implementation as a general process of administrative action that can be seen at the level of a particular program.
The success or failure of performance can be seen by measuring program results against policy objectives.
The implementation begins when goals and objectives have been determined, an action plan has been designed, and funds have been allocated for achievement.
In addition.
Grindle .
said that two variables affect the success of policy implementation, namely the Content of Policy and the Context of Implementation.
The explanation of the Grindle policy implementation model based on the picture above is as follows:.
Content of Policy, several indicator variables that influence policy are .
Interest Affected, namely the interest of the target group.
Type of Benefit, namely the type of benefit.
Extent of Exchange Envision, namely the degree of change to be achieved.
Site of Decision Making, namely the location of decision making.
Implementing Programs, namely program implementers.
Resources committed, namely the availability of resources.
Context of Implementation .
mplementation environment variable.
in the form of .
Powers, interests, and strategies of the actors involved.
Characteristics of governing institutions and .
Compliance, namely compliance.
and responsiveness, namely the response from policy implementers.
Fishing Business The fishery business is the activity of catching, cultivating, processing, preserving, storing, distributing, and marketing fish products (Badriyah et al.
To increase added value, it is necessary to have industrialization as a form of industrial development in a country as a conversion process towards a socioeconomic order (Hikmah, 2.
Such as fishery industrialization is a process of change from upstream and downstream production systems to increase added value, productivity, and production scale of marine and fishery resources (Arsad et al.
, 2020.
Sayuti et al.
, 2.
In Indonesia, the fishing industry has considerable potential.
The types of fish in Indonesia include shrimp, tuna, grouper, snapper, mackerel, tilapia, cephalopods .
quid, octopus, cuttlefis.
, crab meat, crabs, seaweed, sea cucumbers, and lobster.
With various types of fish, it has the potential to be developed and can even be exported to multiple countries (Mahulette & Widodo, 2.
Fishery export activities in Indonesia have been going on for a long time, and this sector has become one of the sectors for state income (Tridharma, 2.
In addition, as a livelihood for fishing communities in Indonesia (Hikmah, 2.
DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 Furthermore, activities in the fisheries and other sectors influence each other, such as the maritime sector, which has a vital role in the broader economy (Teh & Sumaila, 2.
The potential of the sea, including fisheries and aquaculture, can increase economic value by being used as a tourist attraction by providing fishing grounds for local residents and tourists (Pomeroy et al.
, 2.
In addition, fish can provide high economic value because their presence provides export potential so that by focusing on the fishery sector, the production and export of fishery products can be increased in an aggregate manner which can encourage the economy (Morrissey & OAoDonoghue, 2.
However, the fisheries sector is often neglected, even though the role of this sector can improve food and nutrition security (Lloret et al.
, 2.
This is due to the lack of integration and strategies for food and agricultural security, even though fish play an essential role in improving the nutritional status of the community (Jiang et al.
, 2.
Impact of Fisheries Policy Capture fisheries and aquaculture have improved nutrition, food security, and economic growth in developing countries (Byny et al.
, 2.
The same thing is also stated by Teh & Sumaila .
marine fisheries contribute to the global economy, ranging from fishing to providing support services for the fishing Therefore, international trade in fishery products plays an essential role in taking and using fish which will be an important part of the transition to sustainable fisheries (Bellmann et al.
, 2.
Problems that often arise for fishing communities are income levels, education levels, productivity, participation in training and development, vulnerability caused by fish catches, lack of operational efficiency and supply chain mechanisms, as well as widening gaps between traditional and modern fishermen (Murphy.
, et al 2.
Most have experience in fisheries, but this is not accompanied by education and training through integrated policies on vocational education, financial support, and training for fishermen to obtain legal licenses to modernize the industry and preserve aquatic culture and marine life (Mohsin, 2.
There is a need for a biological, social, and economic approach with the active participation of stakeholders to evaluate the management of coastal fisheries.
In addition, it is also necessary to understand the performance of each coastal area because its development is the main task of policymakers in managing the marine economy at the national and regional levels.
RESEARCH METHODS
This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, namely seeking answers to research questions by collecting evidence and data through library research and field studies.
The literature study is carried out by reading and studying various scientific journal literature, regulations, documents, and reports related to the research.
Meanwhile, field studies were conducted through in-depth interviews with policymakers and policy implementers.
Informants are determined by the "key person" technique, namely interviewing sources with sufficient information about the object under study.
The resource persons in this study came from the Simuelue District Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Service (DKP), the Simuelue District Industry.
Trade.
Cooperative.
Small and Medium Enterprises DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 (Disperindagko.
Office, and business actors.
The analysis of this study uses inductive logic by collecting accurate field data, breaking it down into units, and choosing which ones are important to study, then analyzing to obtain a conclusion, to validate the data, using data triangulation and technical triangulation.
This data triangulation was carried out to test the credibility of the data by asking the same questions to different sources.
At the same time, technical triangulation is done by testing data on the same basis as other techniques, namely interviews and secondary data.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Potential of Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) in Simeulue Regency Talking about Small and Medium Enterprises in the Fisheries sector (UMKM) in Simeulue Regency is like a paradox.
As an area that relies on fishery potential, it turns out that until now, there are no exact figures for the number of UMKM in the fisheries sector.
Meanwhile.
UMKM in the form of cooperatives is generally 89 in Simeulue Regency.
An interview with the Head of the Simeulue Cooperative and UMKM Division.
Agustina, clarified this situation.
"There is 2030 percent of cooperatives in the form of fisheries MSMEs, but the cooperatives are vacuum now due to limited capital for business".
One of the UMKM in Simeulue, namely Mak-Mak Malahi, who is fronted by women who make meatballs and fish nuggets, for example, has a home-based business .
ome industr.
and is based in Sukamaju.
However, the number of tourists decreased drastically due to COVID-19 also affected the profits earned by their business The following is data on fisheries UMKM that researchers obtained during the research process.
Table 1 Fishery UMKM in Simeulue Regency No.
Name UMKM/Owner Mak Mak Malahi Minarai Anudayanta Gapipres Dulok Sibau Nelayan Tepah Jaya Wira Jaya Seafood Andri Setiawan Mahlil Syam Adi Juniharmin April Silabay Maju Lestari Garam Daraba UD Abi Business Field Meatballs and Fish Nuggets Raw fish Salted Fish and Fish Sales Fish Distribution Boat Fish and Lobster Distribution Fish Distribution Fish and Lobster Distribution Ice Cube Raw fish Raw fish Fish and Lobster Distribution Fish Shelter Salt Production Raw fish Location Sukamaju Teupah tengah Simeulue Timur Sibau Teupah Selatan Sinabang Sinabang Sinabang Sinabang Salang Sinabang Sinabang Teupah Selatan Simeulue Timur Simeulue Timur So far, the local government has supported UMKM through training, for example, by sending M business actors to attend training on how to process fishery products at the UPTD Banda Aceh.
In addition, the local government also DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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Several fisheries policies have an impact on the sustainability of UMKM in Simeulue Regency, including .
determination of several points of conservation areas.
prohibition of foreign ships from stopping at more than one stop point.
restrictions on the transportation of fishery products via ships.
granting MSME business capital directly from the government.
training and coaching for MSME business actors.
Currently, at least six government policies are aimed at evoking UMKM.
First, the government needs to improve internet access, especially in disadvantaged areas, because many business actors want to enter the market but are constrained by limited internet network access.
Second, the government must provide internet subsidies for every MSME business unit.
Third, the government subsidizes shipping costs for products to be distributed.
Fourth, assist business actors by helping so that UMKM is more aware of the potential of the digital Fifth.
State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) must become aggregators that collect MSME products and distribute them in the digital market.
Sixth, providing productive and innovative KUR (People's Business Credi.
Measuring the Success of UMKM Policy Implementation In policy implementation, there are two indicators used to measure the success of policy implementation, namely: first, policy content indicators consisting of .
the interests of the target group .
nterest affecte.
the type of benefit .
ype of benefi.
the degree of change to be achieved .
xtent of exchange envisio.
the location of decision making .
ite of decision makin.
program implementers .
rogram implementer.
the availability of resources .
esources committe.
Second, the indicators of the policy implementation environment are: .
the powers, interests, and strategies of the actors involved.
the characteristics of the institutions and regimes in power.
compliance and responsiveness .
These two indicators can be seen as part of monitoring the implementation of fisheries-based UMKM policies in the Simeulue Regency, especially because research on how fisheries-based UMKM policies are implemented is still minimal.
Target Group Interests In assessing the content of policy, the first aspect of being evaluated is the target group's interest.
The target groups considered in implementing the fisheries UMKM policy in Simeulue are part of the fishing community trying to increase fishery commodities' selling value by forming business entities and cooperatives.
However, based on the results of research in Simeulue Regency, the target group that focuses on UMKMs in the fisheries sector is not recorded with certainty, so the policies implemented are sourced from local government initiatives and do not involve UMKM actors.
As a result, policies have not been formulated under the needs and interests of the target, namely the fishing community.
One such policy is that ships from Hong Kong are no longer allowed to stop at more than one point when they want to buy fishery products in Indonesia.
As a result.
Simeulue Regency is no longer a destination for purchasing grouper fish cultivated and raised in cages owned by fishermen.
DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 Mahlil, one of the fisheries entrepreneurs, said there was a significant change in the condition of fishermen.
For example when, after the tsunami, fishermen benefited from a large number of foreign vessels, such as the Hong Kong Ship, which entered the waters of Simeulue twice a year to buy about one ton of fish caught by fishermen and then advised the public fishermen not to depend on natural fish and start cultivating grouper in cages, while they provide the seeds.
This situation lasted for almost ten years.
until then, the new Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP).
Susi Pujiastuti, implemented a new regulation regarding foreign ships that were only allowed to stop at one point in Indonesia.
As a result, business cooperation with Hong Kong stopped, and many fish cages were abandoned in Simeulue.
This happened because Simeulue could not supply fish according to the ship's capacity of 30 tons, which buyers left, and Hong Kong turned to areas that could meet their fish needs, such as Nias and Singkil.
This can be seen as the absence of standards in applying fisheries UMKM policies in the Simeulue Regency.
As a result, existing approaches cannot benefit the fishing industry.
UMKM actors see the policies implemented by the government and local governments as obstacles to running the fishery business.
Figure 2.
Fishery Products in Sinabang Bay.
Simeulue Regency Source: Processed by researchers .
Benefit Type Business actors have not felt the benefits of the fisheries UMKM policy after the government implemented the policy.
Theoretically, the determination of the conservation area in Simeulue is beneficial for the sustainability of the ecosystem and the preservation of marine life.
However, on the other hand, the determination of four points of conservation area without considering the fishing community's economic conditions and local wisdom makes this policy not provide positive benefits for all fishing communities and fishery UMKM business actors whose business commodities are marine products.
In addition, the policy prohibiting foreign ships from docking is certainly favorable when viewed from DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 the perspective of the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia.
Still, this policy is not without blemish because it unknowingly closes many business opportunities for UMKMs that began to squirm after the tsunami hit Aceh in 2004.
For example, grouper rearing cultivation in cages that previously numbered ten UMKM groups and were able to supply fish needs, but now only one person is Mahlil said, "So, currently, only one person is left for the cultivation model .
So, if this grouper was before Susi when Hong Kong came, we ordered 10,000 seeds and raised them here.
They come every six or once a year and buy all, however many groupers there are.
" Regarding fish cultivation, in Simeulue, there are facilities from the government that can support the ongoing UMKM Such as the Beach Fish Seed Center (BBIP) Busung Simeulue can incubate quality fish eggs or the cages the central government provides.
However, a favorable market climate has not supported these good facilities.
The government has not prepared an ideal market, namely potential buyers willing and able to buy all fish farming products raised by UMKM business actors as foreign buyers such as Hong Kong do.
Degree of Change You Want to Achieve The UMKM policies implemented in Simeulue so far have not achieved the target desired by the government.
There are several reasons: .
limited funds for business capital from the local government, namely the Department of Industry and Trade and Cooperatives (Disperindako.
So far, business assistance has been provided by the central government directly to business units or other agencies such as the Ministry of Social Affairs through the Family Hope Program (PKH), the Ministry of Trade through the distribution of cheap cooking oil, and Covid-19 social assistance (BANSOS) sourced from village funds.
There is no integrated data between UMKM data in the fisheries sector and the Marine and Fisheries Service (DKP) data, and.
UMKM business assistance and training have been carried out.
Still, they have not shown maximum results because the government has not been able to create an adequate market, namely local and international markets, for the UMKM business to run in Simeulue.
The policy's degree of change based on research shows no difference before and after the fisheries UMKM policy was implemented in Simeulue because the government has not succeeded in operating various policies and regulations that can encourage the development of UMKMs.
The reasons are: .
the majority of businesses in Simeulue are still small in scale while the local government has not placed business actors as potential business partners.
as a result, there is no interaction between business actors and local governments .
ow communication .
local governments have a common understanding of the needs of UMKMs compared to the needs of larger businesses.
Thus, it is difficult to expect the government to make policy choices that can overcome the problems of business actors .
he paradox of policy implementatio.
Forums that can mediate fishing communities, fisheries.
UMKM business actors, and local governments are essential to do as an effort to open a space for interaction and consultation, as well as to help business actors develop their Therefore, in the end, local governments need innovation to interact DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 and help grow the business world to be more targeted, especially for micro, small and medium-scale business actors.
Location of Decision Making Several actors are involved in implementing fisheries UMKM policies, namely fishing communities, fisheries business actors, and local governments.
However, in implementing procedures in Simeulue Regency, the provincial government was the central actor in making decisions regarding fisheries UMKM Because the local government, in this case, the Department of Industry and Trade and Cooperatives (Disperindako.
, has the authority and funds to formulate and implement UMKM policies in the fisheries sector.
In addition, every policy developed and implemented by the government has a solid legal For example, the government's policy of prohibiting fishing in conservation areas, at first glance, will not affect the sustainability of fisheries businesses .
ishery SME.
However, in reality, fishing is prohibited at four conservation points: Air Pinang.
Bengkalak Island.
Sinabang Bay, and Sumatra Island.
fishermen and UMKM business activists have difficulty getting production materials, namely fish, lobster, and octopus, which has an impact on the failure of the planned production process.
The focus of the fishery industry in Simeulue Regency is processing meatballs, empek-empek, crackers, salted fish, raw fish, lobster, crab, and salt.
The results of this UMKM production are mainly directed to supply local needs such as shops or kiosks in coastal tourist areas .
ature touris.
, lodging .
otels and cottage.
, and restaurants.
Meanwhile, sales outside Simeulue Regency are minimal due to limited access to information and "blind" distribution channels.
Although, there are also business actors who are starting to be able to open online markets independently, as Wira did with his business called Wira Jaya Seafood.
Through the distribution business of fishery products such as fish, lobster, octopus, and other marine products.
Wira can employ eight people and work closely with a fishery start-up company called PT.
Aruna .
ea for al.
Currently, the purpose of selling seafood to Malaysia and Guang Zhou.
China.
However.
Wira Jaya Seafood is still trying to meet the local needs of Aceh and Medan.
Program Executor The central government, through the local government as the implementer or actor who takes the policy, has UMKM business actors involved in implementing this policy.
However, based on the research results, local governments still focus on maintaining maritime sovereignty, such as protecting conservation areas.
As a result, the public sees the government's "new hobby" of catching fishermen who are considered naughty.
Meanwhile, input from business actors aiming to advance the fishery business in Simeulue was ignored.
This was expressed by Andri Setiawan, one of the owners of the fishing charter boat, "No comment, bro.
We also gave directions to the government, which were never responded to, so it was useless.
Once voiced .
ut ignore.
Implementing fisheries UMKM programs or policies encounters many obstacles: .
the absence of mutually supportive policies between ministries and other government agencies.
For example, when the local government makes marine products an economic potential they want to develop, the distribution route DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 for seafood is not supported by various transportation facilities that the government should provide.
For example, regarding the prohibition on transporting marine products by ship, it is currently prohibited if you do not use a transport car mode of transportation.
The reason is the suspicion of extortion and fish being transported without a ticket.
This issue has been going on for a month (July-Augus.
, and no other decisions have been made.
This happened because there was no prior coordination between the relevant government agencies.
The second obstacle is that collaboration between business actors is still low and tends not to unite.
If all UMKM actors collaborate, the fisheries business in Simeulue will progress rapidly.
In addition, business actors can also urge the government to be transparent in data collection for fisheries UMKM business actors so that all assistance from the government is right on target, both in terms of programs and people who are assisted.
"Nowadays, sometimes it's not right on target.
There is a program from the government, so why not target it, farmers are given nets, but fishermen are given hoes, something like that.
" Wira said when asked about his hopes for the advancement of SMEs in the Simeulue fisheries sector.
Resource Availability The ability of the implementor to implement the policy is still seen as weak by business actors in understanding the problems and needs of fisheries UMKMs.
The primary things fisheries business actors need include cold storage, ice-making factories, and companies where fishermen and business actors can sell marine The state manages cold storage, ice-making factories, and seafood purchasing companies.
In this case, a company called Perindo (State Fisheries General Compan.
Even though they have collaborated with the Simeulue Government, cold storage in the East Lugu Simeulue area, which can accommodate 100 tons of marine products, according to the opinion of UMKM business actors, is not going well.
For example.
Perindo's exclusive cold storage without price certainty, insufficient ice availability, and cheap fish prices .
he same or sometimes more affordable than the market pric.
Like the price of an octopus which is only purchased for Rp.
000/kg, while the current market price for octopus is 35-40 thousand .
, 60 thousand .
, and 80 thousand .
The source of the budget for implementing fisheries UMKM policies in the form of direct capital assistance is provided by the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs .
, namely in 2020, amounting to Rp.
2,400,000.
/UMKMs.
While in 2021, it is Rp.
00/UMKM.
According to the Head of the Simeulue Cooperatives and UMKM Section.
Agustina said that the local government, in this case, the Simeulue Department of Industry and Cooperatives (Cooperatives and UMKM Sectio.
only proposed the names of UMKM given by the sub-district which also sourced data from village heads.
"We can't go to the field while we don't have ATK for the field .
So, as soon as there is a letter from the Ministry, we will inform the sub-district, from the camat it will be conveyed to the village head, the village head will propose it again to the new sub-district to us.
the recap is like that.
The Ministry's business capital assistance is beneficial in reviving fisheries UMKM businesses that had been sluggish due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
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2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 However, the government's good intentions through the Ministry in helping UMKM business actors are insufficient to provide overall benefits to business The reasons were: .
the data on the recipients of assistance did not match the reality on the ground.
the amount of business capital that is classified as small to revive the fishery business is considered not right on target and has not been able to meet the needs in implementing fisheries UMKM policies.
Indicators of the policy implementation environment are formed from: .
the power, interests, and strategies of the actors involved in this matter, namely the government and business actors as beneficiaries of the current policy.
The characteristics of the institutions and regimes in power in Simeulue Regency are still bottom-up and rigid, dan.
compliance and responsiveness .
of UMKM business actors to current policies is still low.
In general, the relationship between the government and UMKM business actors is one-way, emphasizing the For example, related to business licensing services, in general.
UMKMs in Simeulue still have common knowledge regarding the management of business permits.
The management of business licenses is still considered an obstacle to their business.
However, some UMKMs fulfill all the licensing processes, such as Wira Jaya Seafood which has all the permits needed in the fishery business.
Wira said, "I have a permit for my CKIB (Good Fish Quarantine Metho.
Thank God, for, in Simeulue.
I'm the only one .
ho ha.
CKIB for lobster and fish.
For the octopus.
I have CPIB (Good Fish Handling Practic.
the CPIB is for fish and octopus, the certificate is .
from quarantine (Fish Quarantine Agenc.
There is.
On the other hand, the government is still unable to show UMKM business actors that the government is serious about advancing UMKMs in Simeulue Regency, starting from the effort to collect data on the number of existing UMKM through obtaining business permits.
This weakness can be overcome with a new formula for interaction with UMKM business actors to understand the problems faced by business actors and find a solution immediately.
Although, of course, not without obstacles because, in general, these UMKM business actors do not join business associations and do not have .
business licenses.
Thus, the government needs to cooperate with civil society organizations, identify, and facilitate UMKM business actors to join associations, for example, through the Small and Medium Enterprises Regional Forum (Forda UKM), before being able to dialogue and find solutions to business problems that CONCLUSION This research shows that the government has carried out the fisheries UMKM policy by providing business capital stimulus for UMKMs, conserving marine areas to protect fishery products, and limiting foreign ship visits to maintain maritime sovereignty.
However, the implementation of the fisheries UMKM policy in Simeulue Regency did not go well because: .
there was no actual data on the number of fisheries UMKMs.
there was no communication and forum that could mediate the interests of UMKM business actors and the .
limited sources of budget funds in the form of business capital DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 2022 December Vol.
20 No.
2, e-ISSN: 2615-7268 from the government.
UMKM business assistance and training have been carried out, but have not shown maximum results because there is no market that can accommodate production results.
The target groups assessed in implementing the fisheries UMKM policy in Simeulue are part of the fishing community trying to increase fishery commodities' selling value by forming business entities and cooperatives.
However, those who are the target of the policy, namely fisheries UMKM business actors, have not been recorded with certainty, so the policies implemented are sourced from local government initiatives and do not involve UMKM actors, so that the policies and programs that are implemented do not represent the interests of business actors and are not based on aspects of solving problems faced by business actors.
UMKM is an obstacle to the running of the fishery business.
In addition, several policies implemented by the government, such as the prohibition of foreign ships stopping more than one point to buy marine products or the policy of establishing four marine conservation areas, were not able to provide benefits for the fisheries MSME industry in Simeulue.
In addition, the supporting facilities for UMKMs built by the government to support UMKM businesses, such as the Busung Simeulue Beach Fish Seed Center (BBIP), cold storage, and ice-making factories, cannot be used optimally by UMKM business actors because the government does not prepare a market that can afford it.
UMKM business actors have raised all fish farming products.
Thus, the degree of change to be achieved from the policies implemented by the government, which should be able to promote fisheries UMKMs, does not make a difference before and after the procedure is implemented.
The government has not succeeded in operating various policies and regulations that can encourage the development of UMKMs.
The reasons are: .
the majority of businesses in Simeulue are still small in scale, while the local government has not placed business actors as potential business partners.
As a result, there is no interaction between business actors and local governments .
ow communication foru.
Namely, regional and international markets for the UMKM business to run in Simeulue.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank Teuku Umar University for funding and supporting this research with research funding for the Internal assignment of Teuku Umar University contract number 176/UN59.
7/SPK-PPK/2022.
REFERENCES