Public Health of Indonesia
E-ISSN: 2477-1570 | P-ISSN: 2528-1542
Original Research Knowledge and Behavior of Household Medicine Storage: A Study from the Urban area of Jakarta.
Indonesia Suci Ahda Novitri1 .
Ofa Suzanti Betha1 .
Annisa Triana Yusman1 Rurynta Ferly Shavira1 .
Estu Mahanani Dhilasari1 .
Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah2 Department of Pharmacy.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
South Tangerang.
Banten.
Indonesia.
Department of Public Health.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
South Tangerang.
Banten.
Indonesia.
Corresponding author:
Suci Ahda Novitri Department of Pharmacy.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Jl.
Kertamukti No.
5 Pisangan Ciputat Kota Tangerang Selatan,15419.
Indonesia.
Email: suci.
ahda@uinjkt.
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
36685/phi.
Copyright: A 2024 the Author.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Article history:
Received 2 February 2024 Revised 30 April 2024 Accepted 23 May 2024 Abstract Background: The prevalence of self-medication has significantly increased the amount of medicine stored in households.
Many individuals remain unfamiliar with proper medication storage procedures, which can compromise the stability and effectiveness of the medicine.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and behavior of urban households in Jakarta regarding medicine storage.
Methods: An analytical approach using a cross-sectional method was employed.
Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and observations.
A total of 329 respondents and 1686 medicines were obtained through purposive sampling.
The collected data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with SPSS 26.
Results: The findings indicated that a majority of individuals had low knowledge .
53%) and exhibited inappropriate behavior .
45%) regarding medicine Most respondents obtained their medicines from pharmacies or The most commonly stored therapeutic classes were cough and cold medicines, including analgesic-antipyretics.
A significant relationship was observed between age group and level of knowledge, as well as between education, knowledge, and behavior related to household medicine storage .
value < 0.
Conclusion: The urban community in Jakarta demonstrates poor knowledge and inappropriate behavior regarding medicine storage in households.
This underscores the need for continuous education to promote proper medication storage practices.
Keywords: Medicine storage.
Background In recent years, there is a significant change regarding the pattern of medication use in society, leading to a rise in medicine purchases (Garcya-Goyi, 2.
This phenomenon occurs due to a combination of several variables, such as technical developments resulting in higher prices, population aging, and changes in prescription practices (Dilokthornsakul et al.
, 2.
Millions of lives have been saved and improved throughout the world because of increased access to important medications and other healthcare products (Dubois et al.
, 2.
, leading to, large amounts of medicine storage in Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 households.
However, household medicine storage is a global public health problem caused by inadequate medication usage or non-adherence to drug therapy.
This issue has a detrimental influence on people's health, the environment, and access to healthcare facilities (Jafarzadeh et al.
, 2.
, including economic losses, unfavorable clinical outcomes, and reduced treatment adherence (Colberg et al.
, 2.
The prevalence of medicine storage in households is significantly high, as indicated by previous A total of 13 studies in several countries found that the prevalence was more than 70%, with 90% reporting half of the incidence (Jafarzadeh et al.
, 2.
In most households worldwide, medicines are stored for various purposes, including for urgent use and treatment of chronic or acute This practice includes both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medications designed for acute and chronic conditions (Martins et al.
, 2.
Another study showed that most individuals stored medicine in households due to the possibility of future use, leftovers from previous treatments, and selfmedication (Constantino et al.
, 2.
In Indonesia, medicine storage also remains a problem.
Data reported that 103.
860 or 35.
2% of 959 households store medicine for self-medication.
Among these households.
Jakarta has the highest proportion, consisting of 56.
4% among regions in the country (Kemenkes, 2.
As reported in Indonesian Basic Health Research data .
, 35.
7% of households stored prescription medicines.
Meanwhile, 27.
8% stored antibiotics, indicating an irrational use of medicines.
The results also showed 1%, 42.
2%, and 47% of households stored medicines for use, stock, and due to leftover from previous treatment (Kemenkes, 2.
The increasing rate of medicine storage in households has the potential to lead to irrational drug use.
Inappropriate medicine storage can also lead to drug damage, decreased drug effectiveness and drug safety.
Research conducted in Pucang Sewu Village.
Gubeng District.
Surabaya City by Savira et al.
which was attended by 140 respondents obtained results: 132 respondents .
3%) stored medicine at home and 19 of 132 respondents .
6%) stored expired medicine at home (Savira et al.
Then, research conducted by Fajrin .
in Babakan Sari Village.
Bandung City, found that there are still many people who store medicines in places that are easily accessible to children (Fajrin et al.
From this data, it can be seen that there are still many people who do not know how to store medicines properly.
Application of the knowledge-behavior model in health education has an effect in changing bad habits, increasing healthy behavior and improving self-management behavior in patients (Liu et al.
, 2.
Knowledge is the result of someone knowing objects through their senses (Notoatmodjo, 2.
Good knowledge will be used as a basic reason for a person to make choices or act (Fajrin et al.
, 2.
One of the reasons for poor medicine storage is limited information and knowledge about safe medicine storage (Huang et al.
, 2.
Research conducted by (Hassan, 2.
reported that the factors of age, gender and education level can affect medicine storage behavior in the household.
Therefore, knowledge about medicine storage is likely to influence behavior in how to store drugs, thus affecting the stability, safety and effectiveness of a drug.
Good medicine storage can maintain the stability of the drug during storage so that the effectiveness and safety of the drug will be maintained until the time of use.
The effectiveness and success of drug therapy will be impaired if drug stability decreases.
A drug is said to be stable if during storage until the time of use it does not undergo physical, chemical, microbiological, toxicological changes, and still has the same therapeutic effect in accordance with the provisions set by the pharmaceutical industry (Herawati, 2012.
Noviani, 2.
Several studies have been carried out on medicine storage in Indonesia, with the majority being conducted in rural areas and did not measure variables influencing behavior (Isnenia, 2021.
Pratiwi et al.
Savira et al.
, 2020.
Zulkarni et al.
, 2.
Therefore, the aim of the study was to measure the knowledge and behavior of medicine storage in households in Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Knowledge was evaluated based on the information individuals possessed within a certain behavioral domain, which significantly influenced their decisions.
The results were expected to provide valuable insight for stakeholders to improve their efforts in maximizing the benefits and minimizing the adverse effects of medicine storage in households.
Method Study Design This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jakarta.
Indonesia.
The city was selected due to its distinction as the province with the highest proportion of household medication storage at 56.
4% (Kemenkes, 2.
Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 Setting This study was conducted in JuniAe August 2022.
West Cilandak.
South Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Sample/Participants The sample was selected using purposive sampling due to the absence of a sampling frame and this study required a population that stored medicine in accordance with the research objectives.
This is based on the research objectives that require a population that stores medicine in households.
Inclusion criteria were respondents living in West Cilandak.
South Jakarta, the head of the family or a member responsible for storing medicines in the household, the ability to communicate, and having medication stored in the Exclusion criteria are respondents not answering the questionnaire completely.
Respondents were recruited by door to door, then selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
The population includes 1.
780 households in Cilandak.
South Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Based on the results of sample calculations using the Slovin formula with a 95% confidence level, the minimum sample size required was 327 respondents.
However, for this study, the sample taken was 329 respondents who met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 1686 medicines stored in households.
This study was conducted by visiting the home of each respondent who met the inclusion criteria.
Then observations and interviews were conducted regarding the way medicine was stored.
Furthermore, respondents answered questions on a questionnaire sheet that had been tested for validity and reliability.
Instrument The data used in this study were collected using a survey form, which consisted of four parts.
These included .
the identity of the respondent, including questions about age, gender, education, occupation, and family income, .
the medicine storage profile, such as the name/brand, source of acquisition, purpose for storage, class, dosage form, therapeutic category, storage location, conditions .
ight, humidity, temperatur.
, accessibility to children and expiration date, .
knowledge of medicine storage, which includes general knowledge about storing medicines, specific storage guidelines, expiration date.
BUD (Beyond Use Dat.
, and damaged medicine, .
behavior of medicine storage, including information seeking before household storage, separate storage of oral and topical medicine, adherence to storage conditions, as well as handling of damaged or expiration medicine.
This study used a 4-point Likert scale to measure household medicine storage behavior, consisting of categories of never, sometimes, often, and always.
The instrument used in this study is the result of the development of AuCara Cerdas Gunakan ObatAy (Kemenkes, 2.
and has been tested for validation and reliability using SPSS Version 26.
The validity of the instrument was tested on 30 respondents with the same characteristics.
A question is considered valid if the calculated r value is more than the predetermined r table value with a significance level of 5% or 95% confidence interval (Sani K, 2.
Validity test was conducted on each question, where the knowledge questionnaire consisted of 13 questions and behavior consisted of 10 questions.
Valid questions .
-value>rtabl.
were used for this study.
The reliability score of the questionnaire is AlphaAos Cronbach > 0.
indicating that the instrument has acceptable reliability (Budiastuti & Bandur, 2.
Behavior is categorized into two groups, namely good and bad medicine storage.
Meanwhile, good behavior entails keeping medicine away from direct sunlight, dry humidity, appropriate temperature, out of reach of children, and preventing expiration (Kemenkes, 2.
Knowledge of household medicine storage is considered good when the total score ranges from 75-100% and poor at a value <75% (Agus, 2.
Appropriate household medicine storage is when the total score ranges from 75 to 100% and inappropriate at <75% (Agus, 2.
Before data collection, the validity of the instrument was tested on 30 respondents with the same characteristics.
The reliability score of the knowledge questionnaire is 0.
715, indicating that the instrument has acceptable reliability (Budiastuti & Bandur, 2.
Data Collection Data were collected in in April Ae August 2022.
West Cilandak.
South Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and observation using the survey and observation forms conducted research Interviews were conducted to fill in personal identity, medicine storage profile, knowledge, and Meanwhile, interviews and observations were carried out simultaneously to obtain data on medicine storage behavior.
Before data collection, permission to survey residents' homes was obtained from the West Cilandak authority, and ethics permit.
During the collection process, respondents were informed about the study procedure.
Respondents who agreed signed the informed consent and became participants in the study sample.
Subsequently, interviews and observations were carried out regarding the knowledge and behavior of storing medicines at home.
Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 Data analysis Univariate and bivariate analyses were carried out in this study using SPSS Version 26.
These analyses were performed to examine the number and percentage of respondents' characteristics, knowledge, and medicine storage behavior in households.
Chi-Square test was conducted to examine the relationship between sociodemography characteristics and knowledge and behavior of medicine storage in households.
Ethical Considerations Throughout the study, confidentiality and anonymity were maintained, while ethical approval was received at the Health Research Ethics Committee of Syarif Hidayatullah Islamic State University Jakarta Number Un.
01//F.
10/KP.
1/KE.
SP/06.
037/2022.
Results RespondentsAo characteristics A total of 329 respondent stored medicine in households.
The study respondents ranged in age from 17 to 83 years.
The results presented in Table 1 showed that approximately 83.
28% of respondents were female The majority .
57%) of respondents were in the range of 46-55 years, .
38%) had senior high school education, 61.
70% were housewives, 71.
12% had low income.
Table 1.
RespondentsAo characteristics Characteristics Total Age .
17 Ae 25
26 Ae 35
>65
Sex Male Female Level of education No School Elementary School Junior High School Senior High School University Work Student Housewife Teacher/Lecturer Police Private sector employee Entrepreneur Trader Retired Others Income .
n Indonesian Rupia.
Low (< 1.
Moderate .
500,001-2.
High .
Very high (> 3.
Total Description of respondents' knowledge and behavior Regarding knowledge.
Table 2 showed that 47.
4% of respondents did not know about storing syrup at room temperature, 45.
6% of respondents did not know about storing cold and cough syrup medicines in the medicine box, not in the refrigerator.
Approximately 52.
3% of respondents did not know about storing suppository dosage form in the refrigerator, 48% of respondents did not know about expired date is the deadline when the medicine still have efficacy and is safe to use as long as the primary Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 packaging has not been opened, 56.
8% of respondents did not know about pulveres left over from treatment that is still good should be discarded Knowledge of household medicine storage is considered good when the total score ranges from 75-100% and poor at a value <75% (Agus, 2.
From the results of the study, it was found that respondents who had good medicine storage knowledge were 43.
47% and poor medicine storage knowledge were 56.
The researcher measured the behavior of respondents using a questionnaire consisting of 10 questions covering aspects: information seeking before household storage, separate storage of oral and topical medicine, adherence to storage conditions, as well as handling of damaged or expired medicine.
Appropriate household medicine storage is when the total score ranges from 75 to 100% and inappropriate at <75% (Agus, 2.
From the results of the study, it was found that respondents who had appropriate medicine storage behavior were 42.
44% and inappropriate medicine storage behavior Table 2.
Respondent's correct knowledge per item question related to household storage of medicine Question Sources of medicine storage information can be obtained from doctors and pharmacists Medication stored in a dry place may cause damage Humid places can damage the medicine Keeping medicine in the car for too long can damage the medicine Syrup medicine should be stored at room temperature Cold and cough syrup medicines should be stored in the medicine box, not in the Suppository dosage form need to be stored in the refrigerator Expired date is the deadline when the medicine still have efficacy and is safe to use as long as the primary packaging has not been opened As long as it has not been opened, the medicine can be stored according to the expired date Eye drops after opening the package can only be stored for a month Pulveres left over from treatment that is still good should be discarded Syrup that is cloudy and smells but has not expired should be discarded Ointment dosage form should not be used when they have hardened, separated, and Medicine Storage Profile & Condition Table 3 showed the storage profile in the household, the results showed that the source of medicines is the pharmacy or drugstore .
42%) and supply purposes .
72%).
The most commonly stored medicine class is prescription .
38%), while the dosage forms are tablets/caplets .
85%).
presented in Table 3, the most medicine therapy class is cold and cough .
56%).
Table 3.
Medicine Storage Profile .
= 1.
Medicine Storage Profile Sources of Obtaining Medicines Pharmacy or drug store Hospital Primary Healthcare Non-healthcare shop Storage Reason:
Being used Remaining treatment Preparation Medicine Class Free medicines or over-the-counter drugs (OTC) Limited free medicines Prescription medicines Psychotropic medicines Narcotic drugs Traditional medicine Health supplement Medicine not identified Dosage form Tablets/caplets Capsules Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 Pulveres Syrup/solution/suspense/emulsion Cream/ointment/gel Suppositories Inhaler Drops Injection Therapy Class Cold and Cough Antipyretic-analgesics Vitamins and minerals Cardiovascular medicines Antiacids and other antiulcer medicines Anti-infective agents NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicine.
Herbal Medicine Antidiarrhea, laxatives, others Steroid preparations Nausea and Vertigo Antidiabetic Antiasthmatic and bronchodilator agents DMARDs .
isease-modifying agents used in rheumatic disorder.
Others Mean:5.
SD (Standard Devias.
: 4.
Min-Max: 1 Ae 35 Table 4 shows storage conditions, where 1.
3% of medicines are exposed to sunlight, 11.
15% are stored in a humid place, 15.
18% are placed in inappropriate storage temperatures, and 52.
79% are accessible to Approximately 5% of expired medicines are stored in households.
Meanwhile, 33.
10% of medicines are stored in good conditions, namely avoiding direct sunlight, dry humidity, appropriate storage temperatures, kept out of reach of children, and have not expired.
Table 4.
Condition storage medicine based on observation .
= 1.
Medicine Storage Conditions Sunlight Protected Exposed Humidity Dry Moist Temperature Appropriate Inappropriate Children's Outreach Avoid reach out of children Accessible for children Expired Not yet Already Not known Total fit Appropriate Inappropriate Relationship Between Knowledge and Behavior of Medicine Storage Table 5 showed that the characteristics of knowledge and behavior of storing medicines storage in the household were evaluated in this study.
The results showed that poor knowledge was dominated by the age group 56-65 years old .
51%) and >65 years old .
73%) showed inappropriate behavior.
Among male respondents, poor knowledge .
18%) and inappropriate behavior .
18%) was prevalent.
According to education level, a respondent who completed elementary school has poor knowledge .
95%) and inappropriate behavior .
95%).
Furthermore, the majority of traders have poor knowledge .
92%) and retired respondents .
73%) showed inappropriate behavior.
Most of the respondents with moderate income .
showed poor knowledge and inappropriate Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 behavior.
Table 5 showed that there was a significant relationship between age group and level of knowledge .
-value <0.
, education and knowledge .
-value <0.
, as well as education and behavior .
-value <0.
using chi-square test analysis.
Table 5.
Knowledge and behavior of storing medicines at home based on the characteristics of the Characteristics Total Age .
n year.
17 Ae 25
26 Ae 35
>65
Sex Man Female Level of education No School Elementary School Junior High School Senior High School University Work Student Housewife Teacher/Lecturer Police Private sector employee Entrepreneur Trader Retired Others Income .
n Indonesian Rupia.
< 1.
> 3.
*p-value <0.
Level of Knowledge Good
Poor
35,11
64,89
41,82
58,18
Apporiate Behavior Inappropriate Table 6 shows that there is a relationship between knowledge and behavior of medicine storage .
-value < 0.
using chi-square test analysis.
Respondents with poor knowledge had a 2.
9 times chance of inappropriate behavior in storing medicines in the household (OR, 2.
95% Cl, 1.
884 Ae 4.
Tabel 6.
The Relationship Between Knowledge Level and Medication Storage Behavior in Household Variable Knowledge Good Poor *p-value <0.
Behavior Appropriate Inappropriate Total p-value OR .
% C.
884 Ae 4.
Discussion In this study, there were still respondents who poor knowledge and inappropriate behavior regarding medicine storage practice.
More than 50% of respondents did not know about storing syrup at room temperature, in Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 the refrigerator, and expiration date.
Approximately 43.
47% of respondents have good knowledge regarding household medicine storage.
As previously reported, 44% of respondents know about medicine storage (Castro Espinosa et al.
, 2.
Another study in Indonesia showed that 16.
1% of respondents had good knowledge about medicine storage practice (Okta Muthia Sari, 2.
, indicating a relatively low result.
Based on the results, 1% of respondents knew that medicine storage information could be obtained from pharmacists and doctors.
This proportion required improvement in the provision of information by pharmacists, who played an important role in improving medicine safety, preparation, distribution, use, and disposal (Quality, 2.
However, previous studies in Indonesia reported that providing information from health workers regarding medicine storage was still not optimal (Anggriani et al.
, 2.
Storage of syrup dosage form including solutions, emulsions, and suspensions in households was mostly found in refrigerators.
In this study, only 47.
4% of respondents knew about the storage of syrup dosage form at room Syrup dosage is stored at room/room temperature, away from sunlight, humidity, and the reach out of However, refrigeration ranging from 2 Ae 8OC should be avoided to prevent freezing and precipitation, potentially rendering the medicine unstable (Departemen Kesehatan RI, 2.
For storage of special medicines such as suppositories, 52.
3% of respondents answered correctly, refrigerating at a temperature between 2 Ae 8OC.
Meanwhile, 47.
7% provided incorrect answers due to a lack of familiarity with suppository dosage forms and storage Suppositories dosage form should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature between 2 Ae 8OC, as storage at room temperature can lead to melting (Afqary et al.
, 2.
Powdered medicine .
is often used in the treatment of children.
However, its administration should not be continued unless specific instructions are received from doctor, resulting in leftover powdered In this study, the knowledge of respondents on handling showed that 56.
8% dispose of, 39.
8% store and 3% reuse the leftover powdered medicine.
These results indicated that some respondents tend to store and reuse the medicine due to the absence of packaging information.
To ensure the safety and effectiveness of treatment, leftover powdered medicine should be disposed of.
The results showed that the eye drops were stored in households by the respondents.
The storage time limit for eye drops is 1 month after the packaging is opened (Noviani, 2.
(Oselia et al.
, 2.
to prevent contamination (Savira et al.
, 2.
In this study, 64.
7% of respondents knew that eye drops after opening packages can only be stored for a Based on the results, 66.
90% of respondents did not store medicine in households properly, as the majority .
97%) kept it at a location easily accessible to children.
Another study also reported that 42.
9% of respondents kept medicine in an easily accessible (Savira et al.
, 2.
, resulting in the risk of accidental ingestion and poisoning (Lee & Schommer, 2.
According to CDC data .
, 35.
000 children are hospitalized each year due to accidental ingestion of medicines.
To prevent and minimize harm by pediatric medication poisoning, the CDC recommends storing medicine out of sight, ensuring proper monitoring when children are present, and having the Poison Help number readily available in the household (CDC.
, 2.
Prescription medicines that are stored for supply allow for irrationality in purchasing medicines by the This is because the use of prescription medicines requires an understanding of their indications, dosage, and side effects (Khairiyati, 2.
Therefore, the purchase of prescription medicines should be based on examination and doctor's recommendation to minimize medication errors.
Engaging in the practice of purchasing medicine without a prescription as supplies can also increase the number of leftover medicine in households (Isnenia, 2.
The results showed that there was a significant relationship between age group and level of knowledge .
value <0.
This confirms previous research findings which reported that age influences respondents' knowledge (Huang et al.
, 2.
Knowledge and information about storing medicine in household will increase with age (Huang et al.
, 2.
Increasing knowledge and information will increase respondents' attention regarding proper storage of The results showed that there was a significant relationship between education and knowledge .
-value <0.
This confirms the findings of previous studies which reported that education influences knowledge about medicine storage (Huang et al.
, 2.
Poor knowledge and inappropriate behavior are often caused by low levels of This phenomenon significantly influences medicine storage in the household (Hassan et al.
, 2.
, as people with higher education tend to easily obtain more information (Desmariani et al.
, 2021.
Nasrul, 2019.
Pramestutie et al.
, 2.
The results also showed that there was a significant relationship between education and behavior .
-value <0.
This confirms previous research findings which reported that age influences respondents' behavior (Huang et al.
, 2.
Respondents who have higher education are likely to increase health awareness related to medicine storage behavior (Huang et al.
, 2.
The level of education is related to knowledge and behavior, which directly affects the selection of medicine.
Then, there was a relationship between knowledge and behavior of medicine storage .
-value < 0.
Respondents with poor knowledge had a 2.
9 times chance of inappropriate behavior in storing medicines in the household (OR, 2.
95% Cl, 1.
884 Ae 4.
This indicates that our research hypothesis was accepted.
This indicates that knowledge is a factor influencing the behavior of individuals.
Therefore, there is a need to enhance public knowledge regarding proper medicine storage in households.
Increasing knowledge and information will increase respondents' attention regarding proper storage of medicines.
Correct medicine storage can maintain drug stability during storage, thereby reducing the risk of undesirable effects and achieving the effectiveness of drug Therefore, a higher level of education enhances the practice of good medicine storage in households (Fajrin Volume 10.
Issue 2.
April - June 2024 et al.
, 2.
Proper storage of medicine can maintain the stability of the medicine during storage, thereby reducing the risk of undesirable effects and achieving the therapeutic effectiveness of the medicine.
This study has limitations in terms of sample selection since it uses a non-probability sampling technique that does not provide equal opportunity to each population because the sample is selected based on inclusion criteria.
This causes the frequency distribution for each respondent's characteristics to be disproportionate.
Conclusion This study found a relationship between knowledge and medicine storage behavior in households.
Proper medicine storage can maintain drug stability during storage so that drug effectiveness is achieved.
Age and education play an important role in household medicine storage.
Previous studies have also documented the significant impact of age and education on household medicine storage practices (Hassan, 2.
Additionally, this study showed that the majority of respondents had poor knowledge .
53%) and inappropriate behavior .
45%) regarding proper medicine storage in the household.
This indicated that further efforts should be carried out to educate and increase public awareness in the urban area of Jakarta, regarding knowledge and behavior related to medicine storage so as to maintain the stability, safety and effectiveness of drugs.
Providing education about medicine storage can involve pharmacists, pharmaceutical health workers at community health centers, hospitals, pharmacies or universities.
Apart from that, education can also be done using social media.
advertisements on television, posters and other communication media thereby increasing public awareness about the importance of proper storage of medicines.
After educating the community, it is necessary to conduct monitoring and evaluation related to medicine storage.
Declaration Conflicting Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding This study was funded by research grant of the Public Service Agency (BLU) Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta 2023 (PUSLITPEN).
Acknowledgements We would like to thank all the respondents who participated in this study.
Author contribution SAN responsible for study conception and design, analysis and interpretation of results, and manuscript preparation.
OSB responsible for study conception and design, analysis and interpretation of results.
ATY responsible for analysis and interpretation of results, and data collection.
MIN responsible for analysis and interpretation of results, manuscript preparation.
RFS & EMD responsible for manuscript preparation.
Author Biography Suci Ahda Novitri Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Indonesia community.
She can be contacted at email: suci.
ahda@uinjkt.
Ofa Suzanti Betha is an Assistant Professor and a lecturer at Department of Pharmacy.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Research interest is pharmaceutical technology, drug stability, compounding and dispensing.
She can be contacted at email: ofabetha@uinjkt.
Annisa Triana Yusman is student of Bachelor of Pharmacy program at Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Indonesia.
She can be contacted at email: annisa.
yusman18@mhs.
Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah is a lecturer at Department of Public Health.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Involved with various research projects in the field of social determinants of health, health behavior and healthcare policy and management.
Active member of the Indonesian Public Health Association.
He can be contacted at email: iqbalnurmansyah@uinjkt.
Rurynta Ferly Shavira is an Assistant Professor and a lecturer at Department of Pharmacy.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Research interest is pharmacology, clinical pharmacy, pharmacy community.
She can be contacted at email: rurynta@uinjkt.
Estu Mahanani Dhilasari is an Assistant Professor and a lecturer at Department of Pharmacy.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Research interest is pharmaceutical technology, drug stability, compounding and dispensing.
She can be contacted at email: estu.
maharani@uinjkt.
References