Journal for Quality in Women's Health DOI : https://doi.
org/10.
30994/jqwh.
https://jqwh.
ISSN: 2615-6660 .
2615-6644 .
Vol.
8 No 1.
March 2025.
Page.
Analysis Of Pregnant Women's Knowledge About Hepatitis B Regarding The Implementation Of Laboratory Examinations At Tulungagung University D3 Midwifery Study Program In 2024 Siti Maryam1*.
Ernawati Tri Handayani2, 1D3 Midwifery Study Program.
Tulungagung University.
Jawa Timur City.
Indonesia 2D3 Midwifery Study Program.
Tulungagung University.
Jawa Timur City.
Indonesia *Corresponding author: maryammymask@gmail.
ABSTRACT
Liver disease caused by the Hepatitis B virus is a major problem in the world, with an estimated 400 million people carrying this virus.
attacks all ages, genders and races throughout the world.
About 5% of the world's population suffers from hepatitis B without The prevalence in Indonesia is around 5-17%.
Pregnant women who are positive for hepatitis B infection are at greater risk of giving birth prematurely, having low birth weight (BBLR) and experiencing disability.
Women who are detected to have hepatitis B eantigen (HBeA.
are the most infectious.
In reality, not all pregnant women know the importance of hepatitis B screening.
Not all pregnant women are routinely screened for hepatitis B, so it is only discovered that pregnant women have hepatitis B at 28 to 37 weeks of pregnancy.
Type of analytical research: observational approach, cross sectional time approach, sampling technique using purposive sampling, total sample of 94 respondents.
The research was carried out from 4 to 17 October 2024 at the D3 Midwifery Study Program Campus.
Tulungagung University.
Analysis used Chi Square.
The results, of the 94 respondents who had good knowledge and carried out laboratory examinations, 8 respondents .
%), had sufficient knowledge and then carried out laboratory examinations for 50 respondents, while knowledge was lacking and 16 respondents did not carry out laboratory examinations.
Chi Square calculation p-Value value 0.
026 <0.
05, meaning there is a relationship between pregnant women's knowledge about hepatitis B and laboratory tests.
Facts and theories are in line with most respondents aged 17-25 years so their thinking process or Intelligence Quetient (IQ) is good and they are willing to carry out a hepatitis B laboratory examination because they know the benefits for pregnancy and also the health of the mother and fetus to be born.
Keywords: Knowledge.
Hepatitis B.
Laboratory Examination Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 5 Journal for Quality in Women's Health (JQWH ) INTRODUCTION iver disease caused by the Hepatitis B Virus is a big problem in the world, it is estimated that 400 million people are carriers of this virus, so it is estimated that the hepatitis B virus will infect more than 2 billion of the current It is estimated that 80% of chronic hepatitis sufferers are found in Asia and the West Pacific Rim, where the prevalence of hepatitis B is more than 10%, in the United States it is estimated that 185,000,000 new infections are found per year.
(Nasar Imade & Cornain Santoso.
Heptitis B attacks all ages, genders and races throughout the world.
About 5% of the world's population suffers from hepatitis B without symptoms.
Prevalence figures vary according to the country's ability to handle this disease.
In developed countries, such as the United States and Europe, the prevalence 1%, while in Asia and Africa it can reach 15%.
The prevalence in Indonesia is around 5-17% .
oderately high endemicit.
Pregnant women who are positive for hepatitis B infection are at greater risk of giving birth prematurely, giving birth to low birth weight (BBLR) babies and experiencing Women who are detected to have hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeA.
are the most Women who have antibodies to HBeAg .
nti-Hb.
generally have low infectivity.
(Robson E, 2002: .
In fact, pregnant women do not know the importance of screening for hepatitis B.
Not all pregnant women are routinely screened for hepatitis B, so it is only discovered that pregnant women have hepatitis B in the third trimester of pregnancy .
to 37 weeks of pregnanc.
The Tulungagung Health Service (Dinke.
noted that during the nine months, namely January to September 2024, 28 pregnant women were positively infected with hepatitis B.
As a preventive measure, (Didik Ek.
Head of infectious disease control at the Tulungagung Health Service, said that if pregnant women suffer from hepatitis B then when giving birth, the baby must receive Hb 0 immunization and HBIG immunoglobulin a maximum of 12 hours after birth.
If this is not done, it is very likely that the baby will become infected.
Babies born to mothers who are positive for hepatitis B must immediately receive the vaccine a maximum of 12 hours after birth.
Didik added, of the 28 pregnant women who were positive for hepatitis B, nine of them gave birth and received the vaccine, therefore he appealed to pregnant women to have regular pregnancy checks and blood tests are This effort is made to detect what diseases pregnant women suffer from, during pregnancy, routine pregnancy checks.
This is to anticipate the health of the mother and baby.
Pregnant women also always pay attention to adequate nutritional intake.
Meanwhile, a specialist in internal medicine.
Hengki Wijaya, explained that the thing that is most worrying is about babies being born, because babies are more at risk of developing liver cancer when they are still children.
This disease is transmitted to the baby, because the baby is exposed to blood and vaginal fluids from the mother during the birth process (Eka Didik.
Radar Tulungagung:
Some of the risks that can occur during prematurely, being born with a low birth weight, and even abnormalities in the baby's bodily Of course, this is dangerous, both for the baby and for the mother.
Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver caused by a In general, there are five types of hepatitis viruses, namely A.
D, and E.
However, hepatitis sufferers are mostly caused by hepatitis B and C viruses.
On average, pregnant women do not realize that they have The reason is, not everyone infected with hepatitis experiences symptoms of For this reason, we urge pregnant women to take preventive measures by regularly carrying out pregnancy checks and blood tests.
Tests can help determine what measures are appropriate to slow the progress of the virus.
Apart from that, giving HBIG immunology during the first 12 hours of birth is also (Eka Didik.
Radar Tulungagung: .
Meanwhile, based on the results of the RISKESDAS analysis, 2018 shows that the proportion of pregnancy examinations in women Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 6 Journal for Quality in Women's Health (JQWH ) aged 10-54 years according to the examination components received was 11 examinations carried out, namely: measuring height.
TT injection, measuring LILA, uterine height, blood supplement tablets, appointment.
speech, fetal location, fetal heart rate, case management, measuring body weight, and measuring blood pressure, and the lowest proportion is measuring height, namely 68.
1% from 34 provinces, while laboratory tests were not carried out.
Encourage mothers to carry out laboratory tests to detect early the risk of transmitting STIs, including Hepatitis B.
(Riskesdas, 2.
The data obtained was based on interviews conducted on March 10 2024, in Sambijajar Village.
Sumbergempol District.
Tulungagung Regency, obtained from 10 pregnant women who had never heard about hepatitis B.
%) mothers said they had received information about hepatitis B.
pregnant women ( 20%).
And the majority of pregnant women, namely 9 pregnant women .
%), don't know whether they have been checked by the laboratory regarding the hepatitis B test or not.
Efforts made are that every woman who is proven to have HBV must be advised to consult a specialist before conception, to ensure that the mother has optimal health for pregnancy.
When a woman is known to have HBV, it must be identified before conception to determine whether she is chronically or acutely infected.
Pregnant women should be counseled about the importance of immunization for newborns and if positive for HBeAg, explain the importance of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG).
It has been proven that giving immunization and HBIG to high-risk babies can reduce the risk of vertical spread by 90%.
(Robson E, 2018: .
Equality of knowledge and unity of strategy is really needed by health workers from the community, especially pregnant women, the government and agencies related to health services, in order to achieve optimal levels of maternal and child health by reducing maternal and child mortality rates in Indonesia.
(Poedji Rochjati.
METHODS
The model used is the analytical survey The type is analytical with an observational approach.
The time approach used in this research is cross sectional.
The population in this study were all pregnant women who came for examinations held by the D3 Midwifery Study Program.
Tulungagung University.
The sampling technique used was purposive The number of samples in this study was 94 respondents.
It will be held from 4 to 17 October 2024 at the D3 Midwifery Study Program Campus.
Tulungagung University.
The variables are: independent variable (X) Knowledge of pregnant women about Hepatitis B and dependent variable (Y) Carrying out laboratory examinations.
Data analysis through univariate and bivariate stages (Chi Square tes.
RESULTS
1Table of respondent characteristics Respondent Amount Prosentase (%) Education College SMA
SMP
No school Age 17-25 Year 26-30 Year 31-35 Year 36-40 Year Work Not Working/IRT Private PNS Farmer Information Once Never Resources Direct Print media Electronic Media Total Table1.
Characteristics of respondents Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 7 Journal for Quality in Women's Health (JQWH ) Based on table 1 above, almost half of the total respondents were found, namely .
%) had 4.
Cross tabulation between Knowledge of pregnant women about hepatitis B with junior high school education, and a small portion laboratory tests of respondents .
%) had tertiary education.
For Laboratory tests age data, half of them were .
%) aged 17-25
Total
(%)
Hepatitis B years, and a small portion respondents .
%) were Knowle aged 36-40 years.
For employment data, almost Not half .
%) did not work, and a small portion of respondents .
%) worked as farmers.
For information data, it was found that half .
%) had received information, and almost half of respondents .
%) had not received information.
Total Almost half of them .
%) got information from Table 4 cross-tabulation of knowledge with print media, and a small portion .
%) got laboratory tests of respondents in 2024 information from electronic media.
Based on table 4 above, it was found that half Knowledge of the total respondents .
%) had sufficient knowledge and had carried out laboratory NO Knowledge freque percenta examinations, and a small portion .
%) had good Criteria knowledge and had not yet had laboratory Based on Chi Square calculations, the p-value was 0.
026<0, 05: Ho is rejected, meaning there is a relationship between pregnant women's knowledge about hepatitis B and laboratory examinations at the D3 Midwifery Study Program.
Tulungagung University in 2024 Table 2 Respondents' knowledge in 2024 Based on table 2 above, more than half of the total respondents were found, namely .
%) respondents had sufficient knowledge, and a small portion .
%) had good knowledge Laboratory tests No Laborato freque ry tests Do Not Total Table Laboratory respondents in 2024 Based on table 3 above, more than half of the total respondents .
%) have had a laboratory examination, and a small portion .
%) have not had a laboratory examination.
DISCUSSION